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Science Finall
Study for 7th grade science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the function of the diaphragm on a microscope? | controls the amount of light that enters a microscope |
| What is the function of the stage on a microscope? | flat area supporting slide |
| What is the function of the mirror on a microscope? | used to pass light through stage and slide |
| Name 3 differences between plant and animal cells. | Plant cells have cell walls, larger vacuoles, and chloroplasts. |
| Which objective of a microscope do you use first? | Low power objective |
| If a microscope has an eyepiece with a power of 4x and the objective power is turned to 40x, what is its total magnification? | 160× |
| What is DNA? | the code contained in the chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell |
| What is a haploid? | cell that has only one of each chromosome. |
| What is a diploid? | cell whose chromosomes come in pairs. |
| what is regeneration? | the process that uses cell division to regrow body parts. |
| What is a Hybrid? | an offspring that was given different genetic information for a trait from each parent. |
| How many pairs of chromosomes do cells in your body have (including skin cells, lung cells, muscle cells, etc)? | 23 pairs. |
| What are arteries? | blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart. |
| what are veins? | vessels that bring blood back to the heart. |
| what are capillaries? | tiny blood vessels that connect arteries and veins. |
| what are atria? | upper chambers of the heart. |
| what are ventricles? | lower chambers of the heart. |
| what is pulmonary circulation? | the flow of blood to the tissues of the lungs. |
| what is systemic circulation? | the flow of blood to all body tissues except heart and lungs. |
| what is coronary circulation? | the flow of blood to the tissues of the heart. |
| what is blood pressure? | a force exerted on the walls of blood vessels by blood. |
| what is lymph? | the water and dissolved substances remaining between cells and diffused into lymphatic capillaries. |
| How many chambers does the human heart have? | 4 |
| what are the different components in blood? | Cells, cell fragments, liquid. |
| what are the different functions of blood? | carries waste products, carries oxygen, carries nutrients, clots so you can heal. |
| which organs are included in the lymphatic system? | Spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, tonsils. |
| What is the diaphragm? | muscle beneath lungs that helps air move in and out. |
| what is the larynx? | where your vocal cords are attached. |
| what is the trachea? | cartilage rings prevent this tube from collapsing. |
| what is the alveoli? | clusters of tiny, thin-walled sacs surrounded by capillaries. |
| what is the epiglottis? | flap that covers your larynx when you swallow. |
| what is the bronchi? | two branches that carry air from the trachea to the lungs. |
| what is the urethra? | carries urine from bladder ra to outside of the body. |
| what is the bladder? | organ that holds urine until it leaves the body. |
| what are the kidneys? | organs that filter blood to remove wastes collected from all cells. |
| what is the urinary system? | made up of organs that rid your body of wastes and control blood volume. |
| name some disorders of the respiratory system. | Bronchitis, emphysema, asthma. |
| what is breathing? | air going in and out of lungs. |
| How much of your blood passes through your kidneys each day? | All. |
| what organs help your body excrete wastes? | Urinary system (bladder, kidneys, etc.), lungs, skin. |
| what are vitamins? | organic nutrients needed for growth, regulating body functions, and preventing disease. |
| what are amino acids? | building blocks of proteins. |
| what are minerals? | inorganic nutrients that regulate chemical reactions. |
| what are carbohydrates? | the main source of energy for your body. |
| what is peristalsis? | wave of muscle contractions in esophagus that moves food along digestive system. |
| what is saliva? | watery substance produced by glands in the mouth. |
| what is chyme? | watery liquid that moves from stomach to small intestine. |
| what is the esophagus? | muscular tube which food passes through to move from the mouth to the stomach. |
| what is amylase? | An enzyme in your stomach which aids in digestion. |
| what are the 6 nutrients your body needs for life? | Vitamins, Proteins, Carbohydrates, Fats, Minerals, and Water. |
| Name some examples of carbohydrates. | Sugar, Starch, Cellulose (breads, pastas). |
| Which organs aid in digestion, but food does not physically pass through them? | Pancreas, Liver, Gall Bladder. |
| How would liver damage affect the operations of the digestive system? | It would inhibit the production of enzymes necessary for digestion. |
| What is periosteum? | tight-fitting membrane that makes up outer covering of bone. |
| what is marrow? | substance that produces red and white blood cells inside bones. |
| what is cartilage? | flexible tissues without blood cells that cushions ends of bones. |
| what is ligament? | tough bands of tissue that holds bones together. |
| what are tendons? | thick bands of tissue that attach muscles to bones. |
| what are skeletal muscles? | muscles that look striped and are used to move bones. |
| what are smooth muscles? | involuntary muscles that have no striations. |
| what is melanin? | pigment that gives the skin color. |
| what are osteoclasts? | break down bone tissue. |
| what are osteoblasts? | build up bone tissue. |
| Are pivot, ball and socket,and hinge joints movable joints or immovable joints? | movable. |
| Do skeletal muscles work by themselves or in pairs? | in pairs. |
| What are the 5 functions of the skeletal system? | Provides shape and support, place for muscles to attach, protects internal organs, stores minerals, produces blood cells. |
| In what ways does skin protect your body? | Glands secrete fluids that destroy bacteria, prevents excess water loss from body tissues, prevents internal damage. |
| What are the 5 functions of your skin? | Protects, excretes wastes, forms Vitamin D, regulates body temperature, sensory response. |
| What do sweat glands release? | salt and water. |
| What do dendrites do? | They receive messages from other neurons and send them to the cell body. |
| What types of jobs is your cerebrum responsible for? | Interprets impulses from the senses. |
| Name the sense organs. | Eyes, Ears, Nose, Tongue, Skin. |
| The spinal cord is an extension of what? | Brainstem. |
| Give some examples of actions controlled by homeostasis. | Heart rate, breathing, digestion. |
| Give 3 examples of reflex responses. | Withdrawing hand from something hot, withdrawing your foot if you step on something sharp, putting arms out to brace you from falling. |
| Name the different parts of your middle ear. | Hammer, anvil, and stirrup. |
Created by:
Carolineeliz
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