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ECOLOGY - KEY TERMS

TermDefinition
Ecology The scientific discipline in which the relationships among living organisms and the interactions the organisms have with their environment are studied
Biosphere The portion of earth that supports life
Biotic Factor The living factors (or previous living factors) in an organisms environment
Abiotic Factor The nonliving factors in an organisms environment (Ex, sand air water, soil, rocks, pH)
Population Individual organisms of a single species that share the same geographic location at the same time
Biological Community A group of interacting populations that occupy the same geographic area
Ecosystem Biological community and all the abiotic factors that effect it
Biome Large group of ecosystems that share the same climate and have similar types of communities
Habitat An area where an organism lives
Niche Role or position that an organism has in its environment
Predation The act of predators
Symbiosis The close relationship that exists when two or more species live together
Mutualism The relationship between two or more organisms that live closely together and benefit from eachother
Commensalism Relationship where one organism benefits and the other is neither helped or harmed
Parasitism Symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits at the expense of another
*Autotroph Organism that collects energy from the sunlight or inorganic substances to produce food
*Heterotroph Organism that gets energy by consuming other organisms
Herbivore Organism that eats plants
Carnivore Organism that eats other organisms or meat
Omnivore Organism that eats both plants and meat
Detrivore Organism that eats fragments of the dead (worms/insects)
Decomposers Organisms that break down the organic matter by using enzymes (fungi/bacteria)
Trophic Level Each step in a food chain / food web
Food Chain Model that shows how energy flows through an ecosystem
Food Web Model representing the many interconnected food chains and pathways which energy flows
Biomass The total mass of living matter at each trophic level
Created by: izzy hunter
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