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Genes

Part B

QuestionAnswer
How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have? 23 pairs.
What is DNA? Acid which makes up a chromosome and is responsible for instructions for a cell or organism.
What are the 3 main parts of mains of DNA? Phosphate, Sugar, and 4 nitrogenous bases.
What are the 4 nitrogenous bases? Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Guarnin (G), Cytosine (C)
What is a codon? A 3 nucleotide sequence in which the order of the nitrogenous bases make up a certain amino acid.
What is protein? Amino acids join together to form a chain(protein) which carries out a specific task set out from the DNA.
What is a Gene? A segment of DNA strand which controls a certain trait of an individual
What is Phenylkentonia When the body does not have a enzyme to digest the amino acid phenylaline found in certain proteins.
What are the Effects of Phenylkentonia? It can cause brain damage.
What is the test for Phenylkentonia? Test a baby's blood to see if they have the protein enzyme
What is Down Syndrome? A genetic disease occurs when an embroyo has an extra chromosome.
What is Karyotype? When amniotic sac fluid is withdrawn and a micro-graph of each of the pairs of chromosomes is taken.
What is Mutagens? Radiation or substances that cause the gene to mutate.
What are examples of Mutagens? Vaping, Smoking, Eating plastic
When does a Mutation occur? A mutation occurs when the codon sequence the gene segment of the DNA strand is changed in the order it was in.
What is the abnormality of Mutation? changes the protein the codon makes, which means the protein cannot do its functions properly.
What is Huntington Disease? A disease that affects nerve cells so that a person loses muscles control.
What is the test for Huntington Disease? A DNA screening of the individual for the gene.
What are the chances of getting Huntington Disease? If 1 parent has the gene, you have a 50% chance of getting the disease
What is Genetic Engineering? The process of combining genes (DNA) from one organism to another
What is Transgenic Organisms? A genetically modified organism (GMO) whose genes are altered or genes from other species are inserted.
What are example of Transgenic Organisms? A lion and a tiger breeding,
What does a Codon sequence do for a gene? Controls how the organism with a certain trait will turn out.
Created by: Mysticaf
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