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BIO170-Cardiovascula
BIO170 - Cardiovascular objectives
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Trace the flow of blood through the systemic and pulmonary circuits: | RV thru pulmonary semilunar valve->pulmonary artery->pulmonary arterioles & capillaries->alveolus->pulmonary capillaries->pulmonary veins->LA->mitral (biscuspid) valve->LV->aortic valve->aorta->RA->tricuspid valve->RV |
| Which part of the heart is responsible for the pulmonary circuit? the systemic circuit? | pulmonary circuit is the right heart, because it pumps blood to the lungs; systemic circuit is the right heart, because it pumps blood to the rest of the body; accordingly the left ventricle is larger and has a thicker, more muscular wall |
| What are the main coronary arteries? Where do they originate? | the coronary arteries are the first blood vessels to branch from the aorta; they consist of the right coronary artery and the left coronary artery |
| Where is the right coronary artery located? What does it supply? | the right coronary artery originates from an opening called the right coronary ostium, behind the aortic seminlunar valve & wraps around the the heart from anterior to posterior; it supplies the right ventricle and the posterior surface of both ventricles |
| What are the arteries which are supplied by the left coronary artery? where do they travel? | it branches into 1) left anterior descending (LAD), aka anterior interventricular artery, which travels in the large groove between the ventricles, and 2) left circumflex which wraps the heart from the anterior to posterior surfaces of the left ventricle |
| What parts of the heart are supplied by the left coronary artery? | the LAD supplies the anterior left ventricle, the apex of the heart (of the left ventricle),the interventricular septum, and the right ventricle; the left circumflex artery supplies the posterior left ventricle |
| Why is the SA node the pacemaker? What is its intrinsic rate? | it depolarizes at the fastest rate; its intrinsic rate is approx 75 action potentials per minute |
| Describe the conduction pathway: | AV node -> Bachman's bundle -> internodal pathways -> AV node -> AV bundle (bundle of His) -> right & left bundle branches -> Purkinje fibers |
| What structure spreads the action potential from the right to left atria? from the atria to the ventricles? | Bachman's bundle from right to left atria; the internodal pathways carry the action potential from the SA to the AV nodes; the AV node is the pacemaker for the ventricles |
| What is the cartilage ring? | the fibrous skeleton of the heart, it supports the 4 hearts valves and slows the electrical impulse between the atria and ventricles |
| Where is the AV bundle located? what is its function? | the AV bundle (bundle of His) is located inside the interventricular septum; it divides into the right and left bundle branches which carry the action potential into the ventricles |
| What are the Purkinje fibers? | they are the smallest and fastest portion of the conduction pathway; they transmit the action potential wave to the upper outside corners of the ventricles |
Created by:
debmurph
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