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Bio. CH8 TEST REVIEW
Test Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Plants gather energy with light absorbing molecules called what? | Pigments |
| The main energy-trapping organelle in plants is what? | Chloroplast |
| Energy from sunlight is trapped by electrons in the ________ located in the thylakoid. | Chlorphyll |
| What is the equation to photosynthesis? | 6CO2 + 6H20 -> C6H12O6 + 6O2 |
| Which of the following is not a part of ATP? | Glucose |
| Energy is released from ATP when ______. | a bond is broken between the second and third phosphates |
| Organisms, such as plants, that make their own food are called what? | Autotrophs |
| The enzyme that produces ATP is called what? | ATP Synthase |
| What does ATP have to do so that the energy it releases is not wasted? | combine with a protein |
| Most plants appear green because chlorophyll _____. | reflects green light. |
| Why are electron carriers needed for transporting electrons and what makes certain molecules good electron carriers? | electrons are highly reactive, but the carrier won't take much of their energy |
| How many rounds of the cycle in light-independent reactions need to occur to produce one glucose molecule? | 6 |
| What is the name of the process that creates oxygen for us to breathe and restores electrons to chlorophyll? | photolysis |
| What is the name of the enzyme that combines electrons to an electron carrier in light-independent reaction? | NADP reductase |
| If you continue to increase the intensity of the light a plant receives, what happens? | The rate of photosynthesis increases and then levels off |
| The splitting of water during photosynthesis is called what? | photolysis |
| Energy is stored in ATP when... | a bond is created between the second and third phosphates |
| What is another name for the light-independent reaction in photosynthesis? | The Calvin Cylce |
| The region outside the thylakoids where light-independent reactions occur is what? | Stroma |
| What two molecules combine to start the light-independent reactions? | Carbon Dioxide & RuBP |
| The passing of electrons along a series of proteins, releasing electron energy as they go, is known as a(n) ____. | Electron Transport Carrier (ETC) |
| What 3-carbon sugars are chemically altered to directly form glucose? | 2 PGAL (G3P) |
| What products of light-dependent reactions are used in the light-independent reactions? | |
| Where do organisms get the energy they need from? | Food molecules |
| what unit of measurement is used to express a given amount of energy? | Calories |
| How many calories is stored in each of the following macromolecules? | Carbohydrates = 4 calories Proteins = 4 calories Fats = 9 calories |
| Why does the amount of energy stored in there macromolecules vary? | because of their chemical structure |
| What is the equation to cell respiration? | 6CO2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 +6H2O + Energy |
| How much energy is still stored in chemical bonds by the end of glycolysis? | 90% |
| Where do aerobic stages occur in the cell? | mitochondria |
| Where do anaerobic stages occur in the cell? | cytoplasm |
| Where in the cell does glycolysis take place? | cytoplasm |
| How much ATP is needed for glycolysis to occur? | 2 |
| How much ATP is produced from gylcolysis? | 4 |
| What is the NET GAIN of ATP from glycolysis? | 2 |
| What other compound used for energy is produced during glycolysis and where does it go? | NADH goes to ETC |
| What is the end product of glycolysis that will continue into the next stage? | 2 pyruvic acid |
| Where in the cell does the junction between the first and second stage occur? | mitochondria |
| What compound is given off to the air during the junction? | CO2 |
| How much ATP is produced during glycolysis? | 0 |
| What other compound used for energy is produced during the junction? | NADH |
| What is the end product of the junction that will continue into the next stage? | Acetyl-CoA |
| Where in the cell does the Krebs Cycle occur? | mitochondria |
| What must Acetyl-CoA combine with to start the Krebs cycle? | Oxaloacetate |
| What is the order the compounds that will be created during the cycle before converting back to the original compound be? | Citrate - Isocitrate - a - ketoglutarate - Succinyl-CoA - Succinate - Fumerate - Malate |
| How much ATP is given off during the Krebs Cycle? | 2 |
| What other compounds used for energy are produced during the cycle AND will be sued in the third stage of the Krebs Cycle? | NADH & FADH2 |
| Which electron carrier is transferring electrons to the 1st protein in the ETC? | NADH |
| Which ETC is transferring electrons to the 3rd molecule in the ETC? | FADH2 |
| How much ATP is produced from ETC alone? | 0 |
| Where are the H+ moved to? | Intermembrane space |
| What enzyme will the H+ travel through to create ATP and where will it be found? | ATP synthase and will be found in the matrix |
| How much ATP are produced from oxidative phosphorylation? | 32 |
| What will the pyruvic acid be converted into in Lactic Acid Fermentation? | 2 lactic acid |
| How much ATP is produced overall from this fermentation alone? | 0 |
| What electron carrier is produced from lactic acid fermentation and where will it be used? | NAD+ and will be sued in glycolysis |
| Where is the end product produced and where is the end product converted back to pyruvic acid? | End product produced in muscles and converted back to pyruvic acid in the liver |
| Where does alchol fermentation mostly occur in? | bacteria and yeast |
| What will the pyruvic acid be converted to in alcohol fermentation? | Ethanol |
| How much ATP is proudcue overall from alcohol fermentation alone? | 0 |
| Which prodcut of alcohol feremntaion is released to the air? | CO2 |
Created by:
gabriella_peralta26
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