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flashcard
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Organic | Substance containing carbon-based compound especially produced by or derived from living organism |
| Macromolecule | large molecules necessary for life that are built from smaller organic molecules |
| Monosaccharide | forms of sugar and the most basic units from which all carbohydrates are built |
| Polypeptide | a chain of amino acids |
| Activation energy | The minimum energy required for a reaction to occur |
| Catalyst | substance that speeds up a chemical reaction or lowers the temperature or pressure |
| Denature | the unfolding or breaking up of a protein modifying its standard three-dimension structure |
| Carbohydrate | organic compound used to store energy |
| Substance | the material or tissue of which a particular body part or organ is made up of |
| Amino acid | small molecules that are the building blocks of proteins |
| Cytoskeleton | a structure that helps cell maintain their shape and internal organization |
| Vacuole | A membrane-bound organelle |
| Endoplasmic reticulum | a network of membrane inside a cell through which protein and other molecules move |
| Animal cell | eukaryotic cell with a membrane-bound nucleus |
| Fungal cell | has a true nucleus internal cell structures and cell wall |
| Prokaryote/prokaryotic cell | cells that do not have true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles |
| Eukaryote/eukaryotic cell | organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other membrance-bound organelles |
| Plant cell | the building blocks of plants |
| Lysosomes | a membrane-bound cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes |
| Cell wall | a rigid external layer that is specifically designed to provide structural support and rigidity |
| Sex-linked trait | characteristics that are determined by genes located in the sex chromosomes |
| Product rule of probability | independent events occurring together can be calculated by multiply the individual probabilities of the event |
| Law of dominance | when parents with pure contrasting traits are crossed tighter only one form of the trait appears in the next generation |
| Law of independent assortment | the alleles of two (or more) different genes get sorted into gametes independently of one another |
| Law of segregation | alleles segregate randomly into gametes |
| Autosomal dominant | a way a genetic trait or condition can be passed down from parent to child |
| Codominant | a condition in which neither of two alleys of a gene is dominant or recessive |
| Incomplete dominance | form of gene interaction in which both alleles of a gene at a cloud are partially expressed often resulting in an intermediate or different phenotype |
| Ratio | a numerical comparison of how many offspring will have one phenotype versus another |
| Genotype | the genetic makeup of an organism |
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Lizethcr
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