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Under the Microscope
Twig Science Volume 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| bacterium, bacteria | a microscopic, single-celled living organism that can be beneficial or harmful and cause disease |
| cardiac muscle | an involuntary, striated muscle that makes up the muscle of the heart |
| cell | the basic building blocks of life - all living things are made up of one or more cells |
| cell membrane | a layer surrounding the cell that controls which substances can enter and exit |
| cell organelle | a structure inside of a plant or animal cell that carries out a specific function |
| cell wall | a wall containing the sugar cellulose that surrounds plant cells and gives them strength and structure |
| chloroplast | a tiny part in a plant containing chlorophyll - chloroplasts are where photosynthesis occurs |
| circulatory | a body system composed of organs, such as the heart and blood vessels, that |
| cytoplasm | a jelly-like substance where chemical reactions of the cell occur |
| diabetes | a condition where a person's blood glucose levels are too high |
| digestive | the body's process of changing food into simpler forms |
| excretory | a body system composed of organs, such as the bladder and kidneys, that filter waste products from the body and excretes these from the body as urine |
| function | the purpose, role or job of a person or thing |
| fungi, fungus | a living organism that consumes organic matter and can reproduce - it can infect a living host and either benefit or harm them |
| glucose | a simple sugar, often in the form of a carbohydrate, produced through photosynthesis |
| insulin | a hormone that regulates blood glucose levels |
| leukemia | a condition that develops in the bone marrow - where blood is made |
| microorganism | an organism that is too small to see without a microscope |
| microscopic | an adjective used to describe something so small that you can only see it with a microscope |
| mitochondria | an organelle found inside cells - it breaks down food to release energy to the cell through a process called cellular respiration |
| multicellular | an adjective used to describe an organism that is made up of two or more cells |
| muscular | a body system composed of muscles that allows for movement, retains posture, and helps circulate blood |
| mutation | a change in a gene, which can cause positive or negative effects and be passed down to an organism's offspring |
| nervous system | the network of nerve cells in the body that gathers information and helps body parts communicate with each other, organized into main parts - the central nervous system, which includes the spinal cord and brain, and the peripheral nervous system, which is |
| nonliving | an adjective used to describe something that is not alive and has never lived, such as a rock |
| nucleus | the part in a cell that contains its genetic material and controls its functions, such as growth and reproduction |
| oncologist | a doctor who specializes in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of cancer |
| organ | a body structure that performs a specialized function (such as the lungs, heart, liver, or kidneys) and may have smaller structures within it (such as lens, cornea, and retina in the eye) |
| pathogen | a microorganism that causes disease by killing or damaging healthy cells |
| photosynthesis | the process by which plant cells use light to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugar, which is food for the plant |
| cilia | a very small, hair-like structure that is important for movement and signaling in the cell |
| radiologist | a doctor who specializes in diagnosing disease with special techniques and equipment |
| respiratory | a body system composed of organs, including the lungs, that allows for breathing and gas exchange |
| ribosome | a tiny round particle in a cell where proteins are made |
| skeletal muscle | a voluntary muscle that contracts and relaxes, allowing our bodies to move - most, but not all are attached to bones by tendons |
| skeletal | a body system composed of bones and joints that supports and protects the body, produces blood, stores minerals, and allows for movement |
| smooth | an involuntary muscle found in hollow organs |
| striated | a striped or streaked muscle - used to describe both skeletal and cardiac muscle |
| subsystem | a system that is part of a larger system |
| system | something made of many parts that work together to function |
| system interaction | the process by which a subsystem works with and impacts another subsystem, to keep the whole system functioning |
| tissue | the material, composed of specialized cells, that plants and animals are made up of |
| unicellular | an organism that is made of only one cell |
| vacuole | a closed sac found in plant cells which carries out a variety of functions, such as holding waste products and water |
| virus | a type of nonliving thing, it can only reproduce in a living host and can either benefit or harm them |
Created by:
aplumley
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