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Genes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a chromosome? | A chromosome is a thread-like structure made up of DNA which controls the function and characteristic of a cell. |
| What is the difference between a chromosome and a chromatin? | A chromosome is the coil up version of the chromatin. A chromatin is the string itself. |
| What the phosphate, sugar deoxyribase, and nucleotide apart of? | DNA |
| What thing uses amino acids joined together to form a chain that carries out specific task set out from the DNA? | Protein |
| What is the purpose of a Gene? | Gene is a segment of a DNA strand which controls a certain trait of an individual. E.x. Hair colour, height, body type |
| What is the purpose of a Codon | A codon is 3 nucleotide sequence in which the order of the nitrogenous bases make up a certain amino acid. There are 20 amino acid. |
| What are the 4 types of Nitrogenous base? | A- Adenine T- Thymine G- Guanine C- Cytosine |
| What is a nucleotide? | A nucleotide is a line in the DNA E.x. Line of CG or line of AT |
| How are amino acids made? How are proteins made? | Amino acids are made from 3 Nucleotide, and proteins are made from amino acids linked together to form a chain. |
| What are the 3 disease case we learned? | Phenylketonuria, Huntington Disease, and Down Syndrome |
| What is Phenylketonuria? | Phenylketonuria is when the body does not enough enzyme to digest the amino acid phenylalanine found in certain protein. |
| This is the test of what disease? -DNA screening of an individual for the gene | Huntington Disease |
| Why is there a possibility that you may not get a disease if one of your parent has it? | You have a 50% chance of getting it because one of the other parent's DNA maybe stronger. |
| What is Down Syndrome? | Down Syndrome is a genetic disorder that occurs when an embryo has an extra chromosome. |
| How do you test for Phenylketonuria? | It is tested at birth by taking baby’s blood from their heal to see if they have the protein enzyme. |
| What is the Huntington Disease? | A disease that affects the nerve cells, so the person loses muscle control. |
| What is the test for Down Syndrome? | Down Syndrome is tested before the child is born, by withdrawing the amniotic sac fluid and a micrograph of each of the pairs of chromosome is taken. |
| What is the difference between Transgenic Organism and Genetic Organism? | Transgenic Organism is genetically modifying an organism (GMO) who genes are altered or genes from other species are inserted. Genetic Organism is the process of combining genes from one organism to another. |
| What are 2 examples of Transgenic Organism? | Oraniwi- Fruits and crops are genetically modified by inserting genes of bacteria or other crops to make a new one. Fluorescent Pigs- Animals are injected with modified growth hormones to grow bigger and faster or sometimes modified to grow human organs. |
| What is something that occurs when the codon sequence in the gene segment of the DNA stand is changed in the order it was in? | Mutation |
| What is Mutagens and what causes it? | It is a radiation or substances that cause the genes to change or alter. E.x. Radiation, vaping, smoking, eating plastic |
| What happens when mutagen affect codon rather than the gene segment? | It does NOT change any traits of the organism. |
| What is a clone. | Something with the same exact cells. |
| What two pairs are always paired together? | Pairs: CG and AT |
| What is the effect of phenylketonuria? | It causes brain damage. |
| What is karyotype? | Karyotype is a micrograph of each pair of chromosome. |
Created by:
Sath
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