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Rocks Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| basalt | a dark, dense, igneous rock with fine texture, found in oceanic crust |
| cementation | the process in which minerals precipitate into pore spaces between sediment grains and bind sediments together to from rocks |
| compaction | the process by which sediments are pressed together under their own weight |
| deformation | when rocks change shape due to stress |
| disposition | process by which sediments is laid down in new locations |
| erosion | processes by which rock, sand, and soil are broken down and carried away (I.e weathering, glaciation) |
| granite | a usually light colored igneous rock that is found in continental crust |
| igneous rock | a type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface |
| limestone | a sedimentary rock consisting mainly of calcium that was deposited by the remains of marine animals |
| mantle | the layer of hot, solid materials between Earth's crust and core |
| marble | metamorphic rock that was once limestone |
| metamorphic rock | rock that has been changed by heat and pressure |
| metamorphism | the process by which rocks are changed in composition , texture, or structure by extreme heat and pressure |
| mineral | a naturally occurring solid that can form by inorganic processes and has crystal structure and a define chemical composition |
| quartzite | a metamorphic rock formed by sandstone |
| sandstone | a sedimentary rock made of sand held together by a natural cement |
| rock cycle | a series of processes on the surface and inside Earth that slowly changes rock from one kind to another |
| sediment | small, solid pieces of material that come from rocks or living things |
| sedimentary rock | a type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together |
| shale | a rock with fine grain formed from clay, mud, or silt |
| slate | a type of metamorphic rock that was once shale rock formed by heat and pressure |
| weathering | the breaking down of rocks and other materials on the Earth's surface |
| uplift | the rising of regions of the Earth's crust to higher elevations |
| sedimentation | the building up of layers of small particles like sand or mud |
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