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Chpt 2 section 1 & 2

TermDefinition
Weathering Process that breaks down rock and other substances at Earth’s surface due to heat, cold, water, and ice.
Erosion The movement of rock particles by wind, water, ice, or gravity.
Mechanical weathering A type of weathering in which rock is physically broken into smaller pieces (ex: freezing and thawing, growth of plants, etc...)
Abrasion The grinding away of rock by rock particles carried by water, ice, wind, or gravity.
Ice wedging Wedges of ice in rocks widen and deepen cracks.
Chemical weathering The process that breaks down rock through chemical changes. Ex. = water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and acid rain
Permeable A material that is full of tiny, connected air spaces that allow water to seep through it.
Soil The loose, weathered material on Earth’s surface in which plants can grow
Bedrock The solid layer of rock beneath the soil.The solid layer of rock beneath the soil.
Humus The dark-colored substance that forms as plant and animal remains decay.
Loam Soil that is made up of about equal parts of clay, sand, and silt.
Soil horizon A layer of soil that differs in color and texture from the layers above or below it
Topsoil Mixture of humus, clay, and other minerals that forms the crumbly, topmost layer of soil.
Subsoil The layer of soil beneath the topsoil that contains mostly clay and other minerals.
Litter The loose layer of dead plant leaves and stems on the surface of the soil.
Decomposer Organisms that break the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and digest them with chemicals.
Created by: mcmoreari12
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