Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Stack #4194785
musculoskeletal system
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| protection | bones surround vital organs like the brain with skull bones |
| support | bones create a rigid frame to support the organs |
| movement | bones meet at joints which allow different movements in partnership with muscles |
| blood cell formation | red bone marrow in spongy bone produces erythrocytes, leucocytes and platelets |
| storage of inorganic salts | calcium and phosphate are stored in bone and may be released when needed for nerve impulse transmission and muscle contraction |
| axial skeleton | skull - cranium + mandible + maxilla, vertebral column, ribs, sternum. |
| appendicular skeleton | petoral griddle - clavicle + scapula, pelvic griddle - pelvis + sacrum, arm - humerus + radius + ulna. leg - femur + patella + tibia + fibula hand - carpals + metacarpals + phalanges foot - tarsal + metacarsal + phalanges + calcaneous |
| skull | immoveable sutures. gaps in joints at birth are fontanelle . cranial bones can flex and overlap for birth, allows for rapid brain growth in first two years. but potential damage to the brain if pressure is applied to the fontanelle. |
| foramen magnum | the large hole at the base of the skull which allows the spinal cord to enter the skull and connect to the brain |
| vertebra | centrum, neural canal, facet joint, transverse process, spinous process |
| vertebral column | cervicale vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx |
| rib cage | thoracic cavity with the heart and lungs. protection of vital organs and ventilation of lungs. the cartilage joints between the rib and sternum provide flexibility during compressions. |
| clavicle | braces the shoulder and keeps arms away from the torso |
| distal arm | ulna is larger at the elbow joint and radius is larger at the wrist. pivot point is between the head of the radius and ulna at the elbow and it allows rotation of the hand |
| hand grips | power grip - grasping objects in the palm e.g. hammering. precision grip - grasping between thumb and fingers e.g. writing |
| pelvic griddle | illum, ischium and pubis divided by the pubic symphysis. if the ischium makes a small angle it is a male, large = female for a wider birth canal |
| lower leg | femur is longer and thicker as it must support entire body weight. tibia is medial (central axis) and larger than the fibula which is lateral (to the side). tibia articulates with the talus. Achilles tendon is attached to the calcaneus bone. |
| long bone structure | epiphysis, has spongy bone, articular cartilage and growth plate. diaphysis has the periosteum, compact bone, endosteum, medullary cavity , yellow bone and blood vessel. epiphysis again at the bottom. |
| epiphysis | the enlarged ends of long bones. on the outside they have compact bone for strength but their central regions have spongy bone. which may contain red bone marrow where blood cell production occurs |
| diaphysis | the shaft that surrounds the central medullary cavity. the bone is constructed of thick compact bone which has fat called yellow bone marrow. compact bone gives it strength while the cavity means that the bone is lightweight and easy to move. |
| articular cartilage | covers each epiphysis. thin layer of hyaline cartilage, covers the ends of bones in the joint providing a smooth surface for movement reducing friction. |
| periosteum | the tough double membrane covering the diaphysis of the bone. provides the insertion point of tendons and ligaments, the inner part of the membrane also has bone forming cells used to shape the bone/for repair after injury |
| medullary cavity | hollow chamber inside the bone containing yellow marrow (fat) |
| compact bone | is very strong and has a high density, composed of regular circular units called osteons |
| spongey bone | has a low density with many pores, the bony pillars that make up spongey bone are called trabeculae |
Created by:
Anesu8648
Popular Science sets