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Inheritance

TermDefinition
Chromosome Contains genetic information contained in DNA (wound up DNA)
Gene Small section of DNA that codes for a trait- made up of the four base subunits
Allele a version of a gene
Dominant allele An allele whose trait always shows up in the organism
Recessive allele An allele that is hidden whenever the dominant allele is present
Homozygous Two alleles that code for the same trait
Heterozygous Two different alleles for a trait
Ribosome Site of protein synthesis
C pairs with G
G pairs with C
T pairs with A
A pairs with U
Mutation change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information
Insertion A mutation involving the addition of one or more nucleotides to a gene in DNA.
Deletion A mutational loss of one or more nucleotide from a gene in DNA.
Substitution A mutation in which a nucleotide in DNA is replaced with a different nucleotide
Selective Breeding the human practice of breeding animals or plants that have certain desired traits
genetic engineering A technology that includes the process of manipulating or altering the genetic material of a cell - makes recombinant DNA
Recombinant DNA DNA produced by combining DNA from different organisms
gel electrophoresis technique for sorting DNA fragments by length. Creates a DNA Fingerprint
Clone An organism that is genetically identical to the organism that donated the DNA
restriction enzymes Enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific sequence
Created by: cmaysick
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