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Utilizing Energy
Bio Utilizing Energy & Enzymes
Term | Definition |
---|---|
energy | required for all cellular functions growing, developing, reproducing new cells, responding to the environment, and adapting |
chloroplast | found only in plants cells that undergo photosynthesis |
photosynthesis | solar energy is transformed into glucose/sugar |
autotrophic organisms/ producers | transform solar energy into glucose |
heterotrophs/ consumers | CANNOT transform solar energy into chemical energy; eat other organisms to get energy |
mitochondrion/mitochondria | transforms glucose into useable energy during cellular respiration |
Law of Conservation of Mass | mass is NEVER created NOR destroyed; mass can only be rearranged; total mass NEVER changes |
reactant | substance that is present at the start of a chemical reaction |
product | the end result of the reaction and are written on the right-hand side of the equation |
coefficients | used to balance a chemical equation in order to follow the law of conservation of mass |
subscripts | identify how many atoms of each element are present; small number following an element; changing the subscript changes the element or compound |
enzymes | are proteins that are catalysts; enzyme attaches to a substrate it lowers the energy required to begin the chemical reaction |
catalysts | make biochemical reactions happen faster than they would otherwise |
substrates | a molecule that an enzyme reacts with; enzyme attaches to a substrate it lowers the energy required to begin the chemical reaction |
cellular respiration | transforms glucose into useable energy |