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Rock Cycle Vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Basalt | a dark, dense, igneous rock with a fine texture, found in oceanic crust |
Cementation | the process in which minerals precipitate into pore spaces between sediment grains and bind sediments together to form rock |
Compaction | the process by which sediments are pressed together under their own weight |
Deformation | when rocks change due to stress |
Deposition | process by which sediment is laid down in new locations |
Erosion | processes by which rock, sand, and soil are broken down and carried away (I.e. weathering, glaciation) |
Granite | a usually light colored igneous rock that is found in continental crust |
Igneous Rock | a type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface |
Limestone | a sedimentary rock consisting mainly of calcium that was deposited by the remains of marine animals |
Mantle | the layer of hot, solid material between Earth's crust and core |
Marble | metaphoric rock that was once limestone |
Metaphoric Rock | rock that has been changed by heat and pressure |
Metamorphism | the process by which rocks are changed in composition, texture, or structure by extreme heat and pressure |
Mineral | a naturally occurring solid that can form by inorganic processes and has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition |
Quartzite | a metamorphic rock formed from sandstone |
Sandstone | a sedimentary rock made of sand held together by a natural cement |
Rock Cycle | a series of processes on the surface and inside Earth that slowly changes rock from one kind to another |
Sediment | small, solid pieces of material that come from rocks or living things |
Sedimentary Rock | a type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together |
Shale | a rock with a fine grain formed from clay, mud, or silt |
Slate | a type of metamorphic rock that was once shale rock formed by heat and pressure |
Weathering | the breaking down of rocks and other materials on the Earth's surface |
Uplift | the rising of regions of the Earth's crust to higher elevations |
Sedimentation | the building up of layers of small particles like sand or mud |