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Genes

Part B

QuestionAnswer
How many pairs of chromosomes are humans supossed to have? 23 pairs
What do chromatins coil up to form? Chromosomes
What are the 3 parts of DNA Phosphate/ Sugar(deoxyribose)/4 nitrogenous bases
What are the 4 nitrogenous bases adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
How many nucleotides form a codon. 3 nucleotides form a codon
What is a nucleotide? A combination of 2 nitrogeous bases.
How are amino acids and protiens formed? What are they used for? Amino acids are formed by a codon. Different codons make different amino acids. There are a total of 20 amino acids. When amino acids form together they make protiens. Protiens carry out a specific task set out by DNA.
What is a gene and what is it responsible for? Genes are a segment of a DNA strand which are responsible for a certian trait in an individual.
What is Phenylketonuria(PKU)? This occours when the cell doesnt have the enzyme to digest the amino acid phenylanine found in certian protiens. Causes brain damage.
When does down syndrome occur? Downsyndrome occurs when you have an extra chromosome.
What happens when you have Huntington disease? How do you test for it? A disease that affects nerve cells so that a person loses muscle control. You can test by DNA screening an individual for the gene.
Explain what a Transgenic Organism is? A transgenic organism is a genetically modified organism whose genes are altered by genes from other species.
Explain Genetic Engineering? The process of combining genes and DNA from one organism to another.
How does a mutation occur? A mutation occurs when the codon sequence in the gene segments of the DNA strand is changed.
What is a mutagen? Give examples. A mutagen is anything that causes genes to mutate(change the codon sequence and cause a mutation). An example is radiation or smoking.
What is a clone? A clone is an exact genetic copy of another organism.
Created by: a.p_0808
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