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N2 full list words
N2 words
| JP | romanji | ENG |
|---|---|---|
| 暴れる | abareru | to act violently; to rage; to struggle; to be riotous |
| 溢れる | afureru | to overflow; to brim over; to flood |
| 愛着 | aichaku | attachment; love; covetous affection |
| 合間 | aima | interval; break; pause; spare moment |
| 曖昧 | aimai | vague; ambiguous; unclear |
| 愛らしい | airashii | pretty; charming; lovely; adorable |
| 愛社 | aisha | devotion to one’s company |
| 相性 | aishou | affinity; compatibility |
| 相次いで | aitsuide | one after the other; successively |
| 愛用 | aiyou | favorite; habitually used |
| 味付け | ajitsuke | seasoning; flavor |
| 赤字 | akaji | being in the red; deficit; red letter; red writing; corrections by a teacher or proofreader written in red |
| 飽き | aki | weariness; boredom; tedium; tiresomeness |
| 空き地 | akichi | vacant land; unoccupied ground; empty lot |
| 諦め | akirame | resignation; acceptance; consolation |
| 悪化 | akka | suffer deterioration; growing worse; aggravation; degeneration; corruption |
| 憧れ | akogare | yearning; longing; aspiration; adoration; admiration |
| 憧れる | akogareru | to long for; to yearn after; to admire; to be attracted by |
| 悪影響 | akueikyou | bad influence; negative influence |
| 悪意 | akui | ill will; spite; evil intention; malice; bad meaning |
| 悪条件 | akujouken | unfavorable conditions; unfavourable conditions |
| 雨水 | amamizu/usui | rain water |
| 甘やかす | amayakasu | to pamper; to spoil |
| 案外 | angai | unexpectedly; surprisingly; unexpected; unanticipated; unforeseen; surprising |
| 安易 | an’i | easy; simple; easygoing; lighthearted; simplistic; irresponsible; careless; quick to do |
| 安価 | anka | low-priced; cheap; inexpensive |
| 仰向け | aomuke | face up |
| 荒い | arai | rough; wild; violent; rude; coarse; harsh; fierce; heavy e.g. breathing; immoderate; extravagant; reckless |
| 洗い出す | araidasu | to reveal something by washing the surface; to bring to light; to reveal by investigation |
| 予め | arakajime | beforehand; in advance; previously |
| 争う | arasou | to compete; to contest; to contend; to quarrel; to argue; to dispute; to be at variance; to oppose |
| 改める | aratameru | to change; to alter; to revise; to replace; to reform; to correct; to mend; to improve |
| 荒れる | areru | to be stormy; to be rough; to be ruined; to fall into ruin; to be in a bad temper; to lose one’s temper |
| 焦り | aseri | impatience |
| 焦る | aseru | to be in a hurry; to be impatient; to be flustered; to lose one’s presence of mind; to be surprised |
| 足を運ぶ | ashi o hakobu | to go; to come; to turn out at a meeting, event, etc.; to show up; to make your way to |
| 圧勝 | asshou | complete victory |
| 宛 | ate | addressed to |
| 当てはまる | atehamaru | to apply a rule; to be applicable; to come under a category; to fulfill; to hold true |
| 後回し | atomawashi | putting off; postponing |
| 後戻り | atomodori | going backward; turning back; backtracking; doubling back; retrogression; relapse; returning to a bad state |
| あっという間 | attoiuma | a blink of time |
| 厚かましい | atsukamashii | impudent; shameless; brazen |
| 慌ただしい | awatadashii | busy; hurried; confused; flurried |
| 怪しい | ayashii | suspicious; dubious; doubtful; dodgy; suspicious referring to a potential amorous relation; dangerous e.g. financial situation; ominous e.g. weather; strange; shady; fishy |
| 歩み寄る | ayumiyoru | to compromise; to meet halfway; to step up to; to walk up to; to approach |
| 歩む | ayumu | to walk; to go on foot |
| 鮮やか | azayaka | vivid; bright; brilliant; clear; fresh; vibrant; skillful; brilliant; beautiful; fine; excellent |
| 倍増 | baizou | double |
| 離れ | banare | suffix separation from; loss of interest in; independence of; distancing of oneself from; disillusionment with; alienation from something |
| ばっさり | with a single stroke; resolutely; drastically; completely | |
| 別荘 | bessou | holiday house; vacation home; villa; prison; jail |
| 美術 | bijutsu | art; fine arts |
| 敏感 | binkan | sensitive; alert; aware; susceptible |
| びっしょり | wet through; drenched | |
| 美容院 | biyouin | beauty parlor; beauty salon; hairdressing salon |
| 募金 | bokin | fund-raising; collection of funds |
| 牧場 | bokujou | farm livestock; ranch US; pasture land; meadow; grazing land |
| 膨大 | boudai | huge; vast; enormous; colossal; extensive; large; swelling; expansion |
| 防犯 | bouhan | prevention of crime |
| 防災 | bousai | prevention of damage resulting from a natural disaster; protection against disaster |
| 部員 | buin | staff; member club, society, etc. |
| 部下 | buka | subordinate person |
| ぶかぶか | too large clothing; baggy; loose-fitting | |
| 分別 | bunbetsu | separation e.g. of rubbish when recycling; classification; discrimination; division; distinction |
| 分解 | bunkai | disassembly; dismantling; disaggregating; analysis; disintegrating; decomposing; degrading |
| 分割 | bunkatsu | partition; division; separation; segmenting; splitting |
| 文系 | bunkei | humanities, social sciences, and fine arts; liberal arts |
| 文献 | bunken | literature; books reference; document |
| 文面 | bunmen | content of a letter |
| 分配 | bunpai | division; splitting; sharing; distribution; dissemination; allocation |
| 分量 | bunryou | amount; quantity |
| 分担 | buntan | taking on one’s share e.g. of work; dividing work, expenses, etc. between; apportionment; allotment; allocation; assignment |
| 物資 | busshi | goods; materials; commodities; resources; supplies |
| 着々と | chakuchaku to | steadily |
| 着実 | chakujitsu | steady; sound; solid; reliable; trustworthy |
| 縮める | chidjimeru | to shorten; to reduce; to condense; to shrink; to make one’s body smaller; to draw in one’s legs; to duck one’s head |
| 縮む | chidjimu | to shrink; to contract; to diminish in size |
| 近々 | chikadjika | soon; nearness; before long |
| 近づく | chikazuku | to approach; to draw near; to get close; to get acquainted with; to get closer to; to get to know |
| 蓄積 | chikuseki | accumulation; accumulate; store |
| 散らかす | chirakasu | to scatter around; to leave untidy |
| 地帯 | chitai | area; zone; belt of land |
| 知的 | chiteki | intellectual |
| 地点 | chiten | site; point on a map; spot |
| 地球温暖化 | chikyuuondanka | global warming |
| 直結 | chokketsu | direct connection; direct link |
| 直後 | chokugo | immediately following |
| 直立 | chokuritsu | standing upright; standing straight |
| 直前 | chokuzen | just before |
| 長編 | chouhen | long e.g. novel, film |
| 長方形 | chouhoukei | rectangle; oblong |
| 長期間 | choukikan | long period of time |
| 彫刻 | choukoku | carving; engraving; sculpture |
| 彫刻家 | choukokuka | engraver; carver; sculptor |
| 長距離 | choukyori | long distance; long haul |
| 調味料 | choumiryou | seasoning; flavoring; flavouring; condiment |
| 調理 | chouri | cooking; food preparation |
| 調整 | chousei | adjustment; regulation; coordination; reconciliation; tuning; fixing; tailoring |
| 調節 | chousetsu | regulation; adjustment; control |
| 聴衆 | choushuu | audience; attendance; hearers |
| 注意点 | chuuiten | important point; point to make note of |
| 抽象 | chuushou | abstraction |
| 中断 | chuudan | interruption; suspension; break |
| 注意深い | chuuibukai | careful |
| 忠実 | chuujitsu | faithful; devoted; loyal; honest; true |
| 中旬 | chuujun | middle of a month; second third of a month; 11th to 20th day of a month |
| 中華 | chuuka | Chinese food |
| 中継 | chuukei | relay; relay broadcasting |
| 駐輪所 | chuurinjo | bicycle parking place |
| 抽選 | chuusen | lottery; raffle; drawing of lots |
| 大学院 | daigakuin | graduate school |
| 大学祭 | daigakusai | university festival; rag day |
| 台無し | dainashi | mess; spoiled; spoilt; come to nothing; ruin |
| 題名 | daimei | title |
| 段取り | dandori | programme; program; plans; arrangements |
| 段階 | dankai | grade; level; stage; class; phase; steps; order; gradation |
| 団結 | danketsu | unity; union; solidarity; combination; teaming up |
| だらし無い | darashinai | slovenly appearance, work, etc.; sloppy; untidy; undisciplined; careless; loose; slack; weak; feeble; weak-willed; gutless |
| 脱出 | dasshutsu | escape; break-out; prolapse; proptosis |
| 妥当 | datou | valid; proper; right; appropriate; reasonable |
| 出来上がる | dekiagaru | to be completed; to be finished; to be ready e.g. to serve or eat |
| 電源 | dengen | source of electricity; electrical power; power button on TV, etc. |
| 電気屋 | denkiya | electric appliance store |
| 電波 | denpa | radio wave; reception; signal |
| 伝染 | densen | contagion; infection |
| 伝達 | dentatsu | transmission e.g. news, chemical signals, electricity; communication; delivery; conveyance; transfer; relay; propagation; conduction |
| でたらめに | nonsense; irresponsible remark; codswallop; hogwash; rubbish | |
| 土台 | dodai | foundation; base; basis |
| 独占 | dokusen | monopoly; monopolization; exclusivity; keeping to oneself |
| 読者 | dokusha | reader |
| 独身者 | dokushinsha | unmarried person; bachelor |
| 道中 | douchuu | during the journey; on the way; while travelling |
| 動機 | douki | motive; incentive |
| 同居 | doukyo | coexistence; living together |
| 同年代 | dounendai | the same generation; coeval |
| 導入 | dounyuu | introduction; bringing in; leading in; installation |
| 動作 | dousa | action; movements; motions; bearing; behaviour; behavior; execution; actuation; operation; manners |
| 同等 | doutou | equality; equal; same rights; same rank; equivalence |
| 絵本 | ehon | picture book |
| 影響力 | eikyouryoku | influence; clout; leverage |
| 映像 | eizou | image on a screen; picture e.g. on a TV; video; film; footage |
| 駅前 | ekimae | in front of station |
| 延長 | enchou | extension; elongation; prolongation; lengthening |
| 円形 | enkei | round shape; circle; circular form |
| 演じる | enjiru | to perform a play; to play a part; to act a part; to commit a blunder |
| 円満 | enman | harmonious; peaceful; happy; amicable; smooth; free from trouble |
| 襟 | eri | collar; lapel; neckband; neck; nape of the neck; scruff of the neck |
| 不安定 | fuantei | instability; insecurity; crankiness |
| 不調 | fuchou | bad condition; not to work out i.e. a deal; disagreement; break-off; disorder; slump; out of form |
| 不動産 | fudousan | real estate |
| 不動産屋 | fudousan’ya | real estate agent; realtor |
| 不十分 | fujuubun | insufficient; inadequate; imperfect; shortage |
| 不快 | fukai | displeasure; discomfort; unpleasantness; indisposition; ailment |
| 不可欠 | fukaketsu | indispensable; essential |
| 深まる | fukamaru | to deepen; to heighten; to intensify |
| 深める | fukameru | to deepen; to heighten; to intensify |
| 不完全 | fukanzen | imperfect; incomplete; faulty; defective |
| 不機嫌 | fukigen | pout; displeasure; ill humor; ill humour; sullenness |
| 付近 | fukin | neighbourhood; neighborhood; vicinity; environs |
| 不規則 | fukisoku | irregularity; unsteadiness; disorderly |
| 副 | fuku | assistant; associate; vice-; sub-; deputy |
| 含める | fukumeru | to include in a group or scope; to include a nuance; to put in an implication |
| 膨らます | fukuramasu | to swell; to expand; to inflate; to bulge |
| 膨らむ | fukuramu | to expand; to swell out; to get big; to become inflated |
| 福祉 | fukushi | welfare; well-being; social welfare; social security; social service |
| 複数 | fukusuu | plural; multiple; several |
| 普及 | fukyuu | diffusion; spread; popularization; promulgation; familiarization |
| 不明 | fumei | unclear; obscure; indistinct; uncertain; ambiguous; unknown; unidentified |
| 不明瞭 | fumeiryou | dimness; obscurity; indistinctness; unclear; unintelligible |
| ふもと | foot of a mountain or hill; bottom; base | |
| ふらふら | unsteadily e.g. on one’s feet; shakily; staggering; tottering; reeling; dizzily; giddily; wavering in one’s mind; unsteadily; indecisively | |
| 触れ合い | fureai | contact; connectedness; rapport; mutual touching |
| 触れ合う | fureau | to come into contact with; to touch each other |
| 振り込み | furikomi | payment made via bank deposit transfer |
| 振り向く | furimuku | to turn one’s face; to turn around; to look over one’s shoulder |
| 不良品 | furyouhin | inferior goods; defective product; defective goods |
| 塞ぐ | fusagu | to stop up; to close up; to block up; to plug up; to shut up; to cover ears, eyes, etc.; to close eyes, mouth; to stand in the way; to obstruct; to occupy; to fill up; to take up |
| 不採用 | fusaiyou | rejection of an application |
| 負担 | futan | burden; load; responsibility; bearing a cost, responsibility, etc.; shouldering |
| 風 | fuu | appearance; air |
| 不愉快 | fuyukai | unpleasant; disagreeable; displeasing; uncomfortable; unhappy |
| 街 | gai | … street; … quarter; … district |
| 外観 | gaikan | outward appearance; exterior appearance; outward show; looks |
| 外見 | gaiken | outward appearance |
| 概要 | gaiyou | outline; summary; overview; abridgment; synopsis |
| 学費 | gakuhi | tuition; school expenses |
| 学業 | gakugyou | studies; schoolwork; classwork |
| 学年 | gakunen | academic year; school year |
| 学歴 | gakureki | academic background |
| 学生課 | gakuseika | student affairs office |
| 願望 | ganbou | desire; wish; aspiration |
| 頑丈 | ganjou | solid; firm; stout; burly; strong; sturdy |
| 頑固 | ganko | stubborn; obstinate; pigheaded |
| がらがら | with a clatter; with a rattle | |
| がっしり | firmly; solidly; sturdily; strongly; toughly | |
| 合宿 | gasshuku | lodging together; training camp; boarding house |
| 画用紙 | gayoushi | drawing paper |
| 芸能 | geinou | public entertainment; performing arts; accomplishments; attainments |
| 劇的 | gekiteki | dramatic; exciting; touching; extreme |
| 現代人 | gendaijin | modern person; people of today |
| 現時点 | genjiten | present point i.e. in history; at the present time |
| 原稿 | genkou | manuscript; copy; draft; notes; contribution |
| 原理 | genri | principle; theory; fundamental truth |
