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3QBioFungi
Third Quarter Biology 3 Long quiz1- Fungus reviewer
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Fungi are mostly _________________: organisms that derive nutrients from decaying organic matte | saprobes or saprophytes |
| The body structures of fungi are of two types: | multicellular filaments and unicellular (yeasts). |
| ________ often grow and thrive in moist environments where there is abundant supply of soluble nutrients, such as sugars and amino acids | Single-celled (unicellular) yeasts |
| Multicellular fungi have enhanced ability to absorb nutrients from their environment due to the presence of _____________________ | hypha (plural hyphae) |
| _________________ consist of chitinous tubular cell walls that enclose the cell membrane and cytoplasm of the cells. | Hyphae |
| The component __________ strengthens the cell walls and enhances absorption of nutrients from the surroundings | chitin |
| Hyphae in fungi have two forms: | septate hyphae and coenocytic (aseptate) hyphae |
| Septate hyphae are characterized by the presence of cross-walls called -________________ | septa (singular septum) |
| ____________ have pores that allow the flow of nutrients throughout the entire mycelium, increase the stability of a hypha, and preserve the rest of the hypha when one of its cells is injured | septa |
| __________have a continuous cytoplasmic mass due to the absence or lack of septa The absence of septa in aseptate hypha allows a quick transport of nutrients throughout the entire hypha. | Coencytic hyphae |
| ___________ is an interwoven mass of fungal hyphae. | mycelium |
| _________ infiltrates the food source, making a very efficient feeding by increasing the surface-to-volume ratio | mycelium |
| Some fungi have specialized branching hyphae such as ________ that are used to exchange nutrients between fungi and their plant hosts | arbuscules |
| mutually beneficial relationships or known as __________ between fungi and plant roots | mycorrhizae |
| _______ improve the delivery of nutrients from the soil to the plants. In return, plants supply the fungi with organic nutrients such as carbohydrates | Mycorrhizal fungi (fungi that form mycorrhizae) |
| Mycorrhizal fungi have two main types: | ectomycorrhizal fungi and arbuscular mycorrhizal (endomycorrhizal) fungi |
| ____________ fungi form a network of hyphae over the surface of the plant roots, | Ectomycorrhizal |
| ____________ fungi extend their hyphae through the cell wall of the plant roots | arbuscular mycorrhizal |
| is a monophyletic group, spore-producing eukaryotic heterotrophs with chitinous cell walls. | Kingdom Fungi |
| Fungi are classified into five phyla based on their sexual reproductive structures: | : Chytridiomycota, Zygomycota, Glomeromycota, Ascomycota, and Basidiomycota. |
| are the earliest lineage (most primitive) of fungi | Phylum Chytridiomycota (Chytrids) |
| Members of this phylum are the only fungi with flagellated spores and have coenocytic hyphae. | Phylum Chytridiomycota (Chytrids) |
| They reproduce asexually by zoospores that are produced in zoosporangia. | Phylum Chytridiomycota (Chytrids) |
| They are common in lakes, ponds, and soils | Phylum Chytridiomycota (Chytrids) |
| Phylum: An example is Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis | Phylum Chytridiomycota (Chytrids) |
| have coenocytic hyphae. | Phylum Zygomycota (Zygomycetes) Phylum Glomeromycota (Glomeromycetes) |
| Members of this phylum are characterized by the presence of protective zygosporangium (plural, zygosporangia) as sexual stage, where zygotes produce haploid spores by meiosis | Phylum Zygomycota (Zygomycetes) |
| They are commonly known as bread molds or common molds that grow on meat, cheese, bread | Phylum Zygomycota (Zygomycetes) |
| The most common example of this Phylum is Rhizopus stolonifer | Phylum Zygomycota (Zygomycetes) |
| [phylum] form arbuscular mycorrhizae with plants | Phylum Glomeromycota (Glomeromycetes) |
| An example is Gigaspora margarita | Phylum Glomeromycota (Glomeromycetes) |
| have septate hyphae and some yeasts | Phylum Ascomycota (Ascomycetes) |
| Members of this phylum form saclike structures called asci (singular, ascus) that produce sexual spores, called ascospores | Phylum Ascomycota (Ascomycetes) |
| They live in marine, freshwater, and terrestrial habitats. Some live with green algae or cyanobacteria in symbiotic associations called lichens. | Phylum Ascomycota (Ascomycetes) |
| They are commonly known as sac fungi | Phylum Ascomycota (Ascomycetes) |
| [phylum] An example is Talaromyces flavus | Phylum Ascomycota (Ascomycetes) |
| have septate hyphae. | Phylum Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes) |
| Members of this phylum form club-shaped structures called basidia (singular, basidium) that produce sexual spores. | Phylum Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes) |
| They live in terrestrial habitats and are important decomposers of wood and other plant materials | Phylum Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes) |
| They are commonly known as club/cup fungi. Mushrooms are members of this phylum | Phylum Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes) |
| Fungi derive nutrients through ________ with the aid of digestive enzymes | absorption |
| Fungi derive nutrients through absorption with the aid of ____________. | digestive enzymes |
| __________________fungi have hyphae that enhance their ability to absorb nutrients from their environment. | Multicellular |
| Phylum _________ has coenocytic hyphae and produce flagellated spores | Chytridiomycota |
| Phylum _________ has coenocytic hyphae and is characterized by the presence of protective zygosporangium. | Zygomycota |
| Phylum __________ has coenocytic hyphae and forms arbuscular mycorrhizae with plants. | Glomeromycota |
| Phylum _____________ has septate hyphae and forms saclike structures called asci that produce ascospores. | Ascomycota |
| Phylum ____________ has septate hyphae and forms club-shaped structures called basidia that produce sexual spores. | Basidiomycota |
| food storage of fungi | lipid or glycogen |
| What kind of life cycle does fungi have? | Haplontic life cycle |
| What do you call the hardened mycelium that is a sign of the fungi's dormancy, typically caused by environment wherein the fungi experiences desiccation | sclerotium |
Created by:
Aeon
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