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Lab for NCLEX
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Hemoglobin | (f) 12-16 ; (m) 14 - 18 |
| Hematocrit | (f) 37-47% ; (m) 42-52 % |
| Platelets | 150,000-400,000 |
| RBC | (f) 4.2-5.4 ; (m) 4.7-6.2 million |
| WBC | 5,000 - 10,000 |
| Sed Rate/ESR | (f) 0-20 sec ; (m) 0-15 sec |
| Prothrombin Time (PT) | 11 - 12 sec (Coumadin) |
| International Normalized Ratio (INR) | Normal <2, Coumaden 2-3 reported with PT |
| Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) | normal 30-40 ; heparin 53-70 |
| Sodium (Na) | 135-145 critical <120 or >160 |
| Potassium (K) | 3.5-5.5 critical =< 2.5 or > 6.5 |
| Chloride (Cl) | 98-106 critical =< 80 or > 115 |
| Calcium (Ca) | 8.2-10.2 critical =<7 or > 12 |
| Bilirubin | 0.3 - 1.0 |
| BUN | 10-20 critical >100 (have acidemia, confusion, fatigue, N/V, coma) |
| Creatinine | 0.5-1.2 critical >7.4, renal insufficiency if 1.5-3 |
| Glucose Fasting | 60-110 |
| Hemoglobin A1c | 4-6% = good glucose control |
| Creatinine enzymes | CK-MB, troponin 1, AST, myoglobin, B-type natiuretic peptide |