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Bio Chapter 21
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What characteristic do nematodes and arthropods have in common? | molting of cuticle |
| Mostly marine animals with radial symmetry, two germ layers, and stinging cells are called ______, which include jellyfishes, hydras, corals, and sea anemones. | cnidarians |
| Select all of the following that have gills and a cranium but lack jaws. | -hagfishes -lampreys |
| Select all the adaptations in amphibians that allowed them to become successful on land. | -simple lungs -legs -eyelids and acute hearing -denser skeleton -three-chambered heart |
| taxonomic rank that consists of radial symmetry and two germ layers in embryonic development? | Radiata |
| taxonomic rank that consists of bilateral symmetry; mouth arises from second opening in embryo? | Deuterosomes |
| taxonomic rank that consists of bilateral symmetry, protostomes, grow by periodic molting? | Ecdysozoa |
| taxonomic rank that consists of bilateral symmetry, protostomes, have characteristic larvae and DNA sequences | Lophotrochozoa |
| The ______ are the most numerous of all fishes. | bony fishes |
| What vertebrate group is characterized by four-chambered hearts, feathers, and endothermy? | birds |
| What animals have a pseudocoelom? | roundworms |
| Arthropods are characterized by? | protostome development and jointed appendages. |
| Select all of the characteristics of Phylum Echinodermata. | -deuterostome development -radial symmetry in adults -bilateral symmetry in larvae -closest animal relatives to chordates |
| Select all of the following that are in the group Bilateria. | -chordates -flatworms -roundworms -arthropods |
| What mammal group is currently the most diverse and is also called the eutherians? | placentals |
| Select the main groups of arthropods. | -mandibulates -trilobites -chelicerates |
| Select the four distinguishing features that all chordates have at some time during their lives. | -postanal tail -notochord -dorsal, hollow nerve cord -pharyngeal pouches or slits |
| At some point in their life cycle, all chordates have a postanal tail, ______, hollow nerve cord, and ______. | notochord; pharyngeal slits or pouches |
| Select all the animals that have segmented bodies. | -vertebrates -earthworms -insects |
| What is mesoglea? | noncellular, jellylike substance that acts as a hydrostatic skeleton |
| What are gastropods? | organisms that crawl on a broad, flat foot; nudibranchs, limpets, snails, and slugs |
| What are Chitons? | marine animals with 8 flat shells that overlap |
| What are bivalves? | Organisms that have a two-part, hinged shell; oysters, mussels, scallops and clams |
| What are cephalopods? | organisms that has arms connected to a head structure; squids, nautilluses, and octopuses |
| What type of animal is segmented and has protostome development? | Annelids |
| Select all the characteristics of earthworms. | -bristles on each segment -ingest soil and eliminate indigestible particles -saddlelike cocoon near head to protect eggs |
| Grasping, clawlike mouthparts of spiders and scorpions are called? | chelicerae |
| What respiratory organ of terrestrial vertebrates is homologous with swim bladders of bony fishes? | the lungs |
| Select all of the correct statements about aquatic vertebrates called fishes. | -use gills for respiration -have jaws -cartilaginous or bony skeleton |
| Nematodes are more closely related to ______ than to other phyla because both must shed and replace their tough external covering several times during development. | Arthropods |
| What kind of animal body cavity forms completely within the mesoderm? | coelom |
| One advantage of having a coelom is? | flexibility in movement. |
| Unsegmented roundworms include the? | nematodes. |
| What group contains 60,000 species, most of which are vertebrates? | Chordates |
| Select all the chordates that have a cranium. | -vertebrates -hagfish |
| Swim bladders and lungs evolved from outgrowths of the | Esophagus |
| What type of organism must rely on behaviors and the environment, rather than its own metabolism, to adjust its temperature? | ectotherm |
| Hagfishes and vertebrates are both? | Craniates |
| Select all the examples of ectotherm animals. | -most nonavian reptiles -invertebrates -fishes -most amphibians |
| The invertebrate chordates are the? | tunicates and lancelets. |
| Animals arose from a type of flagellated? | protist |
| Cylindrical, unsegmented worms with a pseudocoelom are classified into the phylum? | Nematoda |
| All animal phyla have their origins in ______ ancestors. | aquatic |
| What is a vascular water system? | a series of enclosed, water-filled canals that end in hollow tube feet. |
| What are some advantages to having more heart chambers? | The more heart chambers, the better the separation of oxygen- rich blood from oxygen-poor blood, and the greater the efficiency with which blood delivers oxygen. |
| What is a lateral line? | a sense organ that detects vibrations in nearby water & helps the fish to find prey & escape predation. |
| Most bony fish have a ____ _________, which adjusts the fish’s buoyancy when its volume is expanded or contracted. | Swim bladder |
| What are Caecilians? | are unusual amphibians: their bodies lack limbs. Thus, they resemble giant earthworms |
| What are Tuataras? | are reptiles that closely resemble lizards, all |
| What are monotremes? | are mammals that lay eggs, such as the duck-billed platypus. |
Created by:
Sydboyer15
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