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vocab for Science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Gravity | the natural force that tends to cause physical things to move towards each other : the force that causes things to fall towards the Earth |
| Force | strength or power exerted upon an object. |
| Push | : to use force to move (someone or something) forward or away from you |
| Pull | to hold onto and move (someone or something) in a particular direction and especially toward yourself. |
| Friction | the force that causes a moving object to slow down when it is touching another object. |
| Mass: | is a measurement of the amount of matter something contains. |
| Weight: | is the measurement of the pull of gravity on an object. |
| Motion: | the action or process of moving or of changing place or position; movement. |
| Inertia | the property of matter by which it retains its state of rest or its velocity along a straight line so long as it is not acted upon by an external force. |
| Speed | the rate at which someone or something moves or travels |
| Position: the place where someone or something is in relation to other people or things. | |
| Axis: the imaginary straight line that something (such as the Earth) turns around. | |
| Unbalanced Force: are not equal, and they always cause the motion of an object to change the speed and/or direction that it is moving. | |
| Acceleration: the rate at which the speed of a moving object changes over time | |
| Direction: a course along which someone or something moves | |
| Velocity | |
| Air resistance: Air resistance is defined as the force that acts in the opposite direction to an object moving through the air | |
| Momentum: a property of a moving body that the body has by virtue of its mass and motion and that is equal to the product of the body's mass and velocity | |
| Resist: to exert force in opposition | |
| Deceleration: to reduce the speed of | |
| Newton’s First Law: every object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless compelled to change its state by the action of an external force. | |
| Newton’s Second Law: force is equal to mass times acceleration | |
| Newton’s Third Law: for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction | |
| Biotic Factors: a living thing, as an animal or plant, that influences or affects an ecosystem. | |
| Abiotic Factors: a nonliving condition or thing, such as climate or habitat, that influences or affects an ecosystem and the organisms in it. | |
| Producers: an organism, as a plant, that is able to produce its own food from inorganic substances | |
| Consumers: an organism, usually an animal, that feeds on plants or other animals. | |
| Decomposers: an organism, usually a bacterium or fungus, that breaks down the cells of dead plants and animals into simpler substances. | |
| Herbivore: animals that get their energy by only eating producers or plants. | |
| Carnivore: animals that get their energy by only eating other consumers. | |
| Omnivore: animals that get their energy by eating both producers (plants) and consumers (animals) | |
| Predator: any organism that exists by preying on other organisms. | |
| Prey: an animal hunted or seized for food, especially by a carnivorous animal. | |
| Terrestrial Ecosystem: a land-based community of organisms | |
| Aquatic Ecosystem: an ecosystem in a body of water. | |
| Food chains: the path of food energy from one organism to another in an ecosystem | |
| food webs: overlapping food chains with different pathways for the flow of food energy in an ecosystem | |
| energy pyramid: a diagram that shows the amount of energy passed on at each level of a food chain | |
| competition: the struggle of organisms against each other to get the same resource | |
| natural resources: materials in the environment that useful to people | |
| Population: all the organisms of the same species that love in the same place at the same time | |
| Community: populations of different kinds of organisms that live in the same place at the same time. | |
| Habitat: the environment where an organisms lives | |
| Estuary: a place where fresh water from a river empties into the ocean and mixes with it | |
| Brackish: slightly salty, as is the mixture of river water and seawater in estuaries. | |
| Map: a flat, 2-dimensional drawing of land and water | |
| Globe: a spherical scale model of the Earth | |
| Latitude: geographic coordinate that specifies the north or south of the Equator | |
| Longitude: distance measured in degrees east or west from an imaginary line (called the prime meridian) that goes from the North Pole to the South Pole and that passes through Greenwich, England | |
| Hemisphere: A circle drawn around the Earth that divides it into two equal halves | |
| Weather: the state of the atmosphere at a place and time as regards heat, dryness, sunshine, wind, and precipitation | |
| Climate: the average weather conditions in an area over a long period | |
| Atmosphere: The envelope of gasses surrounding the earth | |
| Cirrus: White wispy clouds that form at high altitudes and are always made of ice crystals. | |
| Cumulus (cumulo-): fair weather clouds with white puffy tops and dark flat bottoms | |
| Stratus: lowest clouds that cover the sky like a thick gray blanket. | |
| Nimbus/Nimbo: precipitating cloud, such as nimbostratus or cumulonimbus cloud. | |
| Cumulonimbus: a huge vertical cloud that can produce a thunderstorm | |
| Land Breeze: a breeze blowing toward the sea from the land, especially at night, because the sea is warmer than the land. | |
| Sea Breeze: a breeze blowing toward the land from the sea , especially during the day, because land is cooler than the sea. | |
| Precipitation: water that falls to the Earth’s surface as rain, snow, sleet, or hail. | |
| Evaporation: the process of changing from a liquid to a gas | |
| Condensation: the process of changing from a gas to a liquid | |
| Jet stream: a steady worldwide wind that blows from west to east high above Earth | |
| Gulf stream: a warm current that starts near the equator and moves from Florida all the way to Iceland | |
| air mass: a large “bubble” of air that has about the same temperature and humidity throughout it | |
| La Nina/El Nino: unusual warming or cooling of the seawater in the Pacific Ocean | |
| Temperature: the average speed of the particles in a substance | |
| air pressure: the weight of the air pushing on everything around it | |
| Humidity: water vapor in the air | |
| Thermometer: a tool that measures temperature | |
| Barometer: a weather instrument that measures air pressure | |
| Anemometer: a weather instrument that measures wind speed | |
| wind vane: a weather instrument that shows the direction the wind is coming from | |
| rain gauge: a weather instrument that measures rainfall | |
| front: a place where one air mass meets and pushes aside another air mass | |
| Hurricane: a very large and violent tropical storm | |
| Water cycle: the recycling of water between the earth and the atmosphere. | |
| Evaporation: The process of changing a liquid into a gas due to heating. | |
| Condensation: The process of changing a gas into a liquid due to cooling. | |
| Precipitation: Form of water that falls from a cloud to the earth: rain, sleet, snow, hail. | |
| Runoff: Precipitation that flows across the land’s surface or flows into rivers,streams, or collection areas. | |
| Collection: The area where precipitation/water collects. | |
| Transpiration: The loss of water through a plant’s leaves | |
| Qualitative: non-numerical data that is observed, descriptive, and subjective. | |
| Quantitative: data expressing a certain quantity, amount or range. | |
| Matter: Anything made of atoms and molecules. Matter is anything that has a mass. | |
| Chemical change: Any change that causes a new substance to be formed. | |
| Physical change: Change in the state of matter in which the material is still the same type of material and has the same properties as the original material. | |
| Thermal Heat Energy: Total amount of kinetic (movement) and potential (stored) energies in the molecules of a substance. | |
| Heat: transfer of thermal energy from a warmer substance to a cooler one. | |
| Conduction: the transfer of heat from a warmer object to a cooler object through direct contact. | |
| Convection: movement in a gas or liquid in which the warmer parts move up and the colder parts move down | |
| Electromagnetic Waves: Waves traveling through space carrying electromagnetic radiant energy | |
| Conductor: a material that is good at transmitting energy or electricity | |
| Insulator: a material that allows little or no heat, electricity, or sound to go into or out of something | |
| Radiation: energy that comes from a source in the form of waves or rays you cannot see | |
| Temperature: a measurement that indicates how hot or cold something is | |
| Transfer: to move (someone or something) from one place to another. | |
| Expand: the act of growing or increasing (larger) | |
| the act of shrinking or decreasing(smaller) | |
| Cycle |
Created by:
Mkiser
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