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Human body
Study guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the basic unit of structure and function in a living thing? | cell |
| What are the four basic types of tissue in the human body? | muscle tissue, nervous tissue, epithelial tissue, and connective tissue |
| What is a structure that is composed (made) of different types of tissue? | organ |
| What do you call a group of organs that work together to perform a major function. | organ system |
| What is the process by which an organism's internal environment is kept stable in spite of changes in the external environment. | homeostasis |
| Your body's reaction to potentially threatening, challenging, or disturbing events is what? | stress |
| What are the five major functions of the skeleton? | shape and support, enables you to move, protects your organs, produces blood cells, stores minerals and other materials until needed. |
| What allows bones to move in different ways? | joints |
| What holds bones in a movable joint together? | ligament |
| Which connective tissue is more flexible than bone? | cartilage |
| Which layer of bone is hard and dense but not solid because blood vessels and nerves run through it? | compact bone |
| What layer of the bone contains small spaces in it? | spongy bone |
| What is the soft connective tissue in the spaces in the spongy bone layer? | marrow |
| What in your body is complex living structures that undergo growth and development? | bones |
| What is the condition in which the body's bones become weak and break easily? | osteoporosis |
| What type of muscles are not conscious controlled? | involuntary muscles |
| Which muscles can a person control? | voluntary muscles |
| Name the three types of muscle tissue. | skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle |
| What is the tissue that connects muscles to bones? | tendon |
| What is the name of the muscle cells that appear to be banded? | striated muscles |
| Which type of muscle is involuntary and helps many of your organs with processes such as digestion? | smooth muscles |
| Which type of muscles do not get tired and are only found in the heart? | cardiac muscles |
| Name 3 major functions of the skin. | Protect the body from injury, infection, and water loss, regulate temperature, eliminate waste, gather information about the environment, and produce vitamin D |
| What is the name of the outermost layer of the skin? | epidermis |
| What is the pigment that gives skin its color? | melanin |
| What is the name of the inner layer of the skin? | dermis |
| What is the name of the disease where some body cells divide uncontrollably? | cancer |
| Which system of the body consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood? | cardiovascular system |
| What is the name of the wall that completely separates the left and right side of the heart? | septum |
| What are the two upper chambers that receive the blood as it comes into the heart called? | atriums |
| What are the lower chmbers that pump blood out of the heart called? | ventricle |
| What is the flap of tissue that prevents blood from flowing backward between the atriums and ventricles? | valve |
| Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart? | arteries |
| Which blood vessels carry blood back to the heart? | veins |
| Which blood vessel exchanges substances between the blood and the body cells? | capillaries |
| Which loop does the blood travel from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart? | the first loop |
| Which loop does the blood go through the body and back to the heart? | the second loop |
| What are the 2 main functions of the respiratory system? | move oxygen from the environment into the body, and remove carbon dioxide and water from the body |
| What is the process that releases energy for growth and other cell processes? | respiration |
| What are the tiny hairlike extensions in your nose? | cilia |
| What is the scientific name for the throat? | pharynx |
| What is another name for the windpipe? | trachea |
| What are the tiny sacs of lung tissue that are specialized for the movement of gases between air and blood? | alveoli |
| Name the process in which oxygen goes from the alveolus to the blood and carbon dioxide and water go from the blood to the alveoli. | gas exchange |
| What is the large, dome-shaped muscle at the base of the lungs that expands and contracts as you breathe? | diaphragm |
| What is the scientific name for the voice box? | larynx |
| What is the name of the connective tissue that vibrates to make sound when air passes over it? | vocal cords |
Created by:
rachelwh
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