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Rocks Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Basalt A dark, dense, igneous rock with a fine texture, found in oceanic crust.
Cementation The process in which minerals precipitate into pore spaces between sediment grains and bind sediments together to from rock.
Compaction The process by which sediments are pressed together under their own weight.
Deformation when rocks change shape due to stress.
Deposition Process by which sediments is laid down in new locations.
Erosion Processes by which rock, sand, and soil are broken down and carried away (i.e. weathering, glaciation)
Granite A usually light colored igneous rock that is found in continental crust.
Igneous Rock A type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface.
Limestone A sedimentary rock consisting mainly of calcium that was deposited by the remains of marine animals.
Mantle The layer of hot, solid material between Earth's crust and core.
Marble Metamorphic rock that was once limestone.
Metamorphic Rock Rock that has been changed by heat and pressure.
Metamorphism The process by which rocks are changed in composition, texture, or structure by extreme heat and pressure.
Mineral A naturally occurring solid that can form by inorganic processes and has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition.
Quartzite A metamorphic rock formed from sandstone.
Sandstone A sedimentary rock made of sand held together by a natural cement.
Rock Cycle A series of processes on the surface and inside Earth that slowly changes rocks from one kind to another
sediment Small, solid pieces of material that come from rocks or living things.
Sedimentary Rock A type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together.
Shale A rock with a fine grain formed clay, mud, or silt.
Slate A type of metamorphic rock that was once shale rock formed by heat and pressure.
Weathering The breaking down of rocks and other materials on the Earth's surface.
Uplift The rising of regions of the Earth's crust to higher elevations.
Sedimentation The building up of layers of small particles like sand or mud.
Created by: user-1792278
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