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Earth Science7
Exam Preparatin for 7th grade
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Illuminated fractions of the moon’s disc as seen from Earth are called | moon phases |
| The ____________ is composed of the Sun, planets, asteroids, comets, and other objects in orbit around the Sun. | solar system |
| An eclipse that occurs when the Moon blocks sunlight from reaching a portion of the Earth is called a ___________________. | solar eclipse |
| An eclipse that occurs when Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the moon is called a ____________________. | lunar eclipse |
| The moon both _____________ around the Earth in 27.3 days and _______________ on its axis. Because these rates are equal, the same side of the Moon always faces ________________. | revolves, rotates, the Earth |
| When the Moon is between the Earth and the Sun, this phase of the moon is known as the __________________. | new moon |
| The amount of light on the moon decreases as the phases go from the full moon to the new moon stage. These moon phases are in the ______________ stage. | waning |
| The inner planets are ___________________________. | terrestrial |
| _________________ is the closest planet to the Sun and has almost no atmosphere. | mercury |
| ____________________ is mostly made of hydrogen and helium, has many huge storms, and has 63 moons. | jupiter |
| Earth ________ once each day around an imaginary line called its _______. | rotates, axis |
| As Earth rotates, each location on Earth will face away from the Sun and have ______ and then face towards the Sun and have ___. | night, day |
| Earth’s journey around the Sun involves one _________ per year and is in the shape of an _________ orbit | revolution, elliptical |
| Earth is farther from the Sun in _______ than in __________. | July, January |
| Earth’s axis is tilted by about _______ degrees. | 23.5 |
| Parts of Earth receive more ________ when tilted toward the Sun. | light |
| This causes there to be more hours of _________ and the sunlight strikes at a _________ angle. | daylight, higher |
| As Earth orbits the Sun, different _________ are tilted toward or away from the Sun. | hemispheres |
| During the northern hemisphere _________, the southern hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun. During the northern hemisphere ___________, the northern hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun. | summer, winter |
| During ________ and ________, neither hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun. | spring, fall |
| The __________ pull of the Sun and the moon causes tides. The pull causes the Earth to _________ or lift in the direction of the sun or moon. When this happens, a ________ tide occurs near the bulge, causing ________ tides between the two bulges. | gravitational, bulge, high, low |
| _______________ has a stronger influence over the tides, due to its distance from Earth. | the moon |
| High tides alternate with low tides every ___________ hours. | six |
| A low tide is the lowest point to which water regularly _____________ on the seashore. | falls |
| A high tide is the highest point to which water regularly _____________ on the seashore. | rises |
| A spring tide occurs when the moon and the sun are ________ with Earth, causing the __________ pull on the Earth, and thus the _________ tides. | lined up, strongest, highest, lowest |
| A neap tide is the tide that occurs when the moon and the sun are _________ with Earth; these are the __________ tides. | right angles, weakest |
| How often do the highest and lowest tides occur? | every two weeks |
| The two high tides that occur during a day are not always the same height because with respect to Earth, the ________ of the moon changes, causing the moon’s _________ on the Earth to change. | angle, gravitational pull |
| Tidal heights also change on a daily basis because of the changing ___________ between Earth and the moon. | distance |
| The measure of the amount of light a star actually gives off is called a star’s | absolute magnitude |
| The measure of the amount of light from a star that is received on Earth is called a star’s | apparent magnitude |
| The unit representing the distance that light travels in one year, equal to about 9.5 trillion km is called a | light year |
| Distance __________________ as apparent magnitude __________________. | decreases, increases |
| A star with a small parallax angle is | far from Earth |
| A star with a large parallax angle is | close to Earth |
| Astronomers use parallax by measuring the position of _____________ at two different times of the year compared with the position of stars that are farther away. | the same star |
| Red stars are the __________________. | coolest stars |
| Blue-white stars are the ________________. | hottest stars |
| A yellow star has a brighter absolute magnitude than a red star. The red star appears brighter. You can conclude that the red star must be __________ to Earth than the blue-white star, because it appears ____________. | closer, brighter |
| A __________ is a large cloud of gas and dust where stars begin. | nebula |
| A _________ occurs in the late stage in the life of a low-mass main sequence star in which hydrogen in the core is depleted, the core contracts, and temperatures inside the star increase, causing its outer layers to expand and cool. | giant |
| A _______ _________ is the life stage in the life cycle of a low-mass main sequence star, formed when its core depletes its helium and its outer layers escape into space, leaving behind a hot, dense core. | white dwarf |
| A _________ _________ occurs in the late stage in the life cycle of a massive star in which the core heats up, heavy elements form by fusion, and the star expands; can eventually explode to form a supernova. | super giant |
| A _________ _______ is the collapsed core of a supernova that can shrink to about 20KM in diameter and contains only neutrons in the dense core. | neutron star |
| A _________ ________ is the final stage in the evolution of a very massive star, where the core’s mass collapses to a point where its gravity is so strong that not even light can escape. | black hole |
| From coolest to hottest, the main sequence stars are in the following order: red stars, _________ stars, _______ stars, and blue stars. | yellow, white |
| Looking at the brightness of stars, yellow stars are ____________ than red stars. | brighter |
| A supergiant star is not a main __________ star. | sequence |
| The center of a star is hot enough to cause ____________ atoms to be formed through the fusing of ____________ atoms. | helium, hydrogen |
Created by:
mary352
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