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DNA Technology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Genetic engineering | Technology that involves transferring DNA from one organism and inserting it into another organism. |
| Genome | The total DNA present in the nucleus of each cell. |
| Restriction enzyme | Proteins that recognize and cut specific sequences of DNA. |
| Gel electrophoresis | A procedure that uses electric current to separate DNA fragments according to the size of the fragments. |
| Recombinant DNA | A newly created DNA molecule that contains DNA from different sources. |
| Plasmids | Small, circular DNA molecules that occur naturally in bacteria. |
| DNA ligase | Enzymes that join pieces of DNA together. |
| Transformation | The process of taking in recombinant DNA. |
| Cloning | The process of producing an organism or cell that is genetically identical. |
| Transgenic organism | Organisms that contain one or more genes from another organism. |
| Genomics | The study of an organism's genome. |
| Bioinformatics | Involves creating and maintaining databases of biological information. |
| Gene therapy | A technique aimed at correcting mutated genes that cause human diseases. |
| DNA fingerprint | A representation of the parts of an individual's DNA that can be used to identify a person at the molecular level. |
| Human Genome Project | An international effort in which the goal was to determine the sequence of the approximately three billion nucleotides that make up human DNA. |