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EOC Vocab Set 5
Vocabulary set for Bio EOC 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Fossil | The preserved remains or impressions of organisms from past geological ages |
| fossil fuels | Non-renewable energy sources formed from the remains of ancient organisms, such as coal, oil, and natural gas |
| fossil record | The collection of all known fossils, providing evidence of past life and evolutionary change |
| founder effect | The loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established by a small number of individuals from a larger population |
| Frameshift | A mutation that results from the insertion or deletion of nucleotides in a DNA sequence, causing a shift in the reading frame |
| Gamete | A haploid reproductive cell, such as a sperm cell or egg cell, that can fuse with another gamete to form a zygote |
| gap 1 (G1) | The first growth phase of the cell cycle, during which cells grow and carry out normal functions |
| gap 2 (G2) | The second growth phase of the cell cycle, during which cells prepare for cell division |
| Gene | A sequence of DNA that contains the instructions for making a specific protein or RNA molecule |
| gene expression | The process by which the information encoded in a gene is used to direct the synthesis of a functional gene product |
| gene flow | The movement of genes from one population to another through migration or interbreeding |
| gene frequency | The proportion of a particular allele in a population |
| gene mutation | A change in the DNA sequence of a gene |
| gene pool | The total collection of genes and alleles in a population |
| Generation | A group of individuals born and living at the same time |
| genetic code | The set of rules by which information encoded in DNA and RNA is translated into proteins |
| genetic diversity | The variety of genes and alleles present in a population |
| genetic drift | Changes in allele frequencies in a population due to random events or chance |
| genetic variability | The extent to which individuals in a population differ from one another genetically |
| genetic variation | Differences in DNA sequence among individuals of a species or population |
| Genome | The complete set of genetic material (DNA or RNA) present in an organism |
| Genotype | The genetic makeup of an individual organism, including its alleles for a particular gene |
| genotypic ratio | The ratio of different genotypes in a population, often expressed as the number of individuals with each genotype |
| geographic isolation | The physical separation of populations by geographical barriers, leading to reproductive isolation and the formation of new species |
| geologic record | The history of Earth's formation and development, preserved in rocks and sediment layers |
| Geosphere | The solid part of the Earth consisting of the crust, mantle, and core |
| Glucose | A simple sugar and primary source of energy for cells, produced during photosynthesis |
| Glycolysis | The anaerobic breakdown of glucose into pyruvate, producing ATP and NADH |
| Golgi apparatus | An organelle involved in processing, packaging, and distributing cellular materials, such as proteins |
| Gradualism | The theory that evolution proceeds gradually and continuously over long periods of time |
| greenhouse gas | A gas in Earth's atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range |
| Growth | The process of increasing in size, number, or complexity |
| guanine | One of the four nitrogenous bases in DNA and RNA, pairs with cytosine |
| Habitat | The specific environment in which an organism lives and to which it is adapted |
| habitat destruction | The process by which a natural habitat is altered or destroyed, often due to human activities |
| habitat fragmentation | The division of a large habitat into smaller, isolated patches, often due to human activities |
Created by:
brookebiery
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