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CNA State Exam
Certified Nursing Assistant Exam Practice Questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| being free of diease producing microbes | asepsis |
| is the most important way to pevent the spread of infection | hand washing |
| nosocomial infections | hospital acquired |
| release restraints | at least every 2 hours for 10 minutes |
| unecesary restraints | are false imprisonment |
| High Fowler's position | 90 degrees HOB up |
| Semi Fowler's position | 45-60 degrees |
| low fowler's position | 30 degrees |
| trendelenburg position | HOB down feet up doctors order needed |
| wedges, pillows and trocanter rolls | help with positioning and alignment |
| groups of cells with similar functions combine to form | tissues |
| when you help a patient walk stand on | affected side |
| a cane is used on the | unaffected or strong side |
| transfer patient on | stronger side |
| cast care includes checking for | color, motion, edema and temp |
| aorta | major atery of the body- has oxygenated blood |
| myocardial infarction | heart attack |
| largest chamber of the heart is the | left ventricle because it squeezes blood to the rest of the body |
| the use of an incentive spirometer helps to prevent | pneumonia |
| peristalsis | wave like contractions |
| small intestine | absorbs vitamins and nutrients |
| large intestine | absorbs water and electrolytes |
| cerebrum | largest part of the brain |
| post mortem care is performed | immediately after the dr pronounces the pt dead |
| a walker may be used | if the pt can support some weight |
| when applying a cold treatment observe for signs of | cyanosis |
| a surgical bead hould be left in | the highest horizontal position |
| the first step in any procedure is to | wash your hands |
| what is the best way to destroy all bacteria | sterilization |
| if a client cannot speak english the nurse aide should | ask the charge nurse to arrange for an interpreter |
| a clients elbows are red and dry you should | report this to the nurse |
| if you do not know how to do an assigned task | call the charge nurse and ask for help |
| what is the main goal of OBRA | to make sure that health care providers meet the requirements nationwide by passing a competency and skill test to provide quality care |
| objective data seen heard felt or smelled by an observer | signs |
| subjective data information that a person gives you. that you cannot observe using your senses | symptoms |
| what happens during assesment | information is collected |
| symptom | pain |
| sign | dry skin |
| a suffix is placed after a | root |
| cell | the basic unit of body structure |
| the outer layer of the skin is the | epidermis |
| allows movement | joint |
| pumps blood to the rest of the body | left ventricle |
| oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the | alveoli and capillaries |
| a person has a re wrist band this means the patient has an | allergy |
| a person has a vest restraint it is too loose if you can fit | an open hand between the vest and the person |
| clean technique | medical asepsis |
| contamination | the process of becoming unclean |
| sterile | the absence of all microbes-pathogens an non pathogens |
| lateral position | side-lying position |
| a left side-lying position in which the upper leg is flexed, the lower arm is behind the person | sims |
| back lying position -dorsal recumbent position | supine |
| position when you are lying on your stomach with head turned to side | prone |
| turning the person as a unit,in alignment , wih one motion | logrolling |
| the rubbing of one surface against another | friction |
| when skin stiks to a surface while muscles slide in the direction the body is moving | shearing |
| breathing food, fluid, vomitus or an object into the lungs | aspiration |
| clear-liquid diet | foos liquid at body temperature and that leave small amounts of residue |
| full-liquid diet | foods liquid at room temperature or melt at body temperature |
| mechanical soft diet | semi-solid foods that are eaily digeted |
| a type of illness that comes on suddely requires intense immediate treatment | acute |
| a type of illness that is long term. it it treatable but not curable | chronic |
| an illness that is life ending with no reasonable expectation of recovery | terminal |
| intentionally attempt or threaten to touch someone without consent | assault |
| the act of touching someone without consent | battery |
| right or wrong conduct, involves morals, judgements and choices | ethics |
| say or do something to trick, fool or deceive | fraud |
| making false statements orally | slander |
| making false statements in writing | libel |
| a wrongful act against a person and/or their property | tort |
| chart | flow sheet |
| at or toward he front of the body or body part | anterior |
