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Mitosis Only

Mitosis

TermDefinition
Chromatin uncoiled DNA
Chromosome DNA-containing structure that carries genetic material from one generation to another
Cytokinesis third main stage of the cell cycle, during which the cell's cytoplasm divides, creating a new cell
Interphase first stage of the cell cycle and longest, during which a cell grows, matures, and replicates its DNA
Anaphase third stage of mitosis in which sister chromatids are pulled apart and microtubules, along with motor proteins, move the chromosomes to opposite poles of the cell
Centromere cell structure that joins two sister chromatids
Metaphase second stage of mitosis in which motor proteins pull sister chromatids to the cell's equator
Prophase first stage of mitosis, during which the cell's chromatin condenses into chromosomes; chromosomes condense, spindle fibers develop, the nuclear membrane disappears, centrioles separate
Sister Chromatid structure that contains identical DNA copies and is formed during DNA replication
Telophase last stage of mitosis in which nucleoli reappear. Two new nuclear membranes begin to form, but the cell has not yet completely divided.
Cell cycle The stages that take place between the time a eukaryotic cell divides and the time the daughter cells divide. (stages of growth, preparation, and division (Interphase and Mitosis)
Gap 1 (G1) In interphase - cell grows rapidly and performs regular cell functions
S phase The "synthesis" phase of the cell cycle; the portion of interphase during which DNA is replicated. (doubles each chromosomes)
Gap 2 (G2) Final preparation phase. Organelles double, cell checks for DNA errors. (Prepares for Mitosis)
Metaphase 1. Second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell. 2. Spindle attach to the sister chromatids from opposite poles
Anaphase 1. Third phase of mitosis in which sister chromatids are pulled to opposite sides of the cell 2. Spindle fibers shorten
Telophase 1. Chromosomes unwind 2. Spindle fibers disappear 3. nuclear envelope reappears 4. cleavage furrow or cell plate is present
Chromatids Bodies of tightly coiled chromatin; visible during cell division. Two chromatids bound at a centromere make a CHROMOSOME.
Spindle fibers Special strands of microtubules which grow out of the centrioles, connect to chromosomes at the centromeres, and pull them apart during (anaphase) of mitosis.
Mitosis is the division of the ___________. eukaryotic nucleus that occurs when a parent cell divides to produce two identical daughter cells.
Cytokinesis is the division of the __________. cytoplasm
How many chromosomes do humans have? 46
What is the function of DNA? genetic instructions for the development and function of living things.
Where in the cell is DNA found? nucleus
When does DNA replicate? DNA replication occurs in the S phase of the cell cycle.
At which stage of mitosis are chromosomes lined up at the equator? Metaphase
Checkpoint A control point in the cell cycle where stop and go-ahead signals can regulate the cycle.
Cell division mechanisms in normal cells is in the "off" position
cell division is regulated by physical and chemical mechanisms
G0 phase A nondividing state in which a cell has left the cell cycle.
mitosis A nuclear division resulting in the production of two somatic cells having the same genetic complement as the original cell.
centrioles organelle that aides in cell division
cell plate A double membrane across the midline of a dividing plant cell, between which the new cell wall forms during cytokinesis.
cleavage furrow The area of the cell membrane that pinches in and eventually separates the dividing cell
G1 checkpoint checks to see if a cell is healthy and has grown to a suitable size and if so proteins will initiate DNA synthesis.
G2 checkpoint asses if DNA replication has occured; the go ahead signal triggers mitosis
mitosis checkpoint If a cell passes this checkpoint, proteins signal the cell to exit mitosis
DNA the blueprint by which proteins are made
proteins do the work of the cell and are what is produced from the DNA.
longest phase of mitosis prophase
Created by: brookebiery
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