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Mitosis

Part C

QuestionAnswer
What is the life of a cell called? The Cell Cycle
What are the 3 parts of Interphase? 1st growth phase, synthesis phase, 2nd growth phase
What Happens in the Growth Phases? The cell is growing and developing its organelles
What happens in the Synthesis Phase? the chromosomes replicate in the nucleus; x2 chromosomes
What is a Cell Checkpoint? main points on the cell cycle where the proteins determine whether the cell should divide or not; if it doesn't pass, it's repaired or destroyed
What are the 3 Cell Checkpoints? 1. lack of nutrients to support cell growth 2. the DNA strands have not been replicated or been damaged 3. chromosomes have not attached themselves to spindle fibres and have not moved to opposite poles during anaphase
What are the 5 Phases of Mitosis? Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis
What is the first step in Mitosis? Prophase - centrioles move to opposite poles, nuclear envelope disappears, chromatin coils un into chromosomes
What is the second step in Mitosis? Metaphase - Spindle fibres attach onto the centromeres of chromosomes and line them up in the middle
What is the third step in Mitosis? Anaphase - spindle fibres retract and pull half the chromosomes towards each centriole
What is the fourth step in Mitosis? Telophase - spindle fibres are back in the centrioles, nuclear envelopes reform around both sets of chromosomes, chromosomes uncoil to chromatin
What is the fifth step in Mitosis? Cytokinesis - cell membrane pinches off in the middle and separates into 2 daughter cells
How is cytokinesis different in plant cells? Golgi body produces small vesicles, which line up between 2 nuclei forming cell plate, which grows out and joins the cell wall New wall are secreted on each side of the cell plate, dividing cytoplasm, and new cell membranes form in cell walls
Cells have a suicide gene in its DNA that activates when? Cell is damaged beyond repair or infected by virus/bacteria
How many times can a cell undergo mitosis? 50-60 times
What is Apoptosis? When cells die when it is too old to function; process is carried out by lysososomes
What are cancer cells? Cells that never die on their own, and causes DNA to become mutated, loosing its ability to function
How many times can a cancer cell undergo mitosis Unlimited Times
What is a tumor? Cells that clump together due to an uncontrollable urge to divide
Created by: Rohan Shah
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