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ABRSM Theory 1 & 2
ABRSM Grade 1 and 2 performance directions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| a | at, to, by, for, in, in the style of |
| al, alla | to the, in the manner of |
| allargando | broadening |
| andantino | slightly faster than andante |
| con, col | with |
| dolce | sweet, soft |
| e, ed | and |
| espressivo (or espress.) | expressive |
| fortepiano | loud, then immediately soft |
| giocoso | playful, merry |
| grave | very slow, solemn |
| grazioso | graceful |
| larghetto | rather slow (but not as slow as largo) |
| largo | slow, stately |
| ma | but |
| maestro | majestic |
| meno | less |
| molto | very, much |
| mosso, moto | movment |
| non | not |
| piu | more |
| presto | fast (faster than allegro) |
| senza | without |
| sfz, sf | forced, accented |
| simile ( or sim.) | in the same way |
| sostenuto | sustained |
| tenuto | held |
| troppo | too much |
| vivace, vivo | lively, quick |
| assai | very |
| accelerando | gradually getting quicker |
| adaigio | slow |
| allegretto | fairly quick ( but not as quick as allegro ) |
| andante | at a medium ( walking ) speed |
| cantibile | in a singing style |
| crescendo | gradually getting louder |
| da capo | repeat from begining |
| dal segno | repeat from certain sign |
| decrescendo | gradually getting quieter |
| diminuendo | gradually getting quieter |
| fine | the end |
| forte | loud |
| fortisimmo | very loud |
| legato | smoothly |
| lento | slow |
| mezzo | half |
| mezzo forte | moderately loud |
| mezzo piano | moderately quiet |
| moderato | moderately |
| piano | quiet |
| pianisimmo | very quiet |
| poco | a little |
| rallentendo | gradually getting slower |
| ritardento | gradually getting slower |
| ritenuto | held back |
| staccato | detached |
| tempo | speed, time |