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Bio305 Exam 2

QuestionAnswer
Which one of the following statements is FALSE? Bacteria grow best at an acidic pH between 4.5 and 5.5
Which one of the following statements is FALSE? Some bacteria, fungi, plants, and some protists use (fix) gaseous nitrogen, N2, directly from the atmosphere to meet their nitrogen needs
Which of the following is NOT correctly matched? Aerotolerant anaerobe = superoxide dismutase -, catalase -
Most bacteria reproduce (replicate) in a process known as? Binary fission
Which group of microorganisms is most likely to spoil fish preserved in brine (saltwater)? Halophiles
An experiment began with 2 cells and went through 9 generations. What is the final number of cells? 1,024
Which of the following are organisms that can perform aerobic respiration but can tolerate conditions in which oxygen is absent? Facultative anaerobes
Which of the following descriptions best describes the "lag" phase of a typical bacteria growth curve? The cells are adjusting to their environment, replication is minimal
For the equation Nf = Ni2n, the variable "n" represents what? The number of generations
Human beings are? Obligate aerobes
What ingredient would you not need if you were growing a photoautotroph? Glucose
A culture medium consisting of agar, human blood, and beef heart is a- Complex medium
A health officer uses the bacteria from the water to inoculate media specially formulated to facilitate the growth of enterics (growth bacteria) and to change color when they do so. This type of media would be describe as? Selective media and differential media
Which of the following temperatures might be optimal for the growth of a thermophile? 60 C
The term that best describes a microbial community is? Biofilm
Enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase are important because? They eliminate reactive oxygen species and they allow an organism to tolerate an aerobic environment
Which disease(s) can be caused by Streptococcus infections? Necrotizing fasciitis (flesh eating disease) and rheumatic fever
Which of the following is a DIRECT method of measuring microbial growth? Serial dilution and plate counting
Which of the following influences the effectiveness of a chemical disinfectant? The type(s) of microorganisms involved, the temperature, the time of exposure, the number of microorganisms
Which of the following is a halogenating agent? Iodine
Ultra-violet light preferentially causes damage to which of the following structures? Nucleic acids
Which of the following is routinely used in labs and clinics to sterilize small volumes of heat-sensitive solutions and media? Membrane filtration
Quaternary ammonium compounds (quats) preferentially cause damage to which of the following structures? Plasma membranes
Which of the following is considerable bacteriostatic, not bacteriolytic? Refrigeration
Which statement best describes Decimal Reduction Time? The minimal amount of time at a given temperature for 90% of bacteria to be killed
Which statement about antiseptics is/are generally TRUE? They sanitize objects rather than sterilize them, they are safe to use on human/animal tissues, their effectiveness depends on environmental conditions such as temperature and pH
A food preservative like benzoic acid inhibits bacterial growth because: The enzymes involved in fermentation are inhibited
A high concentration of sugar inhibits most bacterial growth because: The hypertonic environment causes cells to dehydrate and stop replicating
All of the following have to be killed in order to achieve sterilization. In general, which is considered the most difficult to destroy? Bacterial endospores
Which genus forms endospores and causes botulism? Clostridum
Which of the following statements about Salmonella is/are TRUE? It is a gram negative organism, it is commonly found in the intestine of animals such as birds and lizards.
Which of the following can be used as a sterilant (a chemical agent that achieves sterility)? Formaldehyde
Which of the following can cause an infection of the small intestine in humans (food infection)? Salmonella
Robert Koch is known as the "father of bacteriology". Which of the following did he NOT accomplish? Developed several successful vaccines including one against tuberculosis.
Which statement about Mycobacterium tuberculosis is/are TRUE? It is the causative agent of tuberculosis, it is described as an "acid-fast" organism due to mycolic acids in its cell wall, it grows very slowly relative to other bacteria that infect humans
Which of the following statements is FALSE? The lagging strand of DNA is synthesized as "Okazaki fragments" and RNA primers are not needed
Assume 100 E. coli cells in log phase of growth are transferred to a medium containing radioactive Thymine. After 2 or more complete generation times, what percentage of the E coli cells will contain radioactive thymine incorporated into their DNA? 100%
Which of the following would be found in bacteria? Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Which of the following statements regarding mRNA translation in bacteria is/are FALSE? The first amino acid incorporated into a protein is always methionine - just like eukaryotes.
The antimicrobial drug ciprofloxin (a fluoroquinolone) inhibits which process? Replication/division
According to the operon model, for the expression of a repressible operon to occur, the- End product must not be in excess.
Under which of the following conditions will the repressor protein of the lac operon be inactive (not inhibitory)? Lactose present/glucose present, Lactose present/glucose absent
Which of the following is involved in regulation of the tryp operon? Repressor protein, operator sequence (O), tryptophan
Which of the following statements regarding DNA mutations is FALSE? The rate of mutation is zero unless an organism is exposed to mutagens..
During transcription in prokaryotes, RNA polymerase initially interacts with what region? The promoter (P) site.
Which of the following types of mutations creates a stop codon? A nonsense mutation.
Which of the following describes the uptake of DNA, particularly plasmids, from the environment? Transformation
Regarding bacterial conjugation, which of the following is FALSE? A donor cell may or may not possess an F factor.
Which statement(s) concerning transposons is/are TRUE? A complex transposon can carry genes from one chromosome to another, an insertion sequence is the simplest type of transposon, a complex transposon can carry genes from a plasmid to a chromosome of a cell.
Created by: awalters63
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