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Cellular Energy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| process using sunlight energy to make glucose | photosynthesis |
| cellular energy made by mitochondria | ATP |
| process using glucose to make chemical energy (ATP) | cellular respiration |
| cell organelle where cellular respiration happens (only last 2 stages) | mitochondria |
| cell organelle where photosynthesis happens | chloroplast |
| green pigment in chloroplast of plants | chlorophyll |
| organisms that do photosynthesis | plants and algae (organisms) |
| organisms that do cellular respiration | plants and animals (organisms) |
| part of plant where photosynthesis happens | leaves |
| part of plant where water enters plant | roots |
| starting gas used to do photosynthesis | carbon dioxide |
| ending gas that is released as waste during photosynthesis | oxygen |
| simple sugar made during photosynthesis | glucose ( C6H12O6 ) |
| macromolecule made from a long chain of glucose molecules | carbohydrate |
| gel-like substance that fills inside of a chloroplast ; similar to cytoplasm | stroma |
| light is needed to break down water & release oxygen as waste | light dependent reactions |
| light is NOT needed to use Hydrogen (H+) ions & carbon dioxide to make glucose | light independent reactions (Calvin Cycle) |
| a stack of thylakoids that capture light energy from the sun | grana |
| 1st step of cellular respiration ; glucose is split into pyruvate | glycolysis |
| 2nd step of cellular respiration ; pyruvate --> carbon dioxide | Krebs Cycle |
| 3rd step of cellular respiration ; high-energy electron carriers produce about 32 ATP | Electron Transport Chain |
| means without oxygen ( first stage of cellular respiration is this) | Anaerobic |
| means with oxygen (last 2 stages of cellular respiration are this) | Aerobic |
| jelly-like substance inside a cell ; is where glycolysis happens | cytoplasm |
| this process happens after glycolysis if oxygen is NOT present | fermentation |
| type of cells that have the most mitochondria | muscles |
| this is the product of fermentation in animal cells | lactic acid |
| this is the product of fermentation in plant cells | alcohol |
| movement of water molecules from high to low concentration | osmosis |
| movement of anything not water from high to low concentration | diffusion |
| movement from high to low with the help of transport protein gates (always open) | facilitated diffusion |
| the movement from low to high concentration ; requires ATP | active transport |
| movement of large molecules into the cell moving low to high | endocytosis |
| movement of large molecules out of the cell moving low to high | exocytosis |
| any movement from high to low that happens without using energy (ATP) | passive transport |
Created by:
cadetjt
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