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assessment based
final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A patient with a core body temperature of 95 °F is classified as having: | mild hypothermia |
| what is hypothermia? | anything less than 95 degrees |
| what is hyperthermia? | anything more than 104 degrees |
| How does PEEP influence oxygenation? | It increases the alveolar surface area |
| What is Murphy's sign? | right upper quadrant abdominal pain |
| what does oliguria mean? | reduced urinary output |
| what does anuria mean? | no urinary output |
| what does pyelonephritis mean? | UTI infection |
| what are Le Fort fractures? | three levels or areas of facial fractures |
| how long would 1mg of IV epi affect the body? | 3-5 minutes |
| a reflex including bradycardia, hypertension and abnormal ventilations pattern is called: | cushing's reflex |
| What happens when checking the heart's axis on an ECG? | checking the overall direction of movement of depolarization through the cells |
| asthma is: | a lower airway disease |
| what is hemoptysis? | coughing up blood from the respiratory tract |
| what is pulmonary embolism? | blood clot in lungs |
| what are the signs and symptoms for pulmonary embolism? | sudden onset of dyspnea, chest pain that does not go away with rest, tachycardia and tachypnea |
| insulin assists glucose cells via a process known as: | facilitated diffusion |
| what is the ligament of treitz? | the delineation between the upper and lower GI system |
| how would adrenal insufficiency affect glucose levels during a stressful event? | due to lack of cortisol production, glucose levels would quickly decrease in times of stress |
| what are opiods? | oxycodone, hydrocodone, morphine, methadone, fentanyl |
| which component of blood aggregates into bleeding vessels first that allow clots to form? | thrombocytes |
| what is the formula for intubation for children? | 16 + age / 4 |
| blood troponin levels are assessed in the hospital to measure: | the amount of damage to cardiac myocytes |
| what is amalyse? | enzyme found in saliva that breaks down carbs into simple sugars |
| what is peristalsis? | wave like motion that propels food downward toward stomach |
| where does food enter your stomach? | lower esophageal sphincter |
| what is chyme? | digested food |
| where do nutrients get absorbed? | small intestine |
| what is the longest part of the alimentary canal? | small intestine |
| what is the longest section of the small intestine? | ileum |
| what is the most common site for bowel obstruction? | small intestine/ileum |
| what is the large intestine main job? | reabsorption of water and vitamins |
| which is considered the main post synaptic neurotransmitter for the sympathetic nervous system? | norepinephrine |
| what are some examples of hollow organs? | gallbladder or appendix |
| what are some examples of solid organs? | kidneys, liver, spleen, pancreas |
| what is bruits? | turbulent sounds of blood flow through partially occluded carotid arteries |
| what does rales in lung sound represent? | left ventricular heart failure |
| what is Kehr's sign? | shoulder tip pain associated with abdominal pain |
| what does left tip shoulder pain represent? | ruptured spleen |
| what does right tip shoulder pain represent? | gallstones |
| what is cholecystitis? | gallstones |
| what does flat abdomen and vaginal bleeding represent? | uterine rupture |
| what does flat abdomen with no vaginal bleeding represent? | placenta abruptio |
| what is placenta previa? | patient feels minimum to no pain |
| JVD is an indication of: | right sided heart failure |
| where does the absolute refractory period begin? | start of the QRS complex |
| what is volvulus? | kink where fecal matter cannot pass; small intestine twists around itself |
| what is intussception? | small intestine folding onto itself |
| what does LVAD stand for? | left ventricular assist device |
| what are the compensatory mechanisms for hemorrhagic shock? | tachycardia, tachypnea, increased systematic vascular resistance, urinary retention |
| which vascular dysfunction would most likely cause JVD? | tricuspid stenosis |
| cardiogenic shock usually results from: | severe left ventricular failure |
| what are nervous system stimulants? | cocaine and methamphetamine |
| what is the rate for accelerated junctional rhythm? | 60-100 |
| what is the rate for accelerated idioventricular rhythm? | 40-100 |
| where is the proper landmark for needle decompression of the anterior chest? | mid clavicular, just over the 3rd rib |
| what is the normal adult size for nasotracheal intubation? | 6 |
| what is the dose for glucagon for suspected hypoglycemia? | 1mg IM |
| what is urticaria? | hives |
| what is not a common side effect of nitroglycerin? | hypertension |
| which condition is caused by insufficient insulin production and results in hyperglycemia? | type 1 diabetes |
