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MCQ U7
Multiple choice questions for Unit 7 biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Divergent evolution is where two closely related species can become more different over time and ___ evolution is where two distantly related species can show similarity because they are experiencing similar environmental selective ___. | convergent, pressures |
| Some adaptations lead to a higher level of reproductive success, also known as ___. For example, a ___ beak length in birds may increase their ability to reach into small spaces to get food. | fitness, longer |
| Another very common adaptation is the ability for prey and predators to blend in with their surroundings, also known as ___ | camouflage |
| Artificial selection is when humans breed specific individual animals to increase the frequency of ___ traits in their population. | desirable |
| A change in the ___, such as a shift in food availability, can cause the gene ___ to also change, such as animal adaptations for eating the food. | environment, frequencies |
| Whenever measuring a change in gene frequency, it's always good to get a ___ sample from the population, if possible, to increase the reliability of your data | large |
| We can look at ___ characteristics, such as the forelimbs of different animal species, to determine how closely related they might be, but it's often not the most accurate way to determine how closely related species really are. | homologous |
| The most accurate source of information for constructing a phylogeny is ___ (the main genetic material), followed by ___ (since introns can be spliced out), followed by ___ (since multiple different codons can code for one of these) | DNA, RNA, amino acids |
| Anytime a trait is shared by all of the species in a study, it suggests the existence of a common ancestor. For example, cactuses, roses, and trees all have cells with cell ___ | walls |
| Some strains of bacteria have evolved to resist ___. They are helped by a fast reproduction rate and high variability (___) within the genomes of their populations. | antibiotics, diversity |
| If DNA becomes different, so do amino acids, which are the building blocks of what major macromolecules? | proteins |
| Any long-term separation of 2 groups of the same species can be called ___ isolation. | reproductive |
| If 2 groups of the same species become geographically separated from each other (by ocean or mountain ranges), they're prevented from reproducing with each other. This can also be called ___ isolation. | prezygotic |
| Besides geographic isolation, sometimes two different groups of the same species can be separated by behavior patterns, such as new ___ (mating) rituals or feeding times. | courtship |
| We can look at the ___ record to get a better understanding of background rates of extinction. Then use this information as a baseline to compare current species, such as tree frogs, to see if they are suffering from unusual declines in their population | fossil |
| When digging for fossil evidence, lower layers in the ground tend to be ___. Surprisingly, many species of ___ organisms are found in areas that are currently terrestrial. Meaning that aquatic & marine areas do a lot of shifting over long periods of time. | older, marine |
| Genetic ___ is when a population (usually small) becomes isolated from the main population, which can greatly increase or decrease the frequency of genes in the new population. ___ populations are usually more susceptible to big changes in gene frequency | drift, smaller |
| Don't forget the ___ hypothesis, which can be a prediction that basically states that ___ will occur because of a certain variable, event, or treatment. | null, no change |
| On the cellular level, remember that ___ (cells with small circular chromosomes and no membrane bound organelles) preceded eukaryotes, which typically have larger, more ___ chromosomes, as well as a membrane bound nucleus and membrane bound organelles. | prokaryotes, linear |
| In terms of cellular energetics, remember that ___ is a very basic energy-releasing process that happens in the ___ of a cell. It can happen in any type of cell, which suggests that we all had a common, single-celled ancestor. | glycolysis, cytosol |
Created by:
josie_dr
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