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SUMMERY SHEETS
Chapter 2- Earth' changing surface
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define weathering. Create a list of things that contribute to weathering. | Weathering is the process in breaking rock and rock particles down. Heat, cold, water, and ice. |
| Define erosion | Erosion is the force that carries rock. |
| How are weathering and erosion different in your own words? | One carries rock and the other breaks it apart. |
| Name the two types of weathering. | Chemical and mechanical weathering. |
| Describe the process of “ice wedging”? | Wedges of ice that widen and deepen into cracks of rocks. |
| What is mechanical weathering? | Physically being broken into smaller pieces of rock. |
| What is chemical weathering? | The process that breaks down rocks chemically. |
| As mechanical weathering breaks rock into smaller pieces, . . . (finish the sentence on the right side.) | More surface area becomes exposed to chemical weathering. |
| List 5 things that are important for chemical weathering or cause chemical weathering. (hint - purple letters) | Water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, living organisms, and climate. |
| What determines the rate of weathering? | The type of rock and the climate. |
| Why do permeable rocks weather more quickly? | Because tiny connected air spaces allow water to seep in. |
| What type of climate does chemical weathering occur the fastest? | Higher temperatures. |
| What is soil? How does soil form? | The loose weathered material on Earth’s surface. When a rock is broken down by weathering and mixes with other materials on the surface. |
| What is bedrock? | A solid layer of rock beneath the soil. |
| Soil is composed of what? | Rock particles, minerals, decayed organic material, air, and water. |
| What is humus? | A dark-colored substance that forms when plants and animals remains decay. |
| What is the texture of sand? What is the texture of clay? Define loam. | Coarse and grainy. Smooth and silky. Soil that is made up of about equal parts of clay, sand, and silt that has a crumbly texture that can hold both air and water. |
| Gradually, soil develops layers of allied soil horizons. Look at the diagram at the bottom of the page. Tell me the name of the layers in the diagram. | Bedrock, C horizon, B horizon, and A horizon. |
| What type of climate does soil form more quickly? What type of climate does soil form more slowly? | Warmer climate. Colder climate. |
| List the organisms that are found in the soil on the diagram. | Insect larvae, burrowing animals, earthworms, chipmunks in dens, bacteria, and fungi. |
| What is a decomposer? | The organisms that break the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and digest them with chemicals. |
| What are the main soil decomposers? | Fungi, protists, bacteria, and worms. |
| Looking at the map, what type of soil contains a lot of humus? | Prairie soil/soil in the prairie. |
Created by:
elkinsana12
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