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Lab Quiz 2
lab quiz 2 flashcards for enzymes & digestion
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| mouth & salivary glands | - saliva moistens food - bicarbonate maintains pH - amylase digests starch - lysosome inhibits bacteria |
| esophagus | - moves food from pharynx to stomach |
| stomach | - stores & mixes food - begins chemical digestion of protein w/ eznymes & acid - regulates delivery to small intestine |
| liver | - produces bile - processes & stores nutrients |
| gallbladder | - stores & concentrates bile |
| pancreas | - secretes digestive enzymes into small intestine - secretes bicarbonate into small intestine to neutralize stomach acid |
| small intestine | - digests proteins, fats, carbohydrates - absorbs water & nutrients - secretes digestive hormones & enzymes |
| large intestine | - absorbs last of water & nutrients - stores waste material |
| rectum & anus | - passageway for feces - expels undigested material |
| the digestive system's 4 main components | - gastrointestinal tract - pancreas, gallbladder, liver - enzymes, hormones, nerves, blood - mesentery |
| digestive process: mouth | 1. saliva secreted 2. saliva + chewing = moist lump (bolus) 3. enzymes break down starch |
| digestive process: esophagus | 1. bolus goes down esophagus to reach stomach 2. nerves in the tissue trigger "peristalsis" (series of defined muscular contractions) |
| digestive process: stomach | 1. bolus reaches stomach 2. bolus pounded into chunks 3. cells in lining secrete hormones 4. acids release to dissolve bolus & proteins 5. pancreas, liver, gallbladder produce bile 6. bolus has become chyme |
| digestive process: small intestine | 1. liver sends bile to gallbladder 2. bile secreted into small intestine 3. fat in chyme is dissolved 4. fat molecules turn into fatty acids & glycerol 5. enzymes turn: - proteins into amino acids - carbohydrates into glucose |
| digestive process: large intestine | 1. last of fluid drains through intestinal wall 2. stool is created |
| digestive process: rectum & anus | 1. stool reaches rectum 2. nerves sense stool 3. stool exits through anus |
| chemical indicator | a substance that changes color to show presence of another chemical |
| test for glucose: if glucose is present and we add [ ], what happens? | Benedict's solution solution turns RED |
| test for starch: if starch is present and we add [ ], what happens? | potassium triiodide solution turns BLACK |
| test for protein: if protein is present and we add [ ], what happens? | Biuret reagent solution turns DARK PURPLE |
| test for lipids: if lipids are present and we add [ ], what happens? | Sudan IV solution turns DARK RED (dark red layer above lighter red layer) |
Created by:
anna_banana7
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