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2:2 Weathering
Soil Formation and Composition
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The loose, weathered material on Earth’s surface in which plants can grow. | Soil |
| The solid layer of rock beneath the soil. | Bedrock |
| The dark-colored substance that forms as plant and animal remains decay. | Humus |
| Soil that is made up of about equal parts of clay, sand, and silt. | Loam |
| A layer of soil that differs in color and texture from the layers above or below it. | Soil Horizon |
| Mixture of humus, clay, and other minerals that forms the crumbly, topmost layer of soil. | Topsoil |
| The layer of soil beneath the topsoil that contains mostly clay and other minerals. | Subsoil |
| The loose layer of dead plant leaves and stems on the surface of the soil. | Litter |
| Organisms that break the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and digest them with chemicals. | Decomposer |