| the part farthest from the center or from the point of attachment | distal |
| away from the midline-at the side of the body part | lateral |
| at or near te middle or midline of the body or body part | medial |
| ventral | anterior |
| dorsal | posterior |
| at or toward te back of the body or body part | posterior |
| the part nearest to the center or to the point of origin | proximal |
| pre-natal development, 2 weeks after conception to 8 weeks | embryo |
| unborn baby 8 weeks to birth | fetus |
| from birth to 4 weeks | newborn |
| tested 1 min and 5 min after birth, checks for prematurity. tests the babys color, cry, reflexes and grip | APGAR |
| uterus returns to normal size | involution |
| RACE | rescue,alarm,confine, extinguish |
| PASS | pull,aim,squeeze,sweep |
| type of fracture, closed, bone breaks and skin is intact | simple |
| type of fracture, open, bone breaks, protrudes through skin | compound |
| type of fracture, not broken completely through bone | green stick |
| communication fails when you | talk too much |
| what type of tape do you use to secure a condom catheter | elastic |
| lack of O2 level to the brain | hypoxia |
| nothing by mouth | NPO |
| filling up of gas in the bowel | distention |
| delirium is an | emergency |
| according to OBRA ,secured nursing units are | physical restraints |
| trust vs mistrust | birth to 1 yr infants oral sensory |
| autonomy vs shame and doubt | 1 to 3 yrs toddlers muscular anal |
| initiative vs guilt | 3 to 5 yrs pre school locomotor |
| industry vs inferiority | 6 to 11 yrs school age latency |
| identity vs role confusion | 12 to 18 yrs adolescence |
| intimacy vs isolation | 19 to 35 yrs young adulthood |
| generativity vs stagnation | 35 to 50 yrs adulthood |
| ego integrity vs despair | 50+ yrs maturity |
| soft spots; anterior front closes around 4 months; posterior front closes between 12-18 months | fontanelles |
| needed for feeding | rooting and sucking |
| grasping | needed for feeding |
| moro and startle reflexes | normal response to sudden loud noise, the head is liften and dropped down |
| 120-170 bpm | normal pulse range for newborn |
| 35-60bpm | norman resp rate for newborn |
| wood,paper,cloth,rubber | class a fire |
| flammable or combustible liquids, gasoline, paint | class b fire |
| electrical equipment,appliances,panel boxes | class c fire |
| a fire needs this to start and keep burning | fuel, heat and oxygen |
| a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart | artery |
| tiny blood vessel, food oxygen an other substances pass from this to cells | capillary |
| the process of phsically and chemically breaking down food so that it can be absorbed for use by the cells | digestion |
| the substance in red blood cells hat carries oxygen and gives blood its color | hemoglobin |
| a chemical substance secreted by the endocrine glnds into the bloodstream | hormone |
| a blood vessel that returns blood to the heart | vein |
| the inner layer of the skin, made up of connective tissue | dermis |
| the human body has how many bones | 206 |
| this type pf bone bears the body's weight | long |
| this type of bone allows skill and ease in movement | short |
| this type of bone protects the organs | flat |
| this type of bone allows various degrees or movement and flexibility | irregular |
| the point at which 2 or more bones meet | joint |
| is the connective tissue at the end of the long bones | cartilage |
| lines the joints | synovial membrane |
| bones are held together at the joint by strong bands or connective tissue called | ligaments |
| consists of the brain and spinal cord | central nervous system |
| involves the nerves throughout the body | peripheral nervous system |
| part of the brain that controls the highest functions of the brain | cerebral cortex |
| the ossicle that looks like a hammer is the | malleus |
| the ossicle that looks like an anvil is the | incus |
| the ossicle that looks like a stirrup is the | stapes |
| the outer layer of the heart | pericardium |
| the second layer of the heart | myocardium |
| the inner layer of the heart | endocardium |
| this is the master gland | pituitary |
| a human or animal that is a reservoir for microbes but does not have the signs and symptoms of infection | carrier |
| the process of destroying all pathogens | disinfection |
| a disease state resulting from the invasion and growth of microbes in the body | infection |
| a small livng plant or animal seen only with a microscope; a microbe | microorganism |
| unoxygenated | vena cava |
| brings unoxygenated blood to lungs | pulmonary artery |
| brings oxygenated blood to the heart | pulmonary vein |
| the lungs are separated from the abdominal cavity by a muscle called the | diaphragm |
| the smallest branch of the lung is called the | bronchiole |
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