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Engineering Ethics
This stack focuses on all the essential information for PHL 215
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What are the 4 types of dishonesty? | Lying, Deliberate Deception, Withholding Information, and Failure to Seek the Truth |
| Lying | Intentionally/Knowingly conveying false information |
| Deliberate Deception | Misrepresenting/Exaggerating some truth |
| Withholding Information | Failure to bring up relevant information |
| Failure to Seek Truth | Accepting data as "good enough" and not inquiring further |
| What does Utilitarianism state on why dishonesty is bad? | Good, beneficial outcomes are dependent upon access to the truth. Falsehood rarely leads to good outcomes |
| What does Virtue Ethics state on why dishonesty is bad? | Honesty is a classical and modern virtue |
| What does Respect for Persons state on why dishonesty is bad? | Being dishonest infringes upon one's moral agency and lack to access of truth to make a informed decision |
| Confidentiality for engineers in private practice | Confidentiality agreements with clients |
| Confidentiality for engineers in companies | Non-disclosure agreements as condition of employment |
| What are the 4 types of intellectual property? | Patents, Trade Secrets, Copyright, and Trademarks |
| Patents | Issued by government to patent owner in public domain if invention is new, useful, and obvious |
| Trade Secrets | Formulas, patterns, and compilations of information not in public domain |
| Copyright | Protection of expression of idea, not the idea itself |
| Trademarks | Words, phrases, sounds, and symbols correlated to goods and services |
| Conflict of Interest | When a professional has interests that tend to make a professional's judgement less likely to benefit the client/customer than they are justified in expecting |
| Engineer's definition of risk | Risk = Probability * Magnitude of Harm |
| Limitations to accurately assess risk | Cannot anticipate all events, Human error, Nature of event, "a priori" (Inherent to structure of problem itself), "a posteriori"(Probabilities derived from data taken from real world), and complexity |
| Layperson's View of Risk | View from perspective of general public that has tendency to under/overestimate risk and not always based on accurate factual knowledge |
| Expert's View of Risk | General principle that guides decisions is that health and safety are higher priority |
| Communication of risk to public | 1) Alert - Any imminent danger or immediate threats 2) Inform - Provide facts so people can make better informed decisions 3) Advise - Serve as advisor on standard committees for updating codes, regulations standards in line w/ latest tech advancements |
| Intristic Value | Value that comes from within itself for its own sake |
| Instrumental Value | Value comes from outside itself (usually assigned by humans) |
| Anthropocentric Ethics | Ethics where only humans have intristic moral value |
| Non-anthropocentric Ethics | Some parts of the natural world have intristic moral value |
| Degree of Harm | Cost is not a factor in removing threats to human health, but when degree of harm is uncertain, economic factors may be considered |
| Sub-minimal Response to Environment | Doing less than what is required, not following laws/regulations |
| Minimalist Response | Companies comply with regulations; viewed as cost of doing business |
| Progressive Response | Beyond compliance; going above and beyond |
| Steps of Life Cycle Analysis | 1) Goal and Scope - Fully defining product/process 2) Inventory Analysis - Identifying inputs & outputs for product/process 3) Impact Assessment - Environmental impacts including ecological, human health, etc. 4) Interpretation - Evaluation of results |
| Sustainable Development Goals | 1) Economic Growth 2) Fair distribution of resources 3) Democratic political systems 4) Lifestyles compatible with ecological realities 5) Population levels compatible with ecological realities |
Created by:
Rhinorudolph
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