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Stars & Sun Eng
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A star is | A ball of has glowing due to fusion of elements |
| Fusion is | two elements being fused together to make a new, heavier element. this process releases energy |
| Luminosity is | how bright a star is, influenced by temperature and size |
| Star color | determined by temperature |
| Blue stars are (temp) | hotter |
| Red stars are (temp) | cooler |
| Dwarf stars are the size of | Earth |
| Medium stars are the size of | our sun |
| Giant stars are the size of | thousands of our Sun |
| Star Mass | variable, does not determine the size of the star |
| Nebula | gas and dust ball, eventually will form a star or solar system |
| Protostar | stage when negula condenses and flattens |
| Stars are born when | fusion begins |
| Larger stars live | shorter lives as they fuse more quickly and use up their elements |
| Stars spend most of their lives in the | main sequence |
| Red giants | form when stars have fused all of their hydrogen and begin to condense and cool (red) |
| White dwarfs | have used up all of their fuel and condense into a solid ball |
| Black dwarf | have used up all their fuel and condense into a solid ball that gives off no light |
| H-R Diagram | shows the relationship between luminosity and temperature of a star |
| Luminosity is measured in | "Suns" - how many "Suns" bright is the star |
| Celestial sphere | imagined sphere that encapsulates the Earth with a coordinate system to plot and locate celestial items |
| Azimuth | lateral direction (compass directions) indicating observer location |
| Altitude (celestial sphere) | degrees above the horizon where a celestial object is located |
| To identify a celestial object's location you need the (2) | azimuth and altitude |
| Zenith | the point directly above an observer's head |
| Stars appear to rotate around the earth because | the earth is spinning on its axis |
| The sun's path (compass directions) | rises in the east, sets in the west |
| Insolation | how much sunlight is received |
| Solar noon | max altitude of the sun in a day, varies by season |
| June 21st sun path (position in sky, hours of daylight, max altitude) | Highest in sky and max hours of daylight, max altitude of 72 degrees |
| December 21st sun path (position in sky, hours of daylight, max altitude) | lowest in sky and fewest hours of daylight, max altitude of 24.5 degrees |
| Equinoxes dates | March 21 and September 23 |
| Equinoxes sun path (position in sky, hours of daylight, max altitude) | Middle of sky, 12 hours of daylight, max altitude around 48 degrees |
| Apparent motion | Motion of the stars and the sun as they appear to move through the night sky |
| Polaris altitude | the same as the latitude of the observer's location |
Created by:
Ms. Torres
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