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PART B - Genes

Part B for study guide.

QuestionAnswer
How many chromosomes pair does a human have? 23 pairs.
What is a chromatin? The string itself, uncoiled
What are the 3 parts of a DNA? Phosphate, Sugar ( deoxyribose ), 4 nitrogenous bases?
What are the 4 nitrogenous bases? (A) Adenine, (T) Thymine, (G) Guanine, (C) Cytosine.
What is a codon? 3 nucleotides in which the order of the nitrogenous bases makes up a certain amino acid.
How many amino acids are there that make up protein? 20 amino acids.
What is protein? Amino acid join together to create chain of protein, which carries out a specific tsk set out from DNA .
What is a Gene? A segment of a DNA strand, which controls a certain trait of n individual.
What is PKU ( phenylketonuria) The body does not have an enzyme to digest the amino phenylalanine found in a certainHo protein which causes brain damage.
How do you test PKU? a baby's blood to see if they have protein enzyme.
What is down syndrome? when a person has an extra chromosome.
How do you test down syndrome? amniotic sac fluid withdrawn and a micrograph of each of the pair chromosome is taken.
What is huntington disease? a disease that affects the nerve cells so that a person lose muscle control.
How do you test Huntington disease? A DNA screening of the individual for the gene of 1 parent has the gene you have 50% chance of gettingTr it.
What is genetic engineering? The process of combining genes ( DNA) from one organism to another.
What is transgenic organism? A genetically modified organism. whose genes are altered or genes from another species are inserted.
What are mutations? A mutation is occured when the codon sequence in the gene segment of the DNA strand is changed in the order it s in.
What are mutagens? that affect codons not in the gene segments doesn't change any traits of the organism.
What is cloning the process of creating identical genetic copies of an organism.
Created by: ylne
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