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8th Universe

TermDefinition
star sphere of plasma held together by self-gravity
nebulae a cloud of gas and dust in outer space; acts as a nursery for new stars
high-mass stars more than about 8 times the mass of the Sun
low-mass stars between about 0.08 and 8 times the mass of the Sun
protostar a contracting mass of gas which represents an early stage in the formation of a star
main-sequence star forms when a protostar becomes hot enough to begin hydrogen fusion; longest stage of a star’s life cycle; example: our Sun
red giant Sun-like star; will expand in size and cool, giving it a red color
white dwarf what stars like the Sun become after they have exhausted their nuclear fuel
supernova massive star; a catastrophic explosion that expels almost all of the star’s material into space
black hole an object with all its mass compressed into a single point of infinite density
neutron star an extremely small and dense collapsed core of a massive star
Hertzsprung‐Russell Diagram a scatter plot of stars showing the relationship between the stars' absolute magnitudes (luminosities) versus their spectral class or effective temperatures
absolute magnitudes luminosity; measure of the brightness of a star
spectral class the classification of stars based on their spectral characteristics
galaxies a system of millions or billions of stars, together with gas and dust, held together by gravitational attraction
spiral galaxies have arms that spiral outward around their center; our galaxy is a spiral galaxy called the Milky Way
elliptical galaxies have no spiral arms and range from round to oval in shape
irregular galaxies have shapes that lack specific definition
Created by: NEISDSci
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