| what is the primary cause of myocardial infarction (MI)? | atherosclerosis |
| what are extrapyramidal reactions? | Turrets |
| which metabolic process is increased in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)? | lipolysis |
| when should you not rewarm a patient with frostbite? | if there is a potential of refreezing |
| which condition is characterized by the premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall? | abruptio placentae |
| what medication would you provide for symptomatic bradycardia and inadequate perfusion? | epinephrine |
| what is the primary life threatening concern for a patient with suspected pelvic fracture? | hemorrhage |
| what is oliguria? | decrease in urinary output - less than 500mL a day |
| what do you do for respiratory distress in an infant? | assisted ventilations |
| what is the next step once someone has started CPR? | assess rhythm and defibrillate if necessary |
| what is the initial treatment for someone suffering from anaphylaxis? | epinephrine |
| what do you expect to see in anaphylaxis? | vasodilation and hives |
| when intubated, how should you ventilate patient? | enough to see the chest rise |
| where is water absorbed in the loop of henle? | descending limb |
| where are salts absorbed in the loop of henle? | ascending limb |
| which lead is commonly used to monitor the lateral wall of the heart? | lead aVL |
| what is the primary function of the SA node? | initiating the heartbeat |
| which medication is commonly used to break down blood clots in ischemic strokes? | alteplase (tPA) |
| in a patient with severe diarrhea, what acid base imbalance is likely to occur? | metabolic acidosis |
| who creates urea? | liver |
| during the assessment of a pediatric patient's airway, which anatomical difference should be considered? | larger tongue relative to oral cavity |
| how do you treat a snake bite? | immobilize the leg |
| for a patient having a headache, is diaphoretic and confused, what should you do? | perform a neurological exam |
| in sepsis, what is the recommended target for MAP during fluid resuscitation? | 70-80 |
| what is the primary mechanism in the development of septic shock? | vasodilation |
| what is the role of inotropes in the management of septic shock? | enhanced cardiac contractility |
| what is the medical term for the cessation of menstruation, marking the end of a woman's reproductive years? | menopause |
| which condition involves the involuntary rhythmic movement of the eyes, often characterized by rapid side to side motions? | nystagmus |
| what is the primary neurotransmitter targeted by selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) used in the treatment of treatment of depression and anxiety? | norepinephrine |
| what is the term for the degeneration off the intervertebral discs, leading to compression of spinal nerves? | herniated disc |
| in toxicology, what is the term for a substance that enhances the toxic effects of another substance? | synergist |
| what is the expected skin condition of the patient? | cherry red skin |
| which class drug can cause symptoms such as dry mouth, blurred vision, and urinary retention? | anticholinergics |
| what does SLUDGE indicate? | cholinergic toxicity |
| which immunoglobulin participates in the allergic response and is found on the surface of mast cells? | IgE |
| when a patient raises their arms from their sides to the level of their shoulders this would be? | abduction |
| what does drooling indicate in a pedi? | epiglottitis |
| what technique is utilized to prepare the skin for venipuncture? | aseptic |
| during a mass casualty incident what is the primary goal of a paramedic? | providing medical care |
| what is the purpose of a "warm zone" in a HAZMAT incident? | decontamination area |
| what is the purpose of the "chain of command" in emergency operations? | establish a hierarchy for decision making |
| what intervention would be most appropriate for a newborn patient with a scaphoid abdomen and difficulty breathing? | place a nasogastric tube to decompress the stomach, intubate the patient and elevate the patient to a semi fowler's position |
| which hormone deficiency leads to diabetes insipidus, characterized by excessive thirst and urination? | antidiuretic hormone |
| what is a common sign of anaphylaxis? | hypotension |
| what is a sign for increasing intracranial pressure? | hypotension |
| what are the three bony prominences in the upper airway that slow the flow of air to allow for warming and humidifying? | turbinates |
| what complication will be your primary concern for burn patient? | hypovolemic shock |
| what is the difference between the adult and pediatric airway? | child's trachea is softer and more flexible than an adult's |
| what classification are captopril and enalapril? | ACE inhibitors |
Created by:
dmurphy4689
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