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Earth's Motion Eng
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Revolution | Earth's orbit around the Sun |
| Rotation | Earth spinning on it's axis |
| Earth's tilt | 23.5 degrees |
| Procession | Earth's wobbling on it's axis caused by the moon's gravity |
| Procession time scale | changes over thousands of years |
| Obliquity | variation in earth's axis from 22 to 24 degrees caused by procession |
| Obliquity time scale | changes over hundreds of thousands of years |
| Foucault Pendulum | Pendulum that appears to rotate in a circle, evidence that the Earth is rotating, not the pendulum |
| Coriolis Effect | Earth's rotation causes fluid and gases to have curved paths |
| Coriolis Effect impacts ... (2) | ocean currents, atmospheric currents |
| Shape of earth's orbit around the sun | Elliptical |
| Perihelion | closest point to the sun in Earth's orbit |
| Aphelion | furthest point from the sun in Earth's orbit |
| Tropics latitudes | 23.5 S to 23.5 north |
| Arctic and antarctic latitudes | 67 to 90 north or south |
| Season in northern hemisphere when Earth is tilted towards the Sun | Summer |
| Season in northern hemisphere when Earth is tilted away from the Sun | Winter |
| Season in southern hemisphere when Earth is tilted towards the Sun | Winter |
| Season in southern hemisphere when Earth is tilted away the Sun | Summer |
| Insolation | amount of solar radiation an area receives |
| When the angle of insolation is higher, temperature is | higher |
| When the angle of insolation is lower, temperature is | lower |
| On March 21st and September 23rd, which latitudes receive the strongest insolation | 0 degrees/ equator |
| On June 21st, which latitude receives the strongest insolation | 23.5 N or tropic of cancer |
| On December 21st, which latitude receives the strongest insolation | 23.5 S or tropic of capricorn |
| In which season will the either the north or south pole receive no insolation/daylight | winter |
| In which season will either the north or south pole receive 24 hours of insolation/daylight | Summer |
| What causes the insolation of an area to change over time? | Earth's revolution around the Sun |
| Factors effecting climate (6) | Latitude, altitude, insolation, ocean currents, nearness to ocean, prevailing winds, mountains |
| Ocean current causes | Coriolis effect, density differences |
| How does density impact ocean current movement | cold water sinks and flows to warmer areas |
| Driver of surface currents | temperature differences and wind |
| Driver of deep currents | density differences (saltier = denser) |
| El Niño | weakening of pacific winds, warm water builds up along south america, cold water unable to rise up, too warm |
| Latitude's impact on climate | higher latitudes have colder temperatures and more variation in temperature |
| Altitude's impact on climate | higher altitudes result in colder temperatures |
| Ocean current impact on climate | redistribute heat energy throughout ocean, if close to warm current, climate is warmer |
| Insolation's impact on climate | the more intense the insolation, the higher the temperaturues |
| Nearness to ocean impact on climate | Ocean stores heat, so when you're closer to the ocean it is cooler as that heat is stored away |
| Prevailing winds impact on climate | dry regions at 30 and 90 as wind sinks and brings down dry cold air. reverse at 0 and 60 |
| Mountain (orographic effect) | Rain gets rained out as clouds travel over mountains, side by ocean wet, side away from ocean dry |
| Windward side | side of mountain facing the ocean |
| Leeward side | side of mountain facing away from the ocean |
Created by:
Ms. Torres
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