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CET - Breathing

OCR A level Biology F211

QuestionAnswer
Outline inspiration. Intercostal and diaphragm muscles contract, ribcage moves upwards and outwards and diaphragm flattens, increasing thorax volume. Lung pressure decreases below atmospheric pressure. Air flows into the lungs. Active process –requires energy.
Outline expiration. Intercostal and diaphragm muscles relax, ribcage moves downwards and inwards, and diaphragm becomes curved, decreasing thorax volume. Lung pressure increases above atmospheric pressure. Air forced out of lungs. Passive process –doesn’t require energy.
TIDAL VOLUME. The volume of air in a normal breath.
VITAL CAPACITY. The maximum volume of air that can be breathed in or out.
BREATHING RATE. How many breaths are taken – usually in a minute.
OXYGEN UPTAKE. The rate at which a person uses up oxygen.
Describe a spirometer? Has oxygen filled chamber with movable lid. Person breathes through tube connected to oxygen chamber, causing lid to move up and down and movements are recorded by pen attached to chamber lid (on rotating drum). Soda lime absorbs CO2.
Why does total gas volume in spirometer decrease? Some of the air breathed out is CO2, which is absorbed by the soda lime. As oxygen is used up by respiration, total volume decreases
Created by: emm142
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