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Zoology Unit 8
Zoology Unit 8 Amphibians & Reptiles
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Class Amphibia | ectothermic vertebrates with smooth, moist skin and no scales; have aquatic and terrestrial life stages |
| Class Reptilia | ectothermic vertebrates with dry, scaly skin; are evolved to life on land or dry environments |
| tetrapod | animals with 4 limbs |
| amniote | an animal that develops a membrane around the fetus in embryonic life; includes reptiles, birds, and mammals |
| metamorphosis | a series of physical changes an organism goes through during development; found in arthropods and amphibians |
| Order Caudata | tailed amphibians such as salamanders and newts |
| spermatophore | a sperm sac left by a male for a female to find and fertilize her eggs with |
| Order Anura | amphibians that lack a tail ; includes frogs and toads |
| tadpole | after the egg hatches, a frog forms this long, tailed body form with external gills and no legs |
| froglet | developmental stage of an anura that is near adulthood, but still has a tail, although it can breathe with lungs |
| frog | member of order anura; has smooth, wet skin, long legs designed for leaping, has webbed feet and is usually brightly colored |
| toads | member of order anura, with drier bumpy skin covered in warts, short and stout body and crawls or jumps rather than leaping long distances |
| amplexus | when males clasp onto the female to release sperm at the same time she releases her eggs |
| desiccation | drying out |
| salt gland | in reptiles, these structures located near the nose or eyes secrete a salty fluid; allowing for water conservation in the body |
| scales | protective structures on the skin of reptiles; help to conserve water and prevent dessication |
| Order Testudines | group of reptiles including turtles and tortoises; enclosed in a shell, have no teeth and are slow moving |
| turtle | reptile with a streamlined, light shell, flipperlike legs, webbed feet, and live in water |
| tortoise | reptile with a heavy, domed shell, short feet with bent legs, and live on land |
| Order Squamata | group of reptiles with a movile skull for manipulating prey and efficient mouth closure; includes lizards and snakes |
| lizard | terrestrial reptiles with legs; adapted especially to desert environments; includes geckos, iguanas, skinks, and chameleons |
| snakes | reptiles with elongated bodies, no legs, adapted to eat large prey, lack eyelids but have great chemical senses for hunting prey |
| kinetic skull | a head with mobile joints allowing for disarticulation of the jaw to seize large prey |
| Jacobson's organs | in the roof of the mouth of snakes, picks of chemicals from the tongue in order to "smell" |
| pit organs | heat-sensitive organs on the head of snakes that track warm-blooded prey and allow the aiming of strikes |
| neurotoxic venom | acts on the nervous system of prey to cause blindness and paralysis |
| hemorrhagic venom | breaks down blood cells and vessels and causes bleeding into the tissue spaces of the prey |
| Order Crocodilia | group of reptiles with a strong skull, muscular jaws, teeth in sockets, an elongated snout and a 4 chambered heart |
| crocodile | swift, aggressive reptiles with a V shaped snout, large body size |
| alligator | more docile reptile of its order, with a U shaped shout, smaller body size and only lives in freshwater |
| 3 chambered heart | circulatory pump of amphibians and most reptile orders |
| 4 chambered heart | most efficient circulatory pump of birds, mammals, and order crocodilia |
Created by:
Mrs. Meeks SHS
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