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Ecosystems
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Biotic | A living thing, as an animal or a plant, that influences or affects an ecosystem |
| Abiotic | A nonliving condition or thing, such as climate or habitat, that influences or affects an ecosystem and the organisms in it. |
| Ecosystem | a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment. |
| Habitat | the natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism. |
| Organism | an individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form. |
| Population | All of one type of organism in an area |
| Community | All of the populations in one area |
| Biosphere | The part of the earth that contains all of the ecosystems |
| Producer | an individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form. |
| Consumer | Living things that have to hunt, gather and eat their food |
| Decomposer | Decomposers feed on the remains of other animals. |
| Herbivore | an organism that mostly feeds on plants.. |
| Carnivore | an organism that regularly consumes a variety of material, including plants, animals, algae, and fungi. |
| Omnivore | An animal that gets its energy from both producers(plants) and consumers. |
| Scavenger | animals that consume dead organisms that have died from causes other than predation or have been killed by other predators |
| Niche | the role an organism plays in a community |
| Prey | An animal hunted or seized for food, especially by a carnivorous animal. |
| Predator | Any organism that exists by preying on other organisms |
| Desert | dry climate sub-type in which there is a severe excess of evaporation over precipitation. |
| Rain Forest | a hot, moist biome where it rains all year long. |
| Grassland | generally open and continuous, fairly flat areas of grass. |
| Deciduous Forest | trees that lose their leaves at the end of each growing season. |
| Biome | A community of plants and animals on a larger scale |
| Terrestrial Ecosystems | a land-based community of organisms and the interactions of biotic and abiotic components in a given area. |
| Aquatic | relating to water. |
| Aquatic Ecosystem | oceans, lakes, rivers, streams, estuaries, and wetlands |
| Freshwater | water containing less than 1,000 milligrams per liter of dissolved solids, most often salt. |
| Pond | a small body of still water formed naturally or by hollowing or embanking. |
| Lake | a large body of water surrounded by land. |
| River/Stream | The word stream is often used interchangeably with river, though rivers usually describe larger streams. |
| Saltwater Ecosystem | consisting of or containing salt water |
| Ocean | 97% of Earth's water, spans 70.8% of Earth's surface, |
| Saltmarsh | coastal wetlands that are flooded and drained by salt water brought in by the tides |
| Estuary | the tidal mouth of a large river, where the tide meets the stream. |
| Food Chain | series of organisms each dependent on the next as a source of food. |
| Primary Consumer | animals that eat plants. |
| Secondary Consumer | The organisms that eat the primary consumers |
| Tertiary Consumer | The organisms that eat the secondary consumers |
| Trophic Levels | ranges from a value of 1 for primary producers to 5 for marine mammals and humans. |
| Autotroph | an organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide. |
| Heterotroph | an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances. |
| Food Webs | A food web consists of all the food chains in a single ecosystem. |
| Energy Pyramid | a graphical representation of the energy found within the Trophic levels of an ecosystem. |
| Competition | the direct or indirect interaction of organisms that leads to a change in fitness when the organisms share the same resource. |
| Natural Resources | Natural resources are materials from the Earth that are used to support life and meet people's needs. |
| Brackish | Slightly salty, as is the mixture of river water and seawater in estuaries. |