| 原料 | genryou | raw materials |
| 原作 | gensaku | original work |
| 原産 | gensan | place of origin; habitat |
| 厳守 | genshu | strict observance; rigid adherence; scrupulous compliance |
| 原則 | gensoku | principle; general rule |
| 減速 | gensoku | deceleration |
| 幻想 | gensou | fantasy; illusion; vision; dream |
| 限定 | gentei | limit; restriction |
| 現在地 | genzaichi | present location; current location; “you are here” on map |
| 議題 | gidai | topic of discussion; agenda |
| 疑問点 | gimonten | point of uncertainty; unclarified issue; doubt |
| 銀行員 | ginkouin | bank employee; bank staff member; bank clerk |
| ぎりぎり | just barely; only just; at the very limit; at the last moment | |
| 儀式 | gishiki | ceremony; rite; ritual; service |
| ぎっしり | tightly packed; densely; closely; crammed | |
| ぎざぎざ | notches; serration; indentation; jaggies stair-step artifacts in computer images | |
| ごちゃごちゃ | messy; confused; chaotic; disorderly; mixed-up; jumbled up | |
| 強引 | gouin | overbearing; coercive; pushy; forcible; high-handed |
| ぐったり | limply; wearily; listlessly; languidly; exhaustedly; unenergetically | |
| 後日 | gojitsu | in the future; another day; later |
| 娯楽 | goraku | pleasure; amusement |
| 合同 | goudou | combination; union; incorporation; amalgamation; fusion |
| 愚痴 | guchi | idle complaint; grumble |
| ぐんぐん | rapidly; vigorously; by leaps and bounds; steadily | |
| 行事 | gyouji | event; function |
| 行列 | gyouretsu | line; queue; procession; parade |
| 幅広い | habahiroi | extensive; wide; broad |
| 蜂 | hachi | bee; wasp |
| 蜂蜜 | hachimitsu | honey |
| 鉢植え | hachiue | potted plant |
| 破片 | hahen | fragment; broken piece; splinter; chip; shard |
| 背景 | haikei | background; scenery; backdrop; setting; circumstance; context; backing; support from behind the scenes |
| 廃止 | haishi | abolition; repeal |
| 墓参り | hakamairi | visit to a grave |
| 発揮 | hakki | show of power, ability, etc.; exhibition; demonstration; display; manifestation |
| 泊 | haku | counter for nights of a stay |
| 白衣 | hakui | white robe; doctor’s white gown |
| 鼻水 | hanamizu | nasal mucus; dripping nose; snot |
| 話し合い | hanashiai | discussion; conference |
| 話し声 | hanashigoe | speaking voice; talking voice |
| 話し手 | hanashite | speaker |
| 販売者 | hanbaisha | seller; vendor |
| 反映 | han’ei | reflection light, image, situation, attitude, etc.; reflecting; influence; application e.g. of an update |
| 半額 | hangaku | half the amount of money; half price; half fare |
| 半減 | hangen | reduction by half; halving |
| 恥 | haji | shame; embarrassment; disgrace |
| 反感 | hankan | antipathy; antagonism; animosity; revulsion; ill feeling |
| 半日 | hannichi | half day |
| 反発 | hanpatsu | opposition; rebellion; revolt; resistance; backlash; refusal; rebounding; recoiling; repulsion |
| 張り切る | harikiru | to be in high spirits; to be full of vigor vigour; to be enthusiastic; to be eager; to stretch to breaking point |
| 反論 | hanron | objection; refutation; rebuttal; counterargument |
| 半数 | hansuu | half the number |
| 腹を立てる | hara o tateru | to take offense; to take offence; to get angry; to lose one’s temper |
| 張り紙 | harigami | paper patch; paper backing; poster; sticker; label |
| 挟む | hasamu | to hold between e.g. one’s fingers, chopsticks; to grip from both sides; to put between; to sandwich between; to insert; to interpose; to insert e.g. a break into proceedings; to interpose e.g. an objection; to interject; to throw in e.g. a joke |
| 発散 | hassan | emission; emanation; radiation; diffusion; dispersion; letting out feelings; venting |
| 発想 | hassou | idea; conception; way of thinking |
| 発送 | hassou | sending; forwarding; shipping |
| 働き手 | hatarakite | worker; breadwinner; supporter; able person; able man; productive worker |
| 果たす | hatasu | to accomplish; to achieve; to carry out; to fulfill; to fulfil; to realize; to execute; to perform; to do |
| 発言 | hatsugen | statement; remark; observation; utterance; speech; proposal |
| 早口 | hayakuchi | fast-talking; rapid talking |
| 早まる | hayamaru | to be brought forward e.g. by three hours; to be moved up; to be advanced; to quicken; to speed up; to gather speed |
| 流行り | hayari | fashion; fad; vogue; craze |
| 隔てる | hedateru | to separate by distance, time, etc.; to isolate; to partition; to divide; to interpose; to have between; to alienate; to estrange |
| 平凡 | heibon | ordinary; common; commonplace; mediocre; unremarkable; undistinguished; uneventful |
| 平気 | heiki | coolness; calmness; composure; unconcern |
| 弊社 | heisha | our firm; our company humble |
| 閉店 | heiten | closing up shop for the day; stopping business; going out of business |
| 変換 | henkan | change; conversion; transformation |
| 変形 | henkei | transformation; variation; metamorphosis; modification; deformation; variety; deformity; monster |
| 返金 | henkin | repayment |
| 返品 | henpin | returned goods; returning purchased goods |
| 返信 | henshin | reply |
| 偏食 | henshoku | unbalanced diet |
| 編集 | henshuu | editing; compilation |
| 返送 | hensou | sending back; return to sender |
| 返答 | hentou | reply; answer |
| 非 | hi | prefix un-; non-; an- |
| 日当たり | hiatari | exposure to the sun; sunny place |
| 非凡 | hibon | extraordinary; uncommon; remarkable; unusual; rare; prodigious |
| 日々 | hibi | every day; daily; day after day; days e.g. good old days |
| 必着 | hicchaku | must arrive; must be received |
| 日帰り | higaeri | day trip |
| 日頃 | higoro | normally; habitually |
| 引き込む | hikikomu | to pull into; to draw in; to bring in; to win over |
| 引き止める | hikitomeru | to detain; to check; to restrain |
| 引き取る | hikitoru | to take into one’s possession; to receive; to accept; to collect; to claim; to take a person into one’s care; to take custody of; to adopt |
| 引き続き | hikitsuzuki | continuously; continually; without a break; next; then; after that |
| 引き渡す | hikiwatasu | to deliver; to extradite; to stretch across; to hand over |
| 引っかかる | hikkakaru | to be caught in; to be stuck in; to get mixed up in trouble; to get entangled in a problem; to be involved with |
| 筆記 | hikki | taking notes; copying; writing |
| 非公式 | hikoushiki | informal; unofficial |
| 惹く | hiku | to draw attention, sympathy, etc.; to attract e.g. interest |
| 卑怯 | hikyou | cowardice; meanness; unfairness |
| 非難 | hinan | criticism; blame; censure; attack; reproach |
| 避難 | hinan | taking refuge; finding shelter; evacuation; escape; seeking safe haven |
| 品質 | hinshitsu | material quality |
| 比例 | hirei | proportion |
| 広場 | hiroba | plaza; public square; piazza; forum; open space |
| 広々 | hirobiro | extensive; spacious |
| 広がり | hirogari | spread; span; expanse; extent |
| 広げる | hirogeru | to spread; to extend; to expand; to enlarge; to widen; to broaden; to unfold; to open; to unroll; to unwrap |
| 秘書 | hisho | private secretary; treasured book; secret book |
| 潜む | hisomu | to lurk; to be hidden; to be concealed; to lie dormant; to be latent |
| 筆者 | hissha | writer; author |
| ひそひそ | in a whisper; in a low voice; in undertones | |
| 密か | hisoka | secret; private; surreptitious |
| 秘する | hisuru | to keep secret; to conceal |
| ひたすら | intently; single‐mindedly; devotedly; solely; earnestly; with all one’s heart | |
| 人前 | hitomae | presence of other people; in public; in front of others |
| ひと昔 | hitomukashi | ages; long time; decade; the past ten years |
| 一人残らず | hitorinokorazu | everyone |
| 必要不可欠 | hitsuyoufukaketsu | essential; indispensable; imperative; necessary; compelling, vital, critical |
| 冷やす | hiyasu | to cool from room temperature; to chill; to refrigerate; to calm down; to cool off; to regain one’s composure; to relax; to be frightened at; to be scared of |
| 日差し | hizashi | sunlight; rays of the sun |
| 保護者 | hogosha | guardian; protector; patron; parent |
| 保育園 | hoikuen | nursery school; day nursery; preschool |
| 保育所 | hoikusho | nursery school; nursery |
| 補助 | hojo | assistance; support; aid; help; subsidy; supplement; subvention; grant-in-aid |
| 歩行 | hokou | walk |
| 本番 | honban | performance; take; going before an audience or on-air; game; season; crucial moment |
| 本業 | hongyou | principal occupation; core business |
| 本格 | honkaku | original method or procedure; serious; orthodox; classical; genuine |
| 本日 | honjitsu | today |
| 本来 | honrai | originally; primarily; essentially; intrinsically; naturally; by nature; in and of itself |
| 本社 | honsha | head office; main office; headquarters; parent company; this company; this shrine |
| 本心 | honshin | true feelings |
| 保守 | hoshu | maintenance; conservatism; conservativeness; conservation |
| 補足 | hosoku | supplement; complement |
| 細長い | hosonagai | long and narrow |
| 舗装 | hosou | pavement; road surface |
| 欲する | hossuru | to want; to desire |
| 包丁 | houchou | kitchen knife; carving knife |
| 報道 | houdou | information; report; journalism; news |
| 放映 | houei | televising; broadcasting; airing |
| 放課後 | houkago | after school |
| 報告書 | houkokusho | written report |
| 方面 | houmen | direction; district; area |
| 方針 | houshin | policy; plan; course; principle; objective |
| 表示 | hyouji | indication; expression; showing; manifestation; demonstration; display; displaying |
| 評論 | hyouron | criticism; critique |
| 表紙 | hyoushi | cover of a book, magazine, etc.; binding |
| 異 | i | prefix different |
| 居場所 | ibasho | whereabouts; place; location; place where one belongs; where one fits in; place where one can be oneself |
| いちいち | one-by-one; separately; every single; each and every; without omission; fully; in detail | |
| 一段 | ichidan | more; much more; still more; all the more |
| 一段落 | ichidanraku | reaching a stopping place; settling down before the next stage; getting to a point where one can rest; completing the first stage of the work |
| 一面 | ichimen | one face; one surface; the whole surface; one aspect; one side; on the other hand |
| 一覧 | ichiran | look; glance; sight; inspection; summary; list; table; catalog; catalogue |
| 一例 | ichirei | example; an instance |
| 一時休業 | ichijikyuugyou | temporary suspension of business; brief shutdown |
| 著しい | ichijirushii | striking; remarkable; considerable |
| 一助 | ichijo | help; assistance |
| 遺伝 | iden | heredity; genetic inheritance |
| 遺伝子 | idenshi | gene; genetic |
| 意外性 | igaisei | unpredictability; element of surprise |
| 意義 | igi | meaning; significance |
| 居心地 | igokochi | comfort |
| いい加減 | iikagen | irresponsible; perfunctory; careless; lukewarm; half-baked; halfhearted; vague; reasonable; moderate |
| 言い訳 | iiwake | excuse; explanation |
| 意地悪 | ijiwaru | malicious; ill-tempered; unkind |
| 怒り | ikari | anger; rage; fury; wrath; indignation |
| 生かす | ikasu | to make the best use of; to put to good use; to leverage skills, attributes, experience, etc.; to capitalise on experience, etc. |
| 生き生き | ikiiki | in a lively way; vividly; freshly; animatedly; actively; energetically |
| いきなり | abruptly; suddenly; all of a sudden; without warning | |
| 生き残る | ikinokoru | to survive |
| 息抜き | ikinuki | taking a breather; relaxation; vent hole |
| 一見 | ikken | look; glimpse; glance; apparently; seemingly |
| 一気に | ikki ni | in one go; in one gulp; in one breath; without stopping; without pausing; without resting; in one sitting; at a stretch; all at once |
| 一向に | ikkou ni | completely; absolutely; totally; not at all; not a bit; not in the least; earnestly; intently; determinedly |
| 移行 | ikou | switching over to; migration; transition |
| 育児 | ikuji | childcare; child-rearing; nursing; upbringing |
| 育成 | ikusei | rearing; training; nurture; cultivation; promotion |
| いまいち | not quite right; not very good; somewhat lacking | |
| 印鑑 | inkan | stamp; seal |
| 飲料水 | inryousui | drinking water |
| 印刷物 | insatsubutsu | printed matter |
| 飲食店 | inshokuten | restaurant |
| 一方的 | ippouteki | one-sided; unilateral; arbitrary |
| 入れ込む | irekomu | to put in; to place inside; to push into; to stuff into; to be enthusiastic; to be engrossed |
| 入り替える | irikaeru | to replace; to substitute; to shift; to change places |
| 衣装 | ishou | clothing; costume; outfit; garment; dress |
| 急ぎ | isogi | haste; hurry; expedition; speed; dispatch |
| 一斉に | issei ni | simultaneously; all at once; in unison |
| 傷む | itamu | to be spoiled e.g. food; to be damaged |
| 意図 | ito | intention; aim; design |
| 嫌々 | iyaiya | unwillingly; grudgingly; reluctantly |
| 意欲 | iyoku | will; desire; ambition; urge e.g. creative urge |
| 痛ましい | itamashii | pitiful; heartbreaking; heartrending; touching; tragic; sad; hurtful |
| 痛める | itameru | to hurt; to injure; to cause pain; to harm; to damage; to spoil |
| 一斉に | issei ni | simultaneously; all at once; in unison |
| 一色 | isshoku | same tendency; everyone being caught up in the same thing; one color |
| 移転 | iten | moving; relocation; change of address; transfer of deeds, property, etc.; demise |
| 一旦 | ittan | once; for a short time; briefly; temporarily |
| 一定 | ittei | fixed; settled; constant; definite; uniform; regularized; regularised; defined; standardized; standardised; certain; prescribed |
| 一転 | itten | complete change; reversal; sudden transformation |
| 居酒屋 | izakaya | izakaya; Japanese bar that also serves various dishes and snacks |
| 依然 | izen | still; as yet; as it has been |
| 事物 | jibutsu | things; affairs |
| 実地 | jicchi | practice as opposed to theory; actual practice; actual site; at the scene; on the spot |
| 自治体 | jichitai | municipality; local government; self-governing body; autonomous body |
| 児童 | jidou | children; juvenile |
| 次回 | jikai | next time occasion |
| 事業 | jigyou | project; enterprise; business; industry; operations; venture; service |
| 時事 | jiji | events of the day; current affairs |
| 次回 | jikai | next time occasion |
| 時間帯 | jikantai | period of time; time slot; time zone |
| 自覚 | jikaku | self-consciousness; self-awareness |
| 実感 | jikkan | real feeling; actual feeling |
| 実験者 | jikkensha | experimenter; researcher |
| じっくり | deliberately; carefully; thoroughly; without rushing | |
| 自己 | jiko | self; oneself |
| 時給 | jikyuu | hourly pay; hourly wage |
| 地元 | jimoto | home area; home town; local |
| 人工物 | jinkoubutsu | artificial object; man-made object; artifact; artefact |
| 人工知能 | jinkouchinou | artificial intelligence; AI |
| 人材 | jinzai | capable person; talented person; human resources; personnel |
| 事例 | jirei | example; precedent; case |
| 自律 | jiritsu | autonomy philosophy; self-control |
| 持参 | jisan | bringing; taking; carrying |
| 自社 | jisha | one’s company; company one works for |
| 実質 | jisshitsu | substance; essence; real in economics, vs. nominal, e.g. real interest rate; substantive; substantial; essential; tangible |
| 自主 | jishu | independence; autonomy; self-reliance |
| 自習 | jishuu | self-study; teaching oneself |
| 実績 | jisseki | achievements; actual results; accomplishments; past results; track record |
| 実践 | jissen | practice; putting into practice; implementation |
| 実施 | jisshi | enforcement; implementation; putting into practice; carrying out; operation; working e.g. working parameters; enactment |
| 自体 | jitai | itself |
| 辞退 | jitai | declining; refusal; nonacceptance; turning down; withdrawal e.g. of candidacy; pulling out e.g. of a race; excusing oneself |
| 時点 | jiten | point in time; occasion |
| 事典 | jiten | encyclopedia; cyclopedia |
| 事前 | jizen | prior; beforehand; in advance; before the fact; ex ante |
| 慈善 | jizen | charity; philanthropy |
| 持続 | jizoku | continuation; persisting; lasting; sustaining; enduring |
| じたばた | kicking and struggling; wriggling; floundering | |
| 序列 | joretsu | rank; ranking order; hierarchy |
| 助手席 | joshuseki | passenger seat; assistant driver’s seat |
| 上部 | joubu | top part; surface |
| 上半身 | jouhanshin | upper half of one’s body; upper body; bust |
| 蒸発 | jouhatsu | evaporation; disappearance of people intentionally concealing their whereabouts; unexplained disappearance |
| 上位 | joui | superior in rank; top; ranking |
| 情景 | joukei | spectacle; sight; scene |
| 上級者 | joukyuusha | advanced student; advanced learner; advanced practitioner; experienced person |
| 常温 | jouon | normal temperature; room temperature |
| 上陸 | jouriku | landing; disembarkation; landfall |
| 乗車 | jousha | boarding a train, bus, etc.; getting into e.g. a taxi |
| 上司 | joushi | one’s superior; one’s boss; the higher-ups |
| 上昇 | joushou | rising; ascending; climbing |
| 錠剤 | jouzai | pill; lozenge; tablet |
| 受動的 | judouteki | passive |
| 受験生 | jukensei | student preparing for or taking examinations usu. entrance exams; test-taker |
| 受講 | jukou | taking attending lectures |
| 塾 | juku | coaching school; cramming school; juku |
| 寿命 | jumyou | life span |
| 順位 | jun’i | order; rank; position e.g. in a race; precedence |
| 循環 | junkan | circulation; rotation; cycle; loop |
| 順に | jun ni | in order; in turn; one by one |
| 順序 | junjo | order; sequence; procedure |
| 順応 | junnou | adaptation; accommodation; conforming; adjustment; acclimatization |
| 純粋 | junsui | pure; true; genuine; unmixed |
| 受診 | jushin | having a medical examination; seeing a doctor |
| 受賞 | jushou | winning a prize |
| 充電 | juuden | charging electrically |
| 充実感 | juujitsukan | sense of fulfillment; sense of completeness; sense of accomplishment; sense of contentment |
| 充満 | juuman | being filled with; being full of; permeation |
| 柔軟 | juunan | flexible; lithe; soft; pliable |
| 充実 | juujitsu | fullness; completion; perfection; enhancement; improvement; enrichment; upgrading |
| 充実感 | juujitsukan | sense of fulfillment; sense of completeness; sense of accomplishment; sense of contentment |
| 住宅地 | juutakuchi | housing district; residential district |
| 重役 | juuyaku | company director; executive; top management; important post; role with heavy responsibilities |
| 課 | ka | lesson; section in an organization; division; department; counter for lessons and chapters of a book |
| 価値観 | kachikan | sense of values; values; value system |
| 課題 | kadai | subject; theme; issue; matter; homework; assignment; task; challenge; problem; question |
| 過度 | kado | excessive; immoderate |
| 花粉 | kafun | pollen |
| 花粉症 | kafunshou | hay fever; pollinosis allergy to pollen |
| 輝かしい | kagayakashii | brilliant; glorious; glittering; bright; splendid e.g. achievement, success; promising e.g. future |
| 輝き | kagayaki | brightness; brilliance; brilliancy; radiance; glitter |
| 過激 | kageki | extreme; radical |
| 限り | kagiri | limit; limits; bounds; degree; extent; scope |
| 限りない | kagirinai | eternal; unlimited; endless |
| 嗅ぐ | kagu | to sniff; to smell |
| 下位 | kai | low rank; lower position; subordinate position; lower order e.g. byte |
| 開封 | kaifuu | opening an envelope or parcel; breaking the seal; unsealed letter |
| 介護 | kaigo | nursing; care; caregiving; caring |
| 介護施設 | kaigoshisetsu | nursing home; rest home |
| 開発 | kaihatsu | development; exploitation |
| 解放 | kaihou | release; unleashing; liberation; emancipation; setting free |
| 開放感 | kaihoukan | sense of space; spaciousness |
| 会員証 | kaiinshou | membership card; membership certificate |
| 開会 | kaikai | opening of a meeting |
| 会見 | kaiken | interview; audience; meeting; viewing party |
| 解決策 | kaiketsusaku | solution; solution strategy |
| 開幕 | kaimaku | raising the curtain; opening of an event; start of a season |
| 皆無 | kaimu | nonexistent; nil; none; nothing at all; bugger-all |
| 飼い主 | kainushi | shepherd; pet owner |
| 回覧 | kairan | circulation esp. documents; sending round |
| 改良 | kairyou | improvement; reform |
| 開催 | kaisai | holding a conference, exhibition, etc.; opening; hosting e.g. the Olympics |
| 解散 | kaisan | breaking up e.g. meeting; dispersing e.g. crowd; dissolving company, organization, etc.; liquidating; disbanding |
| 改正 | kaisei | revision; amendment; alteration |
| 開設 | kaisetsu | establishment; opening; setting up; inauguration |
| 解説 | kaisetsu | explanation; commentary; exposition; elucidation |
| 買い占める | kaishimeru | to buy up |
| 解消 | kaishou | cancellation; liquidation; resolution; reduction e.g. of stress |
| 海水浴 | kaisuiyoku | swimming in the ocean; sea bathing; seawater bath; going for a dip in the ocean |
| 回数 | kaisuu | number of times; frequency; count |
| 改訂 | kaitei | revision of text; alteration; change |
| 回転 | kaiten | rotation usu. around something; revolution; turning |
| 開店 | kaiten | opening a new shop; opening a shop for the day |
| 回答 | kaitou | reply; answer |
| 解約 | kaiyaku | cancellation of contract |
| 果実 | kajitsu | fruit; nut; berry; profit |
| 過剰 | kajou | excess; surplus; superabundance; overabundance |
| 係 | kakari | charge; duty; person in charge; official; clerk |
| 欠かせない | kakasenai | indispensable; vital; fundamental; imperative; crucial |
| 欠かす | kakasu | to miss doing; to fail to do |
| 関わり合う | kakawariau | to get involved or entangled in; to get mixed up in; to have something to do with; to have dealings with |
| 下記 | kaki | the following |
| 夏期 | kaki | summer term e.g. school; summer period |
| 格好つける | kakkou tsukeru | to affect a stylish air; to try to look good; to show off |
| 隔 | kaku | every other; second; alternate |
| 格別 | kakubetsu | particular; special; exceptional; especial |
| 角度 | kakudo | angle |
| 確保 | kakuho | securing; obtaining; ensuring; guarantee; maintaining |
| 各位 | kakui | everyone; each and every one of you; ladies and gentlemen |
| 各自 | kakuji | each person; everyone; individual; respective |
| 確率 | kakuritsu | probability; likelihood; chances |
| 獲得 | kakutoku | acquisition; possession |
| 格安 | kakuyasu | cheap; reasonable |
| 歓迎会 | kangeikai | welcome party |
| 活発 | kappatsu | lively; active; vigorous; animated; brisk |
| 係 | kakari | charge; duty; person in charge; official; clerk |
| 係員 | kakariin | person in charge; official; attendant |
| 駆け抜ける | kakenukeru | to run past from behind; to run through e.g. gate, one’s mind |
| 拡充 | kakujuu | expansion |
| 確信 | kakushin | conviction; belief; confidence |
| 確定 | kakutei | decision; settlement |
| 感 | kan | prefix feeling; sensation; emotion; admiration; impression |
| 叶う | kanau | to come true of a wish, prayer, etc.; to be realized; to be fulfilled; to suit e.g. a purpose; to meet wishes, ideals, etc.; to conform to standards, rules, etc.; to be consistent with |
| 完備 | kanbi | being fully equipped; being fully furnished |
| 勘違い | kanchigai | misunderstanding; mistaken idea; wrong guess |
| 加熱 | kanetsu | heating; application of heat |
| 看護 | kango | nursing; army nurse |
| 看護師 | kangoshi | hospital nurse; registered nurse |
| 感じ取る | kanjitoru | to perceive; to sense; to take in; to grasp; to feel |
| 簡潔 | kanketsu | brevity; conciseness; simplicity |
| 観光地 | kankouchi | tourist attraction; sight-seeing area |
| 観念 | kannen | idea; notion; concept; conception; sense e.g. of duty |
| 完璧 | kanpeki | perfect; complete; flawless |
| 簡略 | kanryaku | simple; simplicity; brief; brevity |
| 簡略化 | kanryakuka | simplification |
| 観戦 | kansen | watching a sports game; spectating; observing military operations |
| 観測 | kansoku | observation; survey; measurement |
| 鑑賞 | kanshou | appreciation of art, music, poetry, etc. |
| 観点 | kanten | point of view |
| 勧誘 | kan’yuu | invitation; solicitation; canvassing; canvasing; inducement; persuasion; encouragement |
| 絡む | karamu | to entangle; to entwine; to pick a quarrel; to find fault |
| 仮に | kari ni | supposing; even if; granting that; for argument’s sake; temporarily; provisionally; for the time being |
| 軽々 | karugaru | lightly; easily; carelessly |
| 重なる | kasanaru | to be piled up; to lie on top of one another; to come one after another; to happen over and over; to pile up e.g. stress; to accumulate |
| 歌詞 | kashi | song lyrics; words of a song; libretto |
| 貸し出し | kashidashi | lending; loaning |
| 箇所 | kasho | passage; place; point; part |
| 加速 | kasoku | acceleration; speeding up |
| かすか | faint; dim; weak; slight; vague; indistinct; hazy; poor; wretched; meagre; meager; scanty | |
| 課する | kasuru | to levy; to charge; to assess; to impose; to assign |
| 肩幅 | katahaba | shoulder width breadth |
| 傾く | katamuku | to incline toward; to slant; to lurch; to heel over; to be disposed to; to trend toward; to be prone to |
| 語りかける | katarikakeru | to make a speech; to address |
| 偏る | katayoru | to lean to one side; to incline; to be unbalanced e.g. diet; to be unduly weighted towards; to be concentrated on; to be partial; to be biased; to be prejudiced |
| 片付け | katazuke | tidying up; finishing |
| 片付く | katazuku | to be put in order; to be put to rights; to be disposed of; to be solved |
| 過程 | katei | process; course; mechanism |
| 下等 | katou | inferior; base; vulgar; low grade; lower class |
| 活字 | katsuji | printing type; movable type; printed text; print |
| 活力 | katsuryoku | vitality; energy; dynamism |
| 活躍 | katsuyaku | activity esp. energetic; great efforts; conspicuous service; to flourish; to participate actively; to play an active role |
| 可愛がる | kawaigaru | to love; to cherish; to be affectionate to; to treat tenderly; to dote on; to show favouritism to; to be partial to |
| 変わった | kawatta | another; different; various; particular; unusual; novel; peculiar |
| かゆい | itchy | |
| 飾り付け | kazaritsuke | decoration; arrangement |
| 数々 | kazukazu | many; numerous; various; large number of |
| 数多く | kazuooku | in great numbers |
| 決着 | kecchaku | conclusion; decision; end; settlement |
| 気配 | kehai | indication; sign; hint; presence; trend |
| 警備 | keibi | defense; defence; guard; policing; security |
| 警備員 | keibihin | guard; security officer; guardsman |
| 経営者 | keieisha | manager; proprietor |
| 軽減 | keigen | abatement; reduction |
| 経費 | keihi | expenses; cost; outlay |
| 契機 | keiki | opportunity; chance; trigger; cause |
| 蛍光灯 | keikoutou | fluorescent lamp; fluorescent light |
| 経理 | keiri | accounting; administration of money |
| 掲載 | keisai | publication e.g. of an article in a newspaper; carrying e.g. a story; running e.g. a serial; insertion e.g. of an advertisement; printing; posting e.g. on the web |
| 軽視 | keishi | making light of; thinking little of; slighting; belittling; dismissing; contempt; disdain |
| 形式 | keishiki | form as opposed to substance; formality |
| 計測 | keisoku | measuring; measurement |
| 携帯 | keitai | something carried in the hand; handheld; portable; mobile telephone; cell phone abbreviation |
| 毛糸 | keito | knitting wool; woollen yarn |
| 系統 | keitou | system; lineage; ancestry; family line; group e.g. of colors colours; family e.g. of languages; party; school of thought |
| 継続 | keizoku | continuation |
| 謙虚 | kenkyo | modest; humble |
| 検索 | kensaku | looking up e.g. a word in a dictionary; retrieval e.g. data; searching for; referring to |
| 検診 | kenshin | physical examination; medical examination; health checkup; health screening |
| 研修 | kenshuu | training esp. in-service; induction course |
| 研修会 | kenshuukai | workshop; training course |
| 謙遜 | kenson | modesty; humility; being humble |
| 決勝 | kesshou | decision of a contest; finals in sports |
| 決勝戦 | kesshousen | championship game; finals of a tournament; deciding round |
| 桁 | keta | column; beam; girder; crossbeam; spar; yard; digit; decade; order of magnitude |
| 決断 | ketsudan | decision; determination |
| 険しい | kewashii | precipitous; rugged; inaccessible; impregnable; steep; grim; severe; stern |
| 削る | kezuru | to shave wood, leather, etc.; to sharpen e.g. pencil; to plane; to whittle; to pare; to scrape off; to erode; to cut down budget, expenses, staff, time, etc.; to curtail; to reduce |
| 気が重い | ki ga omoi | depressed; bummed out; down; heavy-hearted; heavy-spirited; feeling reluctant to do |
| 気が進まない | ki ga susumanai | reluctant to; not inclined to; disinclined; unwilling |
| 気を落とす | ki o otosu | to be discouraged; to be disheartened |
| 気を使う | ki o tsukau | to pay attention to another’s needs; to attend to; to fuss about; to take into consideration |
| 気を失う | ki o ushinau | to lose consciousness; to faint; to black out |
| 機敏 | kibin | clever; shrewd; canny; smart; quick; prompt |
| 規模 | kibo | scale; scope; plan; structure |
| 気分転換 | kibuntenkan | change of pace; change of mood; mental break e.g. going for a walk; refreshment |
| きっちり | exactly; precisely; punctually; on the dot; closely; tightly; fitting perfectly; properly; without fail | |
| 気軽 | kigaru | carefree; buoyant; lighthearted; sprightly |
| 器具 | kigu | utensil; apparatus; implement; device; gadget |
| 期日 | kijitsu | fixed date; settlement date |
| 企画 | kikaku | planning; project; plan; design |
| 機器 | kiki | device; equipment; machinery; apparatus |
| 聞き手 | kikite | hearer; listener; audience; interviewer; questioner |
| 聞き取る | kikitoru | to catch a person’s words; to make out; to follow; to understand |
| 気配り | kikubari | care; attentiveness; attention; consideration for others; solicitude |
| 決め付ける | kimetsukeru | to fix upon one-sidedly; to ignore somebody’s position and arbitrarily decide something is the case |
| 緊張感 | kinchoukan | feeling of tension; air of tension; tension; nervousness |
| 金魚 | kingyo | goldfish |
| 勤務 | kinmu | service; duty; work |
| 近年 | kinnen | recent years |
| 近隣 | kinrin | neighborhood; vicinity |
| 絹 | kinu | silk |
| 金融 | kinyuu | finance; financing; credit transacting; loaning of money; circulation of money |
| きっぱり | clearly; plainly; distinctly | |
| 気楽 | kiraku | carefree; comfortable; at ease; easygoing; happy-go-lucky |
| 切り上げる | kiriageru | to close at a certain point; to cut short; to stop early; to finish at a convenient spot; to round up number |
| 切り取る | kiritoru | to cut off; to excise; to tear off; to cut out; to whittle down; to tear out; to cut down; to amputate |
| 帰省 | kisei | homecoming; returning home |
| 貴社 | kisha | your company honorific |
| 気象 | kishou | weather; climate |
| 機種 | kishu | type of equipment; model |
| 競う | kisou | to compete; to contend; to vie; to contest |
| 鍛える | kitaeru | to forge; to temper; to drill; to train; to discipline |
| 規定 | kitei | stipulation; prescription; provision; regulation; rule |
| 刻み込む | kizamikomu | to etch name, etc.; to carve design |
| 刻む | kizamu | to mince; to cut fine; to chop up; to hash; to shred; to carve; to engrave; to chisel; to notch |
| 傷物 | kizumono | defective article; damaged goods |
| 個別 | kobetsu | particular case; discrete; individual; separate |
| こだわり | obsession; fixation; hangup; determination; fastidiousness; pickiness about trait, style, etc.; complaining; criticizing | |
| 拘る | kodawaru | to fuss over; to be particular about |
| 孤独 | kodoku | solitude; loneliness; isolation |
| 古風 | kofuu | old-fashioned; archaic; antique; antiquated |
| 小金 | kogane | small sum of money |
| 小柄 | kogara | small build; small stature; petite |
| 焦げる | kogeru | to burn; to scorch; to char; to singe |
| 個人差 | kojinsa | individual differences; personal equation |
| 個々 | koko | individual; one by one; separate |
| 心地良い | kokochiyoi | comfortable; pleasant |
| 試み | kokoromi | attempt; trial; experiment; endeavour endeavor; effort; venture; initiative |
| 心強い | kokorozuyoi | heartening; reassuring |
| 快い | kokoroyoi | pleasant; agreeable; comfortable; refreshing |
| 細やか | komayaka | tender; warm; caring; thoughtful; meticulous; detailed; attentive |
| 小物 | komono | accessories; small articles |
| 根元/根本 | kongen | root; source; origin; foundation; base; principle |
| 根性 | konjou | willpower; guts; determination; grit; spirit; character; nature; disposition; personality |
| 根気 | konki | patience; perseverance; persistence; tenacity; energy |
| 今年度 | konnendo | this year; this fiscal year; this school year |
| 好ましい | konomashii | nice; likeable; desirable |
| この度 | konotabi | this occasion; at this time; now |
| 孤立 | koritsu | isolation; being alone; being friendless |
| 個性 | kosei | individuality; personality; idiosyncrasy; character; individual characteristic |
| 子育て | kosodate | child rearing; child raising; raising children; parenting |
| 応える | kotaeru | to respond; to answer; to meet e.g. demands, expectations |
| 個体 | kotai | individual; specimen |
| 固定 | kotei | fixing in place; securing; anchoring; fastening down; fixing e.g. salary, capital; keeping the same |
| 古典 | koten | classic work, esp. book; the classics |
| 言葉遣い | kotobazukai | speech; expression; wording; language |
| 事柄 | kotogara | matter; thing; affair; circumstance |
| こつこつ | unflaggingly; steadily; untiringly; laboriously; knocking; tapping; clicking; drumming | |
| 高 | kou | prefix high |
| 好調 | kouchou | favorable; promising; satisfactory; in good shape |
| 高度 | koudo | altitude; height; elevation; high-degree; high-grade; advanced; sophisticated; strong |
| 行動力 | koudouryoku | ability to take action; energy; fire; dynamism; leverage |
| 公演 | kouen | public performance |
| 校外 | kougai | out-of-school; off-campus |
| 公害 | kougai | pollution; public nuisance; contamination |
| 後半 | kouhan | second half; latter half |
| 高品質 | kouhinshitsu | high quality |
| 好印象 | kouinshou | good impression; favorable impression |
| 向上 | koujou | elevation; rise; improvement; advancement; progress |
| 恒常 | koujou | constancy; permanence |
| 公開 | koukai | opening to the public; making available to the public; putting on display; exhibiting; showing play, movie, etc.; holding interview, etc.; open; public |
| 好感 | koukan | good feeling; good will; favourable impression; favorable impression |
| 後期 | kouki | latter period; second half; late stage; third trimester; second semester |
| 高級 | koukyuu | high class; high grade; high rank; seniority |
| 交流会 | koukyuukai | gathering; mixer; meetup; assembly; social; exchange meeting |
| 項目 | koumoku | item; heading; category; clause; headword in a dictionary, encyclopedia, etc.; entry |
| 高熱 | kounetsu | high fever |
| 光熱費 | kounetsuhi | cost of fuel and lighting; cost of heat and electricity; energy bill; utility cost |
| 好悪 | kouo | likes and dislikes |
| 高齢 | kourei | advanced age; old age |
| 高齢化 | koureika | population ageing aging |
| 高齢者 | koureisha | old person; old people |
| 小売 | kouri | retail |
| 効率 | kouritsu | efficiency |
| 公立 | kouritsu | public institution |
| 効力 | kouryoku | effect; efficacy; validity; potency |
| 工作 | kousaku | handicraft; work; construction; manufacturing; maneuvering; manoeuvering |
| 考察 | kousatsu | consideration; inquiry; enquiry; investigation; study |
| 公正 | kousei | justice; fairness; impartiality |
| 光線 | kousen | beam; light ray |
| 講師 | koushi | lecturer |
| 更新 | koushin | renewal; update; innovation; improvement |
| 公衆 | koushuu | the public; general public |
| 高層 | kousou | multistory; multistoried; high-rise; high; tall |
| 香水 | kousui | perfume |
| 交代 | koutai | alternation; change; relief; relay; shift; substitution sports, etc.; taking turns |
| 肯定 | koutei | affirmation |
| 紅葉 | kouyou | autumn colours; fall colors; leaves changing color |
| 効用 | kouyou | use; utility; effect; benefit |
| 口座 | kouza | account e.g. bank |
| 講座 | kouza | course e.g. of lectures; academic teaching unit; lectureship; professorial chair |
| 構造 | kouzou | structure; construction; makeup; framework; organization; pattern |
| 小遣い | kozukai | pocket money; spending money; pin money; allowance |
| 怖がる | kowagaru | to be afraid of; to fear; to dread; to be nervous about; to be shy of |
| 苦 | ku | pain; anguish; suffering; distress; anxiety; worry; trouble; difficulty; hardship |
| 砕く | kudaku | to break, to smash |
| くどい | verbose; importunate; wordy; repetitious; long-winded; heavy taste; rich; strong; cloying; gaudy; loud | |
| 区切り | kugiri | punctuation; pause; juncture; end; place to stop |
| 苦情 | kujou | complaint; troubles; objection; grievance |
| 組み替える | kumikaeru | to rearrange classes; to recompose; to reset; to recombine genes |
| 組み込む | kumikomu | to insert; to include; to incorporate; to cut in printing |
| 暗闇 | kurayami | darkness; the dark |
| 繰り返し | kurikaeshi | repetition; repeat; reiteration; iteration; refrain; cycle; repeatedly |
| 車椅子 | kurumaisu | wheelchair; folding push-chair |
| 苦戦 | kusen | hard fight; close game; struggle; tight contest |
| 国々 | kuniguni | countries |
| くしゃみ | sneeze | |
| くたくた | exhausted; tired; withered; worn out | |
| 空洞 | kuudou | cave; hollow; cavity |
| 空間 | kuukan | space; room; airspace |
| 空席 | kuuseki | empty seat; unoccupied seat; vacancy; vacant post |
| 空想 | kuusou | daydream; fantasy; fancy; vision |
| 悔やむ | kuyamu | to mourn; to lament; to be sorry; to regret; to repent |
| 崩す | kuzusu | to destroy; to demolish; to pull down; to tear down; to level; to break a bill; to change; to make change |
| 客観的 | kyakkanteki | objective |
| 客席 | kyakuseki | guest seating e.g. theater, stadium; passenger seat e.g. taxi; audience |
| 拒否 | kyohi | refusal; rejection; denial; veto |
| 曲線 | kyokusen | curve |
| 極端 | kyokutan | extreme; extremity |
| 強風 | kyoufuu | strong wind; high wind; moderate gale |
| 教員 | kyouin | teacher; instructor; teaching staff; faculty member |
| 強弱 | kyoujaku | strength and weakness; degree of strength; stress of a sound; loudness |
| 強化 | kyouka | strengthening; intensifying; reinforcement; enhancement; solidification |
| 協会 | kyoukai | association; society; organization; organisation |
| 教師 | kyoushi | teacher classroom |
| 恐縮 | kyoushuku | feeling obliged; being grateful; being thankful; being sorry; being ashamed |
| 教養 | kyouyou | cultivation; refinement; culture; education |
| 共有 | kyouyuu | joint ownership; co-ownership; sharing e.g. a viewpoint |
| 旧 | kyuu | ex-; former; old |
| 休暇明け | kyuukaake | post-vacation |
| 急病 | kyuubyou | sudden illness |
| 休業 | kyuugyou | closed e.g. store; business suspended; shutdown; holiday |
| 求人 | kyuujin | recruiting; job offer; job vacancy |
| 休養 | kyuuyou | rest; break; recreation; recuperation; convalescence |
| 急増 | kyuuzou | rapid increase; proliferation; surge; explosion |
| 町並み | machinami | townscape; street of stores and houses; look of stores and houses on street |
| まぶた | eyelid; eyelids | |
| 間近 | madjika | proximity; nearness; soon; nearby |
| 窓際 | madogiwa | at the window |
| 窓口 | madoguchi | ticket window; teller window; counter; contact person; point of contact |
| 魔法 | mahou | magic; witchcraft; sorcery |
| 前向き | maemuki | front-facing; forward-looking; positive; constructive |
| 間際 | magiwa | the point just before; the point of doing; the verge of happening |
| 巻き込む | makikomu | to roll up; to enfold; to swallow up; to involve; to drag into |
| まく | to scatter; to sprinkle; to strew | |
| 真似る | maneru | to mimic; to imitate |
| 満員 | man’in | full house; no vacancy; sold out; standing room only; full of people; crowded |
| 満足度 | manzokudo | degree of satisfaction |
| 稀 | mare | rare, seldom |
| 真っ先 | massaki | the head; the foremost; beginning; the very front |
| 真っ白 | masshiro | pure white |
| まとめる | to collect; to put it all together; to integrate; to consolidate; to unify; to summarize; to aggregate; to bring to a conclusion; to finalize; to settle; to put in order | |
| 目 | me | suffix ordinal number suffix |
| 目に触れる | me ni fureru | |
| 目新しい | meatarashii | original; novel; new |
| 目当て | meate | mark; guide; landmark; purpose; aim; goal; intention; end |
| 目立つ | medatsu | to be conspicuous; to stand out |
| 恵み | megumi | blessing; grace |
| 恵む | megumu | to bless; to show mercy to; to give money, etc. |
| 名簿 | meibo | register of names; list of names; roll; register; roster |
| 名物 | meibutsu | famous product; special product; speciality; specialty |
| 名産 | meisan | noted product; local specialty |
| 名刺 | meishi | business card |
| 明示 | meiji | elucidation; explicit statement; specification |
| 明確 | meikaku | clear; precise; definite; distinct |
| 名門 | meimon | noted family; noble family; prestigious school, organization, business, etc. |
| 明瞭 | meiryou | clear; plain; distinct; obvious; evident; articulate |
| 名所 | meisho | famous place |
| 目印 | mejirushi | mark; sign; landmark; benchmark |
| 面会 | menkai | meeting face-to-face; interview |
| 面する | mensuru | to face on; to look out on to |
| 目線 | mesen | one’s gaze; point of view; standpoint |
| 目覚める | mezameru | to wake up; to awake; to awaken to instinct, ability, perception, etc.; to become aware of; to become conscious of; to realize; to come to one’s senses |
| 未 | mi | prefix not yet; un- |
| 見合う | miau | to exchange glances; to correspond; to counterbalance |
| 身振り手振り | miburiteburi | gestures; gesturing |
| 密着 | micchaku | close adhesion; sticking firmly to; being glued to |
| 道案内 | michiannai | guidance; showing the way; guide; guidepost; signpost; waymark |
| 導く | michibiku | to guide; to lead; to show the way; to conduct |
| 道のり | michinori | distance; journey; itinerary; path e.g. to one’s goal; way; process; route; road |
| 乱れる | midareru | to be disordered; to be disarranged; to be disarrayed; to be disheveled; to be dishevelled |
| 見出し | midashi | heading; headline; title; caption |
| 見張る | miharu | to stand watch; to stand guard; to look out |
| 見直す | minaosu | to look at again; to re-examine; to get a better opinion of; to see in a more positive light |
| 見慣れる | minareru | to become used to seeing; to be familiar with |
| 民家 | minka | private house |
| 見逃す | minogasu | to miss; to overlook; to fail to notice; to let pass a matter; to overlook e.g. a wrongdoing; to turn a blind eye to |
| 身の回り | mi no mawari | one’s personal belongings; one’s vicinity; one’s daily life; everyday necessities |
| 民族 | minzoku | people; race; nation; ethnic group; ethnos |
| 密閉 | mippei | shutting tightly; sealing something airtight |
| 密接 | missetsu | close relationship, connection, etc.; intimate; near; close together |
| 満たす | mitasu | to satisfy conditions, one’s appetite, etc.; to meet e.g. demands; to fulfill; to gratify |
| 見通し | mitooshi | unobstructed view; perspective; visibility; vista; forecast; outlook; prospect; prediction; insight; foresight |
| 見積書 | mitsumorisho | written estimate; quotation; quote |
| 見積もる | mitsumoru | to estimate |
| 見分ける | miwakeru | to distinguish; to recognize; to recognise; to tell apart; to differentiate both figuratively and visually |
| 見渡す | miwatasu | to look out over; to survey scene; to take an extensive view of |
| 溝 | mizo | ditch; drain; gutter; trench; groove; tread; gap between people, countries, etc.; gulf |
| 持ち出す | mochidasu | to take out; to carry out; to bring out from where it belongs; to mention something; to broach a topic; to bring up a subject |
| 持ち込む | mochikomu | to take something into …; to bring in; to carry in |
| 持ち主 | mochinushi | owner; proprietor; possessor e.g. of talent, beauty, etc. |
| 潜る | moguru | to dive into or under water; to get under; to get into; to get in; to creep into; to crawl under; to bury oneself; to burrow into; to dig oneself into; to snuggle under |
| 模範 | mohan | exemplar; model; example; pattern |
| 模型 | mokei | model; dummy; maquette |
| 木製 | mokusei | wooden; made of wood |
| 目的地 | mokutekichi | place of destination |
| 木材 | mokuzai | lumber; timber; wood |
| 問題点 | mondaiten | the problem at issue; the point at issue; problematic issue; problem |
| 物真似 | monomane | mimicry; imitation of someone, something |
| 物足りない | monotarinai | unsatisfied; unsatisfactory; insufficient |
| 盛り上がる | moriagaru | to swell; to rise; to bulge; to be piled up; to rouse; to get excited |
| もったいない | wasteful; a waste; impious; profane; sacrilegious; too good; more than one deserves; unworthy of | |
| 猛 | mou | prefix |
| 催し | moyooshi | event; festivities; function; social gathering; auspices; opening; holding a meeting |
| 最寄り | moyori | nearest; neighboring; nearby |
| 無 | mu/bu | prefix un-; non- |
| 無縁 | muen | unrelated; irrelevant; indifferent; without relations esp. of a deceased person; having no surviving relativescho |
| 無限 | mugen | infinity; infinitude; eternity; infinite; limitless |
| 無意識 | muishiki | unconsciousness; unconscious; involuntary; automatic; mechanical; unintentional; spontaneous |
| 無条件 | mujouken | unconditional |
| 矛盾 | mujun | contradiction; inconsistency |
| 無関係 | mukankei | unrelated |
| 無関心 | mukanshin | apathetic; indifferent |
| 昔話 | mukashibanashi | old tale; folk tale; legend; reminiscence |
| むかつく | to feel irritated; to feel offended; to feel angry; to feel sick; to feel nauseous | |
| 向き合う | mukiau | to be opposite; to face each other; to confront an issue; to face |
| 無口 | mukuchi | taciturn; reticent; quiet; silent; untalkative |
| 無給 | mukyuu | unpaid; nonsalaried |
| 無線 | musen | radio communication; wireless; not using wires |
| 蒸し暑い | mushiatsui | humid; sultry |
| 結びつく | musubitsuku | to be related; to be connected; to be joined together; to result in; to lead to; to bring about |
| 無数 | musuu | innumerable; countless; numberless |
| 傾らか | nadaraka | gently sloping; gentle; easy; smooth |
| 長続き | nagatsuzuki | lasting long; continuation; keeping at something; sticking to something |
| 嘆く | nageku | to lament; to grieve; to regret; to deplore |
| 和やか | nagoyaka | mild; calm; gentle; quiet; congenial; amicable; amiable; friendly; genial; harmonious; peaceful |
| 内 | nai | suffix inside; within |
| 内部 | naibu | interior; inside; internal |
| 内包 | naihou | connotation; comprehension; intension; inclusion; containment within |
| 内線 | naisen | phone extension; indoor wiring; inner line |
| 中庭 | nakaniwa | courtyard; quadrangle; middle court |
| 生中継 | namachuukei | live broadcast radio, TV; live coverage |
| 滑らか | nameraka | smooth of a surface; glassy; velvety; soft |
| 何度も | nandomo | many times over; often |
| 軟弱 | nanjaku | weakness |
| 何らか | nanraka | some; any; in any way; of some kind; of some sort |
| 慣れ | nare | practice; practising; experience |
| 成り立つ | naritatsu | to consist of; to be made up of; to be composed of; to be concluded |
| 成し遂げる | nashitogeru | to accomplish; to finish; to fulfill |
| 悩み | nayami | trouble; troubles; worry; distress; sorrows; anguish; agony; problem |
| 名づける | nazukeru | to name; to call; to christen; to term |
| 値上がり | neagari | price advance; increase in value |
| 値引き | nebiki | price reduction; discount |
| 根っこ | nekko | root of a plant; stump of a tree; root of a problem, etc.; base; foundation; origin; source |
| 寝転がる | nekorogaru | to lie down; to throw oneself down |
| 年度 | nendo | fiscal year usu. April 1 to March 31 in Japan; financial year; academic year; school year |
| 年金 | nenkin | annuity; pension |
| 年内 | nennai | by the end of the year |
| 狙う | nerau | to aim at; to be after something; to have an eye on |
| 熱する | nessuru | to heat up; to heat |
| 根強い | nezuyoi | firmly rooted; deep-seated |
| 鈍い | nibui | dull e.g. a knife; blunt; thickheaded; obtuse; stupid |
| 日用品 | nichiyouhin | daily necessities |
| 濁る | nigoru | to become muddy; to become cloudy; to get impure of a liquid, gas, etc. |
| 日課 | nikka | daily lesson; daily work; daily routine |
| 憎い | nikui | hateful; abominable; poor-looking; detestable |
| 憎しみ | nikushimi | hatred |
| 認識 | ninshiki | recognition; awareness; perception; understanding; knowledge; cognition; cognizance; cognisance |
| 偽物 | nisemono | spurious article; forgery; counterfeit; imitation; sham |
| 日数 | nissuu | a number of days |
| 荷造り | nizukuri | packing; baling; crating |
| 乗り越える | norikoeru | to climb over; to get over; to ride across; to overcome; to surpass; to overtake |
| 乗り継ぐ | noritsugu | to connect with a different flight, train, etc.; to make a connection; to change planes, trains, etc. |
| 農園 | nouen | plantation |
| 納品 | nouhin | delivery of goods |
| 濃厚 | nouko | rich in flavor, color, smell, etc.; thick; dense; strong |
| 能率 | nouritsu | efficiency |
| 農作物 | nousakubutsu | crops; agricultural produce |
| 農薬 | nouyaku | agricultural chemical i.e. pesticide, herbicide, fungicide, etc.; agrochemical; agrichemical |
| 覗く | nozoku | to peek through a keyhole, gap, etc.; to sneak a look at; to take a quick look atr |
| 入会 | nyuukai | admission; joining; enrollment; enrolment |
| 入会金 | nyuukaikin | initiation fee; admission fee |
| 入金 | nyuukin | deposit; payment; money received; money due |
| 入居 | nyuukyo | moving into house |
| 入居者 | nyuukyosha | tenant esp. residential tenant in apartment block; occupant; inhabitant; inmate |
| 入門 | nyuumon | entering an institution; beginning training; primer; manual; introduction to |
| 乳製品 | nyuuseihin | dairy products |
| 覚え書き | oboegaki | memo; memorandum; note |
| 落ち込む | ochikomu | to feel down; to feel sad; to be depressed; to be in low spirits; to be in a slump business, economy, etc.; to be in an unfavourable condition |
| 驚き | odoroki | surprise; astonishment; wonder; amazement |
| 補う | oginau | to compensate for; to supplement |
| 追い返す | oikaesu | to drive away; to turn away; to send away; to repel; to repulse |
| 追い求める | oimotomeru | to pursue |
| 追い越す | oikosu | to pass e.g. car; to overtake; to surpass; to outstrip; to get ahead of; to outdistance |
| 追い抜く | oinuku | to pass a car; to overtake; to surpass; to outstrip; to outdistance; to outsail |
| おかしな | ridiculous; odd | |
| 臆病 | okubyou | cowardly; timid; easily frightened |
| 屋外 | okugai | outdoors; alfresco |
| 遅れ | okure | delay; lag; postponement; falling behind |
| 奥底 | okusoko | depths; bottom of one’s heart |
| 思いがけない | omoigakenai | unexpected; contrary to expectations; by chance; casual |
| 思い返す | omoikaesu | to re-think; to think back upon; to change one’s mind |
| 思い切り | omoikiri | with all one’s strength; with all one’s heart; to the utmost; resolution; decisiveness |
| 思い込み | omoikomi | wrong impression; subjective impression; assumption; prejudice |
| 思い立つ | omoitatsu | to set one’s mind on doing; to get the idea of doing; to make up one’s mind |
| 思いつき | omoitsuki | plan; idea; suggestion |
| 思いつく | omoitsuku | to think of; to hit upon; to come into one’s mind; to be struck with an idea; to remember; to recall |
| 思い浮かぶ | omoiukabu | to occur to; to remind of; to come to mind |
| 重苦しい | omokurushii | heavy; gloomy; awkward; cumbrous; oppressive; leaden |
| 重み | omomi | weight |
| お似合い | oniai | well-matched esp. of a couple; becoming; suitable |
| 恩恵 | onkei | grace; favor; favour; blessing; benefit |
| 温厚 | onkou | gentle; mild-mannered |
| 音量 | onryou | volume sound |
| 大通り | oodoori | main street |
| 大げさ | oogesa | grandiose; exaggerated |
| 大声 | oogoe | loud voice |
| 大幅 | oohaba | big; large; drastic; substantial |
| 多く | ooku | many; much; largely; abundantly; mostly |
| 多目に | oome ni | plenty; lots |
| 大手 | oote | major company; big company |
| 折り返し | orikaeshi | by return; call or write back without delay |
| 折り畳む | oritatamu | to fold up; to fold into layers |
| 収まる | osamaru | to fit into a box, frame, category, etc.; to be contained within; to fall within e.g. a budget |
| 納める | osameru | to dedicate; to make an offering; to pay fees |
| おしゃれ | smartly dressed; stylish; fashion-conscious; someone smartly dressed; to dress up; to be fashionable | |
| 惜しい | oshii | regrettable; disappointing; unfortunate; precious; dear; valuable |
| 押し付ける | oshitsukeru | to press; to push; to force; to foist on task, responsibility; to impose one’s will |
| 教わる | osowaru | to be taught by; to learn from |
| お勧め | osusume | recommendation; advice; suggestion; encouragement |
| お手本 | otehon | example; role model |
| お手数 | otesuu | trouble; bother |
| お得 | otoku | economical; bargain; good value; good-value |
| 大人しい | otonashii | obedient; docile; quiet |
| 訪れる | otozureru | to visit; to call on; to arrive; to come; to appear |
| 欧米 | oubei | Europe and America; the West |
| 応募者 | oubosha | applicant |
| 応答 | outou | reply; answer; response |
| 親子 | oyako | parent and child |
| および | and; as well as | |
| 来日 | rainichi | arrival in Japan; coming to Japan; visit to Japan |
| 来学期 | raigakki | next semester |
| 来場 | raijou | attendance |
| 来場者 | raijousha | those attending |
| 来年度 | rainendo | next year; next fiscal year |
| 来店 | raiten | coming to a store restaurant, bar, shop, etc. |
| 来店者 | raitensha | visitor to a shop or restaurant; customer visiting a store or restaurant; patron |
| 楽観 | rakkan | optimism; taking an optimistic view |
| 欄 | ran | section e.g. in a newspaper; column; page; field in a form, web page, etc.; blank |
| 乱暴 | ranbou | violence; assault; running riot; rough e.g. handling; reckless; careless; coarse; rude; unreasonable e.g. demand; wild e.g. argument |
| 冷房 | reibou | cooling; air-conditioning |
| 例外 | reigai | exception |
| 礼儀作法 | reigisahou | etiquette; courtesy |
| 冷水 | reisui | cold water |
| 恋愛 | ren’ai | love; love-making; passion; emotion; affections |
| 連休 | renkyuu | consecutive holidays |
| 理解力 | rikairyoku | power of understanding; comprehensive faculty |
| 理系 | rikei | science |
| 陸上 | rikujou | on land; ground; shore |
| 裏面 | rimen | back; reverse; other side; inside; tails of coins; background |
| 臨時 | rinji | temporary; provisional; interim; special; extraordinary; extra |
| 履歴書 | rirekisho | personal history; curriculum vitae; resume |
| 立食 | risshoku | stand-up meal; buffet |
| 利点 | riten | advantage; point in favor |
| 論戦 | ronsen | verbal dispute |
| 労働力 | roudouryoku | labor; manpower; working force |
| 略す | ryakusu | to abbreviate; to omit; to abbreviate; to omit |
| 力 | ryoku | suffix strength; power; proficiency; ability |
| 寮 | ryou | hostel; dormitory |
| 領域 | ryouiki | area; domain; territory; field; range; region; regime |
| 了解 | ryoukai | comprehension; consent; understanding; agreement |
| 緑茶 | ryokucha | green tea; Japanese tea |
| 両面 | ryoumen | both sides; two sides; double-sided |
| 両者 | ryousha | pair; the two; both persons; both things |
| 了承 | ryoushou | acknowledgement; acknowledgment; understanding e.g. “please be understanding of the mess during our renovation”; noting; acceptance |
| 両端 | ryoutan | both ends; either end; both edges; double-mindedness; sitting on the fence |
| 流 | ryuu | suffix fashion; way; style; manner; class; rank; rate |
| 定める | sadameru | to decide; to determine; to establish; to lay down; to prescribe; to provide; to stipulate; to bring peace to; to make peaceful |
| 探る | saguru | to feel around for; to fumble for; to grope for; to search for; to look for; to investigate; to probe into; to spy on; to sound out |
| 再 | sai | prefix re-; again; repeated; deutero-; deuto-; deuter- |
| 最悪 | saiaku | worst; horrible; horrid; awful; terrible |
| 栽培 | saibai | cultivation |
| 最大 | saidai | biggest; greatest; largest; maximum |
| 再度 | saido | twice; again; second time |
| 災害 | saigai | calamity; disaster; misfortune |
| 再発 | saihatsu | return; relapse; reoccurrence |
| 再開 | saikai | reopening; resumption; restarting |
| 細菌 | saikin | bacterium; bacteria; germ |
| 最高齢 | saikourei | oldest; most advanced age |
| 再生 | saisei | resuscitation; regeneration; restoration to life; reformation; rehabilitation; playback; regeneration sound, etc.; view of a video clip |
| 最新 | saishin | latest; newest; late-breaking news |
| 最小限 | saishougen | minimum; lowest |
| 採集 | saishuu | collecting; gathering |
| 最終日 | saishuubi | last day; final day |
| 最速 | saisoku | fastest |
| 催促 | saisoku | pressing; urging; demanding; demand |
| 最低限 | saiteigen | minimum; at the very least |
| 最適 | saiteki | most suitable; optimum; optimal; best |
| 採用 | saiyou | use; adoption; acceptance; appointment; employment; engagement; recruitment |
| 坂道 | sakamichi | hill road |
| 遡る | sakanoboru | to go upstream; to go back in time, to origin; to date back to; to trace back to; to make retroactive |
| 先々 | sakizaki | distant future; inevitable future; places one goes to |
| 早急 | sakkyuu | immediate; prompt; quick; rapid; urgent; pressing |
| 作成 | sakusei | drawing up e.g. legal document, contract, will, etc.; preparing; writing; framing; making; producing; creating; creation |
| 妨げる | samatageru | to disturb; to prevent; to obstruct; to hinder |
| 山頂 | sanchou | summit of a mountain |
| 参観 | sankan | visit; inspection |
| 参照 | sanshou | reference; bibliographical reference; consultation; browsing e.g. when selecting a file to upload on a computer; checking out |
| 皿洗い | saraarai | washing-up; dish-washing |
| さらさら | rustling; murmuring; fluently; silky; smooth and dry; free-flowing | |
| 猿真似 | sarumane | indiscriminate imitation; monkey see, monkey do; blind follower |
| 細やか | sasayaka | meagre; meager; modest |
| ささやく | to whisper; to murmur | |
| 差し出す | sashidasu | to present; to submit; to tender; to hold out |
| 差し引く | sashihiku | to deduct; to take away; to dock; to make allowances for something; to bear something in mind |
| 差し支える | sashitsukaeru | to interfere; to hinder; to become impeded |
| さっさ | promptly; immediately; quickly; without delay | |
| 早速 | sassoku | at once; immediately; without delay; promptly |
| 撮影 | satsuei | photography still or motion; photographing; filming; shooting; video recording |
| 刺す | sasu | to pierce; to stab; to prick; to stick; to thrust; to sting; to bite |
| さわやか | fresh; refreshing; invigorating | |
| 狭める | sebameru | to narrow; to reduce; to contract |
| 接着 | secchaku | adhesion; glueing; gluing; bonding; binding; adhering; fastening |
| 設置 | secchi | establishment; institution; installation of a machine or equipment |
| 制 | sei | suffix system; organization; organisation; imperial command; laws; regulation; control; government; suppression; restraint; holding back; establishment |
| 整備 | seibi | maintenance; servicing; putting in place; establishment; development; preparation; provision; outfitting |
| 成分 | seibun | ingredient; component; composition |
| 声援 | seien | shout of encouragement; cheering; rooting; support |
| 精一杯 | seiippai | the best one can do; one’s best effort; with all one’s might; to the best of one’s ability |
| 成果 | seika | good result; outcome; fruits of one’s labors; product; accomplishment |
| 生計 | seikei | livelihood; living |
| 正門 | seimon | main gate; main entrance |
| 製作 | seisaku | manufacture; production |
| 制作 | seisaku | work film, book; production; creation; turning something out; development |
| 政策 | seisaku | political measures; policy |
| 清算 | seisan | settlement financial; squaring accounts; clearing debts; liquidation; ending a relationship; breaking up with; burying the past; redeeming one’s faults |
| 精神力 | seishinryoku | emotional strength; force of will |
| 性質 | seishitsu | nature; property; disposition |
| 清掃 | seisou | cleaning; clean-up; garbage collection; scavenging |
| 生得的 | seitokuteki | innate; inherent; natural; inborn |
| 生命力 | seimeiryoku | vitality; one’s life force |
| 性能 | seinou | ability; performance; efficiency |
| 成立 | seiritsu | formation; establishment; materialization; coming into existence; conclusion e.g. of a deal; approval; completion; arrangement |
| 生産者 | seisansha | manufacturer; producer |
| 政党 | seitou | political party |
| 設計者 | sekkeisha | designer |
| 設計図 | sekkeizu | plan; blueprint |
| 説教 | sekkyou | remonstration; scolding; lecturing |
| 選抜 | senbatsu | selection; choice; picking out |
| 選別 | senbetsu | selection; classification; sorting; screening; triage |
| 先着 | senchaku | arriving first |
| 戦後 | sengo | postwar period; period after Second World War |
| 専業主婦 | sengyoushufu | housewife |
| 選考 | senkou | selection; screening |
| 選挙 | senkyo | election |
| 鮮明 | senmei | vivid; clear; distinct |
| 専門書 | senmonsho | technical book; specialized book; treatise |
| 専門店 | senmonten | specialist shop; shop specializing in a few types of product |
| 専念 | sennen | absorption; giving undivided attention; devoting oneself to |
| 洗練 | senren | polish; refinement |
| 線路 | senro | railway track; railway line; railroad; railway; track; line |
| 戦略 | senryaku | strategy; tactics |
| 先先週 | sensenshuu | week before last |
| 洗濯機 | sentakuki | washing machine laundry |
| 洗剤 | senzai | detergent; cleanser; cleaning agent; washing material |
| 接する | sessuru | to touch; to come in contact with; to border on; to adjoin; to be adjacent; to be close; to receive e.g. visitor; to attend to; to serve; to take care of; to look after; to deal with; to see |
| 選出 | senshutsu | election; selection; choice |
| 選択肢 | sentakushi | choices; alternatives; options |
| 先端 | sentan | pointed end; tip; point; forefront; vanguard; spearhead; leading edge |
| 接続 | setsuzoku | connection; attachment; union; join; joint; link |
| 専用 | sen’you | exclusive use; personal use; dedicated |
| 専属 | senzoku | exclusive; attached to; specialist |
| 背負う | seou | to carry on one’s back; to be burdened with; to take responsibility for |
| 設定 | settei | establishment; creation; posing a problem; setting movie, novel, etc.; scene; options setting; preference settings; configuration; setup |
| 説得力 | settokuryoku | persuasiveness; powers of persuasion; cogency |
| 節電 | setsuden | conservation of electricity; brownout |
| 車内 | shanai | inside a train, car, etc. |
| 社内 | shanai | within a company; in-house |
| 車両 | sharyou | rolling stock; railroad cars; wheeled vehicles |
| 写生 | shasei | sketching; drawing from nature; portrayal; description |
| 写真家 | shashinka | photographer |
| 車窓 | shasou | train window; car window |
| 仕上げる | shiageru | to finish up; to complete; to finish off; to get through; to polish off |
| 痺れる | shibireru | to become numb; to go to sleep e.g. a limb; to get an electric shock; to tingle from an electric shock; to be excited; to be titillated; to be mesmerized; to be enthralled |
| 絞る | shiboru | to wring towel, rag; to squeeze; to press; to extract; to milk; to extort; to exploit |
| 志望 | shibou | wish; desire; ambition |
| 脂肪 | shibou | fat; grease; blubber; lard; suet |
| 渋い | shibui | astringent; bitter; puckery; rough; harsh; tart; austere; elegant and unobtrusive; refined; quiet and simple; sober; sombre; subdued; tasteful in a quiet way; understated; sour look; glum; grim; sullen; sulky |
| 試着 | shichaku | trying on clothes |
| 市長 | shichou | mayor |
| 支援 | shien | support; backing; aid; assistance |
| 志願 | shigan | aspiration; volunteering; desire; application |
| 志願者 | shigansha | applicant; candidate |
| 仕草 | shigusa | gesture; movement; action; behavior; behaviour; bearing; mannerism |
| 指標 | shihyou | index; indices; indicator |
| 支持 | shiji | support; backing; endorsement; approval |
| 司会 | shikai | leading a meeting; presiding over a meeting; officiating at a ceremony; chairmanship; chairman; presenter; host; moderator; master of ceremonies |
| 視界 | shikai | field of vision; visibility; view; visual field; one’s ken |
| 資格 | shikaku | qualifications; requirements; capabilities |
| 視覚 | shikaku | sense of sight; vision |
| 思考 | shikou | thought; consideration; thinking |
| 思考力 | shikouryoku | ability to think |
| 試行錯誤 | shikousakugo | trial and error |
| 仕組み | shikumi | structure; construction; arrangement; contrivance; mechanism; workings; plan; plot; contrivance |
| 至急 | shikyuu | urgent; pressing; immediate; prompt; express; urgently; promptly; at once; right away; without delay; as soon as possible |
| 氏名 | shimei | full name; identity |
| 使命 | shimei | mission; errand; task; duty; obligation |
| 締め切る | shimekiru | to close up; to shut up e.g. behind doors; to cut off e.g. because a deadline has expired; to close off e.g. subscription list |
| 湿っぽい | shimeppoi | damp; humid; wet; gloomy; melancholy |
| 湿る | shimeru | to become damp; to become moist; to become wet |
| 染み付く | shimitsuku | to be indelibly stained or ingrained; to be dyed in deeply |
| 芯 | shin | wick; marrow; staple for stapler; pencil lead; stuffing; pith; core; heart; centre; center |
| 新 | shin | prefix new; neo- |
| 新築 | shinchiku | new building; new construction |
| 振動 | shindou | oscillation; vibration; swing e.g. of a pendulum |
| 進化 | shinka | evolution; progress |
| 進行 | shinkou | moving forward e.g. vehicle; onward movement; advance work, procedure, etc.; advancement; progress |
| 真の | shinno | true; real; genuine; proper; utter |
| 進入 | shinnyuu | entry; approach; penetration |
| 新設 | shinsetsu | establishing; founding; setting up; organizing; establishment |
| 進出 | shinshutsu | advance; stepping forward; emerging |
| 深夜 | shin’ya | late at night |
| 信頼性 | shinraisei | credibility; authenticity; confidence; reliability |
| 素人 | shirouto | amateur; layman; ordinary person; novice |
| 視力 | shiryoku | eyesight |
| 新品 | shinpin | brand-new article |
| 申請 | shinsei | application; request; petition |
| 申請書 | shinseisho | written application |
| 視察 | shisatsu | inspection; observation |
| 施設 | shisetsu | institution; establishment; facility |
| 質素 | shisso | simple; plain; modest; frugal; reserved |
| 下書き | shitagaki | draft; rough copy |
| 親しむ | shitashimu | to be intimate with; to befriend |
| 指摘 | shiteki | pointing out; identification |
| 視点 | shiten | opinion; point of view; visual point |
| しわ | wrinkle; crease; ripple | |
| 視野 | shiya | field of vision; view; one’s outlook e.g. on life; one’s horizons |
| 自然界 | shizenkai | nature; the natural world; realm of nature |
| 沈める | shizumeru | to sink; to submerge; to floor an opponent |
| 諸 | sho | various; many; several |
| 初夏 | shoka | early summer |
| 初回 | shokai | first time; first innings; initial attempt |
| 初期 | shoki | early days; initial stage; initial |
| 食器類 | shokkirui | dinnerware; cutlery |
| 食 | shoku | counter meal |
| 食費 | shokuhi | food expense |
| 職員 | shokuin | staff member; personnel |
| 職人 | shokunin | craftsman; artisan; tradesman; worker; workman |
| 食生活 | shokuseikatsu | eating habits |
| 初心者 | shoshinsha | beginner |
| 初対面 | shotaimen | |
| 書店 | shoten | bookshop; bookstore |
| 象徴 | shouchou | abstract symbol; emblem; representation |
| 商業 | shougyou | commerce; trade; business |
| 勝敗 | shouhai | victory or defeat; issue of battle; outcome |
| 賞品 | shouhin | prize; trophy |
| 消費者 | shouhisha | consumer |
| 生じる | shoujiru | to produce; to yield; to cause; to result from; to arise; to be generated |
| 消化 | shouka | digestion of food; digestion of information; assimilation; thorough understanding; consumption; absorption; using up; meeting e.g. a quota; completion |
| 消極的 | shoukyokuteki | negative; passive; half-hearted; unmotivated |
| 照明 | shoumei | illumination; lighting |
| 正面 | shoumen | front; frontage; facade; main |
| 消耗 | shoumou | exhaustion; consumption; using up; dissipation; waste |
| 小児科 | shounika | pediatrics |
| 省略 | shouryaku | omission; abbreviation; abridgment; abridgement |
| 詳細 | shousai | details; particulars; specifics; detailed; specific; minute |
| 少子化 | shoushika | declining birth rates; decrease in the number of children |
| 消失 | shoushitsu | dying out; disappearance; vanishing; elimination; loss; absence |
| 少数 | shousuu | minority; few |
| 焦点 | shouten | focus e.g. photographic; focal point |
| 商店街 | shoutengai | shopping district; shopping street; downtown |
| 所有 | shoyuu | one’s possessions; ownership |
| 所属 | shozoku | belonging to a group, organization, etc.; affiliation with; being attached to; being under the control of |
| 主人公 | shujinkou | protagonist; main character; heroine of a story |
| 主観 | shukan | subjectivity; subject philosophical; ego; one’s personal opinion; one’s own idea |
| 宿泊先 | shukuhakusaki | lodging place |
| 祝日 | shukujitsu | national holiday; public holiday |
| 出版社 | shuppansha | publisher; publishing house; publishing company |
| 出発点 | shuppatsuten | starting point; point of departure |
| 主力 | shuryoku | main force; chief object; mainline |
| 主催 | shusai | sponsorship i.e. conducting under one’s auspices; promotion; organizing; organising; hosting; staging |
| 出世 | shusse | success in life; getting ahead; successful career; promotion; climbing the corporate ladder; eminence |
| 出社 | shussha | going to work e.g. in the morning; coming to work |
| 出身地 | shusshinchi | birthplace; native place |
| 出席者 | shussekisha | those present; attendance |
| 主体 | shutai | main constituent; core; nucleus; subject philosophical; protagonist |
| 取得 | shutoku | acquisition; obtaining; gaining possession; purchase |
| 出演 | shutsuen | performance; appearance in a stage, film, TV show, etc. |
| 出演者 | shutsuensha | performer; entertainer; actor |
| 集 | shuu | suffix collection; compilation |
| 修学旅行 | shuugakuryokou | excursion; field trip; school trip |
| 修業 | shuugyou | pursuit of knowledge; studying; learning; training; completing a course |
| 周辺 | shuuhen | circumference; outskirts; environs; around; in the area of; in the vicinity of |
| 周年 | shuunen | whole year; entire year; -th year anniversary |
| 収納 | shuunou | storage; putting or stowing away |
| 秀才 | shuusai | bright person; talented student; prodigy |
| 就職活動 | shuushokukatsudou | job hunting; job searching |
| 収集 | shuushuu | collecting; accumulating; gathering; collection of art, stamps, insects, etc. |
| 習得 | shuutoku | learning; acquisition of a skill, knowledge, etc. |
| 取材 | shuzai | news coverage; collecting data e.g. for an article; covering something for media |
| 率直 | socchoku | frank; candid; straightforward; openhearted; direct; outspoken |
| 添える | soeru | to garnish; to accompany as a card does a gift; to add to as support; to prop up |
| 側面 | sokumen | side; flank; profile; sidelight; lateral; aspect; dimension |
| 速達 | sokutatsu | express; special delivery |
| 測定 | sokutei | measurement |
| 即座に | sokuza | immediately; right away; on the spot |
| 染まる | somaru | to be dyed; to be tainted; to be infected; to be stained; to be steeped |
| そもそも | in the first place; to begin with; from the start; originally; ab initio | |
| 揃える | soroeru | to collect; to gather; to get together; to complete a collection; to arrange; to put in order; to prepare; to get ready |
| 揃う | sorou | to be complete; to be all present; to make a full set; to be satisfied of conditions; to gather; to assemble; to be collected |
| そそっかしい | careless; thoughtless; hasty; rash | |
| 素質 | soshitsu | character; qualities; genius; the makings of |
| 外側 | sotogawa | exterior; outside; outer; external; lateral |
| 添う | sou | to meet wishes, expectations, etc.; to satisfy; to comply with; to live up to |
| 沿う | sou | to run along; to run beside; to stick to a line; to follow a policy, plan, etc.; to act in accordance with; to align with |
| 総 | sou | prefix |
| 送付 | soufu | sending esp. email attachments; forwarding; remitting |
| 総額 | sougaku | sum total; total amount |
| 相互 | sougo | mutual; reciprocal |
| 総合 | sougou | synthesis; coordination; putting together; integration; composite; comprehensive |
| 相違 | soui | difference; discrepancy; variation |
| 倉庫 | souko | storehouse; warehouse; godown |
| 送客 | soukyaku | sending customers somebody’s way |
| 総務 | soumu | general affairs; general business; manager; director; adjutant general |
| 相応 | souou | suitable; appropriate; befitting; becoming; adequate; reasonable; proper |
| 創立 | souritsu | establishment; founding; organization; organisation |
| 送料 | souryou | postage; carriage; shipping charge |
| 創作 | sousaku | creation; production; creative work novel, film, etc.; original work; creative writing; fabrication; fiction; invention |
| 送信 | soushin | transmission; sending |
| 総数 | sousuu | total number; count |
| 相対的 | soutaiteki | relative |
| そうとう | corresponding to in meaning, function, etc.; being equivalent to; appropriate; suitable; befitting; proportionate | |
| 創造 | souzou | creation |
| 騒々しい | souzoushii | noisy; loud; boisterous; clamorous; raucous; turbulent; unsettled; restless |
| 素材 | sozai | ingredient; raw material; resource; unprocessed timber; raw timber |
| 据える | sueru | to place in position; to fix; to set e.g. table; to lay foundation; to install; to seat someone; to settle upon something; to fix e.g. one’s gaze |
| 水分 | suibun | water; liquid; fluid; moisture; humidity; sap; juice |
| 垂直 | suichoku | vertical |
| 水平 | suihei | horizontal; level; even |
| 水面 | suimen | water’s surface |
| 推薦書 | suisensho | recommendation; nomination |
| 吸い取る | suitoru | to absorb; to squeeze money |
| 好き嫌い | sukikirai | likes and dislikes; pickiness about food; choosiness; fussiness; tastes; preferences |
| すっきり | refreshingly; with a feeling of relief; pleasantly; a weight off one’s shoulder; shapely; neatly; cleanly; without trouble | |
| 住まい | sumai | dwelling; house; residence; address |
| 済ます | sumasu | to finish; to get it over with; to conclude; to settle; to pay back |
| 隅々 | sumizumi | nooks; corners |
| 素直 | sunao | obedient; meek; docile; unaffected; honest; frank; upfront about one’s feelings |
| すらすら | smoothly; easily; readily | |
| 数値 | suuchi | numerical value; numerics; reading on a meter, etc. |
| 数分 | suufun | several minutes; a few minutes |
| 数量 | suuryou | quantity; volume; amount |
| 多 | ta | prefix |
| 束ねる | tabaneru | to tie up in a bundle e.g. straw, hair, bills, letters; to bundle; to sheathe; to govern; to manage; to control; to administer |
| 旅先 | tabisaki | destination; goal of travel; place one stays during a journey |
| 立ち止まる | tachidomaru | to stop in one’s tracks; to come to a stop; to halt; to pause; to stand still |
| たちまち | in an instant; in a moment; immediately; right away; at once; suddenly; all of a sudden; all at once | |
| 多大 | tadai | great quantity, amount, etc.; huge; enormous; serious |
| 辿り着く | tadoritsuku | to arrive at after a struggle; to finally reach; to find one’s way to; to finally hit on e.g. an idea |
| 耐える | taeru | to bear; to stand; to endure; to put up with; to support; to withstand; to resist; to brave |
| 多額 | tagaku | large amount of money; huge; hefty; expensive |
| 多発 | tahatsu | repeated occurrence |
| 対 | tai | opposite; opposition; versus; vs.; v. |
| 大別 | taibetsu | general classification; broad categorization |
| 体調 | taichou | physical condition; state of health |
| 体外 | taigai | ectogenesis; outside the body |
| 対比 | taihi | contrast; comparison |
| 体感 | taikan | bodily sensation; sense; experience |
| 退場 | taijou | exit from a stage; leaving; exit |
| 体格 | taikaku | physique; constitution |
| 体型 | taikei | figure; body shape; build; physique; form |
| 体験 | taiken | personal experience; physical experience; one’s own experience |
| 対抗 | taikou | opposition; antagonism |
| 体内 | tainai | interior of the body |
| 対応 | taiou | correspondence to; equivalence |
| 対立 | tairitsu | suitability; coordination; matching; being appropriate for |
| 対策 | taisaku | measure; provision; step; countermeasure; counterplan; countermove |
| 体制 | taisei | order; system; structure; set-up; organization; organisation |
| 対戦 | taisen | waging war; competition |
| 退社 | taisha | resignation; leaving office; leaving work e.g. at the end of the day |
| 体質 | taishitsu | constitution physical; physical make-up; predisposition to disease; disposition; tendency; character of a group, organization, etc.; innate characteristics; make-up; nature; culture |
| 対処 | taisho | dealing with; coping with |
| 退職 | taishoku | retirement; resignation |
| 対象外 | taishougai | not covered by; not subject to |
| 退出 | taishutsu | leaving e.g. work at end of day; withdrawal e.g. from a noble’s or superior’s presence; exit e.g. from a market |
| 大敵 | taiteki | great rival; powerful enemy; archenemy |
| 対等 | taitou | equality esp. of status, on equal terms; equivalence |
| 高まる | takamaru | to rise; to swell; to be promoted |
| 高め | takame | high e.g. ball in baseball; highish; on the high side; on the expensive side; comparatively expensive |
| 高める | takameru | to raise; to lift; to boost; to enhance |
| 滝 | taki | waterfall |
| 宅配 | takuhai | home delivery |
| 宅配便 | takuhaibin | express home delivery service |
| 逞しい | takumashii | burly; strong; sturdy; indomitable; indefatigable; strong-willed; resolute; bold |
| 蓄える | takuwaeru | to store; to save up; to stock up on; to lay in stock; to set aside; to accumulate e.g. knowledge; to build up e.g. experience; to develop e.g. one’s skills |
| たくましい | burly; strong; sturdy; indomitable; indefatigable; strong-willed; resolute; bold | |
| 溜める | tameru | to amass; to accumulate; to store; to leave unpaid |
| 保つ | tamotsu | to keep; to preserve; to hold; to retain; to maintain; to sustain; to last; to endure; to keep well food; to wear well; to be durable |
| 多難 | tanan | full of troubles, difficulties |
| 単調 | tanchou | monotony; monotone; dullness |
| 単純明快 | tanjunmeikai | simple and clear; plain and simple |
| 短期間 | tankikan | short term; short time |
| 頼もしい | tanomoshii | reliable; trustworthy; hopeful; promising |
| 単身 | tanshin | alone; unaided; away from home |
| 短縮 | tanshuku | shortening; contraction; reduction; curtailment; abbreviation |
| 担当者 | tantousha | person in charge of an area of work; person responsible; contact person |
| たっぷり | full; in plenty; ample | |
| 多量 | taryou | large quantity; large amount |
| 多彩 | tasai | variegated; varicoloured; varicolored; multi-coloured; multi-colored; diverse |
| 他者 | tasha | another person; others |
| 多種多様 | tashutayou | a great variety of; diversity |
| 達成 | tassei | achievement; attainment; accomplishment; realization |
| 達成感 | tasseikan | sense of accomplishment |
| 多数 | tasuu | large number of; many; majority |
| 畳む | tatamu | to fold clothes, umbrella; to close a shop, business |
| 立て替える | tatekaeru | to pay for another; to pay someone else’s debt as a loan to him; to make temporary payment on a person’s behalf |
| 頼り | tayori | reliance; dependence |
| 多用 | tayou | busyness; a lot of things to do; frequent use; heavy use of; many uses |
| 多様 | tayou | diverse; varied |
| 多様化 | tayouka | diversification |
| 多様性 | tayousei | diversity; variety |
| 手が空く | te ga aku/te ga suku | to be free; to be available |
| 手に入れる | te ni ireru | to obtain; to procure |
| 手に付かない | te ni tsukanai | unable to concentrate on due to distractions, etc. |
| 手足 | teashi | hands and feet; limbs |
| 手早い | tebayai | nimble; quick; agile |
| 手帳 | techou | notebook; memo pad; pocket diary |
| 手書き | tegaki | handwriting; handwritten; hand-painted; hand-drawn |
| 手軽 | tegaru | easy; simple; informal; offhand; cheap |
| 手頃 | tegoro | moderate; handy; convenient; reasonable |
| 定着 | teichaku | sticking in one place, position, etc.; settling; fixing; adherence; becoming established of a custom, system, etc.; taking hold; taking root |
| 庭園 | teien | garden; park |
| 定員 | teiin | fixed number of people; prescribed number of regular personnel, students, etc.; quota; numerical limit; complement |
| 提示 | teiji | presentation; exhibit; suggest; citation |
| 定価 | teika | list price; regular price; established price |
| 低下 | teika | fall; decline; lowering; deterioration; degradation |
| 低価格 | teikaku | low price |
| 低気圧 | teikiatsu | low atmospheric pressure; low-pressure system; depression; cyclone; bad temper; foul mood; tense situation |
| 低コスト | teikosuto | low cost |
| 抵抗感 | teikoukan | antipathy; reluctance; resistance |
| 提供 | teikyou | offer; tender; providing; supplying; making available; donating blood, organs, etc.; sponsoring a TV program |
| 定年 | teinen | retirement age; years of service in a military rank before eligibility for promotion |
| 手入れ | teire | care; looking after; repair; maintenance; tending; trimming; grooming; police raid; crackdown |
| 停止 | teishi | stoppage; coming to a stop; halt; standstill; ceasing movement, activity, etc.; suspension of operations; interruption e.g. of electricity supply; cutting off |
| 的確 | tekikaku | precise; accurate; appropriate; exactly the right |
| 適性 | tekisei | aptitude; aptness; suitability |
| 手元 | temoto | at hand; on hand; nearby; close at hand; way of moving one’s arms; skill; money at hand; pocket money |
| 店長 | tenchou | shop manager |
| 展示 | tenji | exhibition; display |
| 転換 | tenkan | conversion; diversion; changeover; commutation; switchover |
| 点検 | tenken | inspection; examination; checking |
| 転勤 | tenkin | job transfer; job relocation; intra-company transfer |
| 転校 | tenkou | changing schools |
| 天候不順 | tenkoufujun | unseasonable weather; fickle weather; bad weather |
| 転校生 | tenkousei | transfer student; student changing schools |
| 添付 | tenpu | attaching documents, etc.; appending; affixing |
| 手作業 | tesagyou | manual labor; manual procedures |
| 訂正 | teisei | correction; revision; amendment |
| 転職 | tenshoku | change of occupation; career change |
| 天才 | tenzai | genius; prodigy; natural gift |
| 手数料 | tesuuryou | handling charge; commission |
| 手続き | tetsuzuki | procedure; process; proceedings; formalities |
| 飛び散る | tobichiru | to fly around; to scatter |
| 飛び回る | tobimawaru | to fly about; to skip about; to bustle about |
| 乏しい | toboshii | meagre; meager; scarce; limited; destitute; hard up; lacking; scanty; poor |
| 問い合わせ | toiawase | enquiry; inquiry; query; interrogation |
| 問い合わせる | toiawaseru | to enquire; to inquire; to seek information |
| 閉じこもる | tojikomoru | to seclude oneself; to shut oneself away |
| 問いかける | toikakeru | to ask a question; to begin to ask a question |
| 溶かす | tokasu | to dissolve; to melt |
| 特効薬 | tokkouyaku | specific medicine; wonder drug; silver bullet |
| 特色 | tokushoku | characteristic; feature; idiosyncrasy; personal color |
| 特殊 | tokushu | special; particular; peculiar; unique |
| 特集 | tokushuu | feature e.g. newspaper; special edition; report |
| 特定 | tokutei | specific; particular; designated; special; specifying; designating; identifying; pinpointing |
| 得点 | tokuten | scoring; score; points made; marks obtained; goals; runs |
| 共働き | tomobataraki | husband and wife both working; dual income |
| 伴う | tomonau | to accompany; to go hand in hand with; to be consequent upon; to be accompanied by; to bring with; to take with; to be involved in |
| 遠回り | toomawari | detour; roundabout way |
| 取扱 | toriatsukai | treatment; service; handling; management |
| 取り入れる | toriireru | to harvest; to reap; to take in; to gather in; to adopt e.g. idea; to accept e.g. advice; to introduce |
| 取り組み | torikumi | bout in sports, etc.; match; effort; initiative; dealing with; grappling with; wrestling with |
| 取り込む | torikomu | to take in; to bring in; to adopt e.g. behaviour; to introduce; to win over; to please; to curry favour with; to flatter |
| 取り消し | torikeshi | cancellation; withdrawal; abolition; revocation; cancel |
| 取り組む | torikumu | to grapple with; to wrestle with; to engage in a bout; to be matched against; to tackle e.g. a problem; to come to grips with; to work hard on |
| 取り除く | torinozoku | to remove; to deinstall; to take away; to set apart |
| 取り付く | toritsuku | to cling to; to hold on to; to hold fast to; to set about doing; to begin; to commence; to undertake |
| 取り寄せる | toriyoseru | to order; to send away for; to have something sent to one |
| 都心 | toshin | city centre center esp. capital city; urban centre; heart of city a metropolis |
| 年取る | toshitoru | to grow old; to age |
| 年上 | toshiue | older; senior |
| 整える | totonoeru | |
| 整う | totonou | to be ready; to be prepared; to be arranged; to be in order; to be put in order; to be well-ordered; to be well-proportioned; to be harmonious; to be adjusted; to be regulated; to be refined e.g. of a face |
| 取っ手 | totte | handle; grip; knob |
| 逃亡 | toubou | escape; flight; running away; elopement; fleeing |
| 当分 | toubun | for the present; for the time being |
| 逃避 | touhi | escape; evasion; flight |
| 統一 | touitsu | unity; consolidation; uniformity; unification; compatible |
| 登場 | toujou | entry on stage; appearance on screen; entrance; introduction into a market |
| 統計 | toukei | statistics |
| 陶器 | touki | porcelain esp. soft-paste porcelain; china; chinaware; earthenware; pottery; ceramics; crockery |
| 登校 | toukou | attendance at school; going to school |
| 透明 | toumei | transparent; clear |
| 登録 | touroku | registration; accession; register; entry; record |
| 討論 | touron | debate; discussion |
| 到達 | toutatsu | reaching; attaining; arrival |
| 到底 | toutei | by no means; not at all; cannot possibly; utterly; absolutely |
| 取り上げる | toriageru | to pick up; to adopt e.g. a proposal; to accept; to take up a topic, complaint, etc.; to listen to; to deal with; to feature |
| 取り掛かる | torikakaru | to begin; to set about; to start |
| 取り戻す | torimodosu | to take back; to regain; to get back; to recover |
| 登山家 | tozanka | mountain climber; mountaineer |
| 潰す | tsubusu | to smash; to crush; to flatten; to kill time; to while away the time |
| 呟く | tsubuyaku | to mutter; to murmur; to grumble |
| 追加 | tsuika | addition; supplement; appending; appendix |
| 追求 | tsuikyuu | pursuit of a goal, ideal, etc.; search; chase; seeking after |
| 追及 | tsuikyuu | investigation e.g. into someone’s guilt; questioning; pressing; hounding; pinning down; catching up; overtaking |
| 使い分ける | tsukaiwakeru | to use properly; to use different things for different purposes |
| 付け加え | tsukekuwae | addition to something |
| 付け加える | tsukekuwaeru | to add one thing to another; to add a few more words, an explanation, etc. |
| 作り上げる | tsukuriageru | to build up; to complete; to construct; to create; to invent; to cook up |
| つまずく | to stumble; to trip; to fail | |
| 積み重なる | tsumikasanaru | to pile up; to stack up; to accumulate |
| 積み重ねる | tsumikasaneru | to pile up; to accumulate |
| 積む | tsumu | to pile up; to stack; to load car, ship, etc.; to pack; to acquire; to accumulate |
| 繋がる | tsunagaru | to be tied together; to be connected to; to be linked to; to lead to; to be related to |
| 努める | tsutomeru | to endeavor endeavour; to try; to strive; to make an effort; to exert oneself; to be diligent; to be committed to doing something |
| 通知 | tsuuchi | notice; notification; report; posting |
| 通常 | tsuujou | usual; ordinary; normal; regular; general; common |
| 通路 | tsuuro | passage; pathway; roadway; avenue; aisle |
| 通信販売 | tsuushinhanbai | mail order; mail-order sales; shop-by-mail service; on-line shopping service with delivery by mail |
| 通用 | tsuuyou | popular use; circulation; to pass as; to pass for |
| 強火 | tsuyobi | high flame cooking; high heat; strong heat |
| 強気 | tsuyoki | confident; assured; self-assured; firm; strong; cocksure |
| 強める | tsuyomeru | to strengthen; to emphasize; to emphasise |
| 強み | tsuyomi | forte; strong point |
| 打ち明ける | uchiakeru | to confide; to reveal; to disclose; to lay bare; to speak frankly; to open one’s heart |
| 打ち合わせ | uchiawase | advance arrangements; preparatory meeting; briefing session |
| 内側 | uchigawa | inside; interior; inner part |
| 打ち消す | uchikesu | to deny; to contradict; to negate esp. a sound; to drown out |
| 宇宙人 | uchuujin | space alien; alien; extraterrestrial being |
| 動き | ugoki | movement; move; motion; trend; development; change; fluctuation |
| 浮かぶ | ukabu | to float; to be suspended; to rise to surface; to come to mind; to have inspiration |
| 受け入れる | ukeireru | to accept; to receive; to agree |
| 受け答え | ukekotae | reply; response; answer |
| 埋め込む | umekomu | to bury; to embed; to implant |
| 有無 | umu | existence or nonexistence; presence or absence; consent or refusal; yes or no |
| 運が良い | un ga yoi | lucky |
| 促す | unagasu | to urge; to encourage; to press; to prompt; to draw attention to; to stimulate e.g. growth; to hasten e.g. development; to quicken; to accelerate; to promote |
| うなずく | to nod; to bow one’s head in assent; to agree | |
| 運賃 | unchin | passenger fare; freight rates; shipping expenses |
| 運営 | un’ei | management; administration; operation |
| 運送 | unsou | transport; freight; shipping |
| 占う | uranau | to tell someone’s fortune; to forecast; to predict; to divine |
| 売れ行き | ureyuki | sales; demand |
| 売り上げ | uriage | amount sold; sales; proceeds; takings; turnover |
| 売り切れ | urikire | sold-out |
| うろうろ | restlessly; aimlessly; without purpose | |
| 薄暗い | usugurai | dim; gloomy |
| 薄れる | usureru | to fade; to become dim |
| 雨天 | uten | rainy weather |
| うとうと | falling into a doze; dozing off; nodding off | |
| うつむく | to hang one’s head; to look down; to cast one’s eyes downward | |
| 移し替える | utsushikaeru | to shift something to; to move something into; to transfer; to transplant; to transpose; to exchange; to displace |
| 映る | utsuru | to be reflected; to harmonize with harmonise; to come out photo; to be projected; to be displayed on a screen |
| 器 | utsuwa | bowl; vessel; container; ability; capacity; calibre; caliber |
| 上回る | uwamawaru | to exceed esp. figures |
| 和風 | wafuu | Japanese style |
| わがまま | selfish; egoist; self-indulgent; wilful; willful | |
| 分かれる | wakareru | to separate; to split; to divide; to disperse; to scatter |
| 若々しい | wakawakashii | youthful; young; young-looking |
| 湧く | waku | to well up; to gush forth of water; to spring out; to surge; to appear esp. suddenly sweat, tears, etc. |
| 枠組み | wakugumi | frame; framework; outline |
| 割り込む | warikomu | to cut into a line, conversation, etc.; to force oneself into e.g. a crowd; to wedge oneself into; to squeeze oneself into; to intrude on; to interrupt |
| 脇道 | wakimichi | side road; byroad |
| 悪者 | warumono | bad fellow; rascal; ruffian; scoundrel |
| 和食 | washoku | Japanese food; Japanese-style meal; Japanese cuisine |
| 忘れ去る | wasuresaru | to forget completely; to leave behind |
| 破れる | yabureru | to get torn; to tear; to rip; to break; to wear out; to collapse; to fall into ruin |
| 敗れる | yabureru | to be defeated; to be beaten; to be unsuccessful; to lose |
| 喧しい | yakamashii | noisy; loud; clamorous; boisterous; much talked of; much-discussed; vexed |
| 夜勤 | yakin | night shift |
| 薬品 | yakuhin | medicine; chemicals |
| 役目 | yakume | duty; role; function |
| 約束事 | yakusokugoto | promise; vow; engagement; convention; rule; resolution |
| やむを得ない | yamu o enai | cannot be helped; unavoidable |
| やり甲斐 | yarigai | being worth doing |
| 養う | yashinau | to support; to maintain; to provide for; to bring up; to raise; to rear; to feed; to cultivate a habit, a quality, etc.; to develop; to build up; to foster |
| 安値 | yasune | low price |
| 屋台 | yatai | cart esp. a food cart; stall; stand |
| 野党 | yatou | opposition party; political opposition; opposition |
| 呼びかける | yobikakeru | to call out to; to hail; to address; to appeal |
| 呼び止める | yobitomeru | to challenge; to call somebody to halt |
| 予感 | yokan | presentiment; premonition; hunch |
| 欲求 | yokkyuu | desire; want; will; wish; urge; craving |
| 欲張り | yokubari | greed; avarice; covetousness; greedy person |
| 欲張る | yokubaru | to covet; to lust for |
| 読み込む | yomikomu | to read thoroughly; to read repeatedly; to read extra meaning into something |
| 読み手 | yomite | reader person |
| 読み取る | yomitoru | to read and understand; to take in; to sense from external cues; to read someone’s mind |
| よっぽど | very; greatly; much; to a large extent; quite | |
| 寄り道 | yorimichi | dropping in on the way; stopping off at; making a side trip; going the long way round; making a detour |
| 夜型 | yorugata | nocturnal person |
| 夜遅く | yoruosoku | late at night; at a late hour |
| 予選 | yosen | preliminary contest; qualifying round; trial; heat; primary |
| 寄せる | yoseru | to come near; to let someone approach; to bring near; to bring together; to collect; to gather; to press; to push; to force |
| 予定表 | yoteihyou | schedule; program; programme; itinerary |
| 幼稚 | youchi | infancy; childish; infantile; immature; primitive |
| 幼稚園 | youchien | kindergarten |
| 用具 | yougu | tool; implement; instrument; equipment |
| 用品 | youhin | articles; supplies; parts |
| 要因 | youin | main cause; primary factor |
| 要件 | youken | important matter; requirement; requisite; necessary condition; sine qua non |
| 用件 | youken | business; thing to be done; something that should be performed; information that should be conveyed |
| 容量 | youryou | capacity; volume |
| 養成 | yousei | training; education; development; cultivation |
| 容姿 | youshi | physical appearance of a person; one’s face and figure |
| 要旨 | youshi | point; essentials; gist; summary; fundamentals |
| 様式 | youshiki | style; form; pattern |
| 要所 | yousho | important point; important position |
| 要するに | you suru ni | |
| 用途 | youto | use; service; purpose |
| 弱気 | yowaki | timid; weak-kneed; fainthearted |
| 弱まる | yowamaru | to abate; to weaken; to be emaciated; to be dejected; to be perplexed |
| 弱々しい | yowayowashii | frail; slender; feminine |
| 夜空 | yozora | night sky |
| 指差す | yubisasu | to point at |
| 油断 | yudan | negligence; carelessness; inattention; unpreparedness |
| 行方 | yukue | one’s whereabouts |
| 緩やか | yuruyaka | loose; slack; gentle slope, curve; slow speed |
| ゆったり | comfortable; easy; calm; relaxed; loose; spacious | |
| 有害 | yuugai | harmful; hazardous |
| 有限 | yuugen | finite; limited |
| 夕日 | yuuhi | evening sun; setting sun |
| 有意義 | yuuigi | significant; useful; meaningful; worthwhile; valuable; of interest |
| 有人 | yuujin | manned; occupied; piloted |
| 有給 | yuukyuu | salaried; with pay |
| 有力 | yuuryoku | influential; prominent; strong; likely; plausible; potent |
| 有力者 | yuuryokusha | influential person; man of importance |
| 優良 | yuuryou | superior; excellent; fine |
| 優先 | yuusen | preference; priority; precedence |
| 郵送 | yuusou | mailing; posting |
| 憂鬱 | yuuutsu | depression; melancholy; dejection; gloom; despondency |
| 在学 | zaigaku | attending school, college, etc.; being enrolled; being a student |
| 在籍 | zaiseki | being enrolled at a school; being registered; being a member of a team, organization, etc. |
| 材質 | zaishitsu | material; material properties; quality of material |
| 残業代 | zangyoudai | overtime pay; overtime money; overtime payment |
| 雑草 | zassou | weed |
| 雑談 | zatsudan | chatting; idle talk |
| ざわざわ | noisily e.g. from many people talking; creating a commotion; rustling leaves; feeling a chill; getting the chills | |
| 税関 | zeikan | customs; customs house |
| 税込 | zeikomi | tax included e.g. price; before tax e.g. salary |
| 全額 | zengaku | total; full amount; sum |
| 前半 | zenhan | first half |
| 全面 | zenmen | whole surface; entire |
| 全般 | zenpan | the whole; entirety; wholly; as a whole; generally; universally |
| 前回 | zenkai | previous time; last time; previous installment; previous instalment; previous session |
| 全面的 | zenmenteki | total; complete; all-out; general; extensive; full-scale |
| 全力 | zenryoku | all one’s power strength, energy, efforts; one’s utmost |
| 前提 | zentei | condition; assumption; prerequisite; hypothesis |
| 沿い | zoi | suffix along |
| 続行 | zokkou | continuation; continuance; going on; resuming |
| 続出 | zokushutsu | appearing one after another; cropping up one after another; occurring in succession |
| 属する | zokusuru | to belong to; to come under; to be affiliated with; to be subject to |
| 続々 | zokuzoku | successively; one after another |
| 存分 | zonbun | to one’s heart’s content; as much as one wants |
| 増大 | zoudai | enlargement; increase |
| 増減 | zougen | increase and decrease; fluctuation |
| 図表 | zuhyou | chart; diagram; graph; figure |
| 漬け | zuke | suffix pickled in something; preserved in; dipped in |
| 頭脳 | zunou | head; brains |
| 滑らす | zurasu | to shift; to slide e.g. something away from something else; to move e.g. something out of the way; to put off; to delay; to postpone; to stagger e.g. working hours |
| 図々しい | zuuzuushii | impudent; shameless; brazen; forward; audacious; cheeky |
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