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Bowel Elimination1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Act of expelling feces (stool) | Defecation |
| What is the abnormal color(s) of stool? | Black, Yellow, Green and Clay colored |
| What is the abnormal consistency of stool? | Bulky, Hard, Dry, Watery or Pastey |
| What is the normal shape of stool? | Round and Full |
| What are the abnormal components of stool? | blood, pus, mucous and worms |
| Usually results from inactivity, poor diet, low fluid intake, an ignoring the urge to go. | Primary Constipation |
| Pathological disorder such as a bowel obstruction. | Secondary Constipation |
| Caused by medical treatments (such as prolonged narcotic use) | Latrogenic Constipation |
| Large hardended mass of stool that interfers with defecation. | Fecel Impaction |
| Desire but unable to defecate, rectal pain, and passing liquid stool. | S/S of Fecal Impaction |
| Digitally remove the stool. | Treatment of Fecal Impaction |
| An excessive accumulation of intestinal gas. | Flatulence/flatus |
| What is the cause of Flatulence? | Swallowing air while eating or sucking air through a straw, sluggish parastalsis, bacteria, gas forming foods. |
| What is the tx for Flatulence? | Attempt to ambulate or inserting a rectal tube |
| Urgent passage of watery stool | Diarrhea |
| Treatment of Diarrhea? | resting the bowel, clear liquids for 12-24 hours and bland foods |
| Oval or cone shaped and melts at body temperature. Inserted into the rectum. | Rectal Suppository |
| Soften and lubricate dry stool. | Local Effect |
| Affects the body, given when they have difficulty swallowing meds (tylenol, nausea meds) | Systemic Effect |
| Why are rectal suppositories given? | Promoted expulsion of stool, to help with nausea and vomiting and relieve a fever. |
| Different types of solution to remove stool, usually see results in 5-15 mins. | Cleansing Enema |
| Non-irritating, both are 500-1,000 ML, distends rectum, moistens stool, tap water is hypotonic and can alter electrolyte balance. Never give more than 3 at a time. | Tap Water/NSS Enema |
| Soap solution with water. Mixing about 5ml of soap with 1,000 ML of water. | Soap Suds Enema |
| Example of Fleets (sodium phosphate). Draws body fluid from body to moisten stool. 120 ml/ hang 12-20 inches above clients anus. Insert 3-4 inches. Instill solution gradually over 5-10 mins. Slow it down if cramping. | Hypertonic Saline Enema |
| Using a solution helped in with the large intestine for a prolonged period (30 mins at least) Ex: oil retention, cotton seed oil) | Retention Enemas |
| Surgically created opening. | Ostomy |
| Entrance to opening, protrudes through skin 3/4 inch-1 inch in diameter. Should be pink to red and moist. Has no nerve ending (not painful). | Stoma |
| Attaches to abdomen and stoma protrudes through opening. Usually remains in place for 3-5 days. | Faceplate/disk/wafer |
| Surgically created opening that controls the drainage of liquid stool or urine by siphoning it from and internal reservoir (Kock Pouch). Drain every 4-6 hours. | Draining a continent ostomy |
Created by:
KFreiters
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