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CET - Organisation

OCR A level Biology F211 Cell Organisation

QuestionAnswer
What is a tissue? A group of cells (and any extracellular material they excrete) which is specialised to work together to carry out a particular function.
Squamous epithelium tissue? Single layer of flat cells which line a surgace. Found in many places including alveoli.
Xylem tissue? Transports water and supports plants. Contains xylem vessel cells and parenchyma cells.
Phloem tissue? Transports sucrose around plants. Made of seive cells, companion cells and some ordinary plant cells. End walls are called sieve plates.
What is an organ? A group of different tissues that work together to perform a particular function.
Lungs as an organ? Contain squamous epithelium tissue, ciliated epithelium tissue, elastic connective tissue and vascular tissue.
Leaves as an organ? Contain palisade tissue, as well as epidermal tissue and xylem and phloem tissue.
What is an organ system? Organs work together to form organ systems, each with a particular function.
The respiratory system? Made up of all the organs, tissues and cells involved in breathing, including the lungs, trachea, larynx, nose, mouth and diaphragm.
The circulatory system? Made up of all organs involved in blood supply, including heart, arteries, veins and capillaries.
Why do cells need to cooperate? Different specialised cells carry out their functions more efficiently than unspecialised cells, but they can't do everything on their own and rely on other cells for the functions they can't carry out.
Why do palisade cells need other cells? They photosynthesise well, but cannot absorb water or mineral ions from the soil and rely on root hair cells for this.
Why do muscle cells need other cells? Need oxygen for bodily movement - depend on erythrocytes to carry it from lungs.
What are transport systems used for? To carry substances between different cells.
What are communication systems for? Allow communication between cells in different parts of organism. Messenger molecules such as hormones. Animals have a nervous system - electrical signals.
Created by: emm142
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