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Exam Review 2011
Science Second Semester Exam Review 2011
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| loss of a natural habitat | habitat destruction |
| when a habitat is divided into smaller pieces by roads or buildings | habitat fragmentation |
| when a species is in danger of becoming extinct | endangered |
| when a species is in danger of becoming endangered | threatened |
| the disappearance of all members of a species from Earth | extinct |
| a species that influences the survival of many other species in an ecosystem | keystone species |
| the mating of animals in zoos or wildlife preserves | captive breeding |
| a species that is not native to an area and takes over the ecosystem | invasive exotic species |
| the number of different species in an area | biodiversity |
| 3 factors that affect biodiversity | area climate niche diversity |
| 3 threats to biodiversity | habitat destruction pollution exotic species |
| having no lines of symmetry like a sea sponge | asymmetrical |
| when an organism has many lines of symmetry like a starfish or sea anemone | radial symmetry |
| when an organism has only one line of symmetry like a frog or cat | bilateral symmetry |
| type of succession that starts from bare rock like after a volcano | primary succession |
| type of succession that occurs when there is already an ecosystem there such as after a forest fire, logging a forest, a pond filling in | secondary succession |
| the general name for the first species to appear during primary succession | pioneer species |
| type of energy found in the gears of a bicycle or engine of a car | mechanical energy |
| type of energy found in the light from a lightbulb or the light from a TV screen | radiant |
| type of energy found when you hear a guitar playing or music coming out of your ipod | sound |
| type of energy found in food, batteries, or gasoline | chemical |
| type of energy found when you plug something into an electrical outlet | electrical |
| type of energy found in stars or atomic weapons | nuclear |
| type of energy found in the heat from a fire or the heat from boiling water | thermal |
| the energy of motion | kinetic energy |
| stored energy or the energy of position | potential energy |
| the law stating that energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only change forms | law of conservation of energy |
| the units for energy | joules |
| type of change that alters the form of a substance but not its identity such as ice melting, boiling water or melting buter | physical change |
| type of change when one or more substances combine or decompose to form a new substance such as burning paper or heating sugar to form caramel | chemical change |
| the amount of matter in an object | mass |
| how much space something takes up | volume |
| amount of mass per unit volume of an object | density |
| the process where bacteria take unusable nitrogen and "fix" it into nitcogen that can be used by other organisms | nitrogen fixation |
| the bumps on the roots of certain plants that are involved in nitrogen fixation | nodules |
| what animals give off during respiration | carbon dioxide |
| what plants give off during photosynthesis | oxygen |
| layer of the atmosphere that is closest to Earth, where airplanes fly and weather happens | troposphere |
| layer of the atmosphere where the ozone layer and jet stream are located | stratosphere |
| layer of the atmosphere that is the coldest layer where meteors burn up | mesosphere |
| layer of the atmosphere that is furthest from Earth, where the Northern lights are and satellites orbit | thermosphere |
| type of air mass that brings wet and cold weather | maritime polar |
| type of air mass that brings wet and warm weather | maritime tropical |
| type of air mass that brings dry and cold weather | continental polar |
| type of air mass that brings dry and warm weather | continental tropical |
| tool used to measure temperature | thermometer |
| tool used to measure air pressure | barometer |
| tool used to measure relative humidity | psychrometer |
| tool used to measure wind speed | anemometer |
| tool used to measure the amount of rainfall | rain gauge |
| puffy, low-level clouds that indicate fair weather | cumulus |
| thunderstorm clouds | cumulonimbus |
| flat, layered clouds | stratus |
| high-level, wispy clouds | cirrus |
| a boundary between air masses | front |
| type of front that would bring storms followed by cool weather | cold front |
| type of front that would bring rain followed by warmer weather | warm front |
| the process in which water vapor in the air cools and turns into liquid water | condensation |
| the process in which water (in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail) falls from clouds in the sky | precipitation |
| the process in which liquid water warms up and becomes water vapor | evaporation |
| type of air pressure that would indicate a rainy day | low |
| type of air pressure that would indicate a sunny day | high |
| heat transfer by direct touching such as your hand touching the burner of a stove | conduction |
| heat transfer by hot air/liquid rising and cool air/liquid sinking such as boiling water on a stove | convection |
| heat transfer through space such as feeling the heat from the sun or a campfire | radiation |
| the curving of winds caused by the rotation of Earth | Coriolis Effect |
| the percent of moisture the air holds relative to the amount it could hold | relative humidity |
| lines on a map connecting areas of equal air pressure | isobars |
| lines on a map connecting area of equal temperature | isotherms |
| a breeze blowing from the land to the sea | land breeze |
| a breeze blowing from the sea to the land | sea breeze |
| wind is caused by differences in | air pressure |
| the most abundant gas in the atmosphere | nitrogen |
| layers of the atmosphere are classified by differences in | temperature |
| as altitude increases, air pressure | decreases |
| the primary cause of all weather on Earth | sun |
| 97% of Earth's water is found in | oceans |
| in which part of the U.S. is tornado alley located? | central |
| rating scale for hurricanes | Saffir-Simpson |
| rating scale for tornados | Fujita |
| major way that hurricanes cause destruction | flooding |
| major way that tornados cause destruction | high winds |
Created by:
mountaingirl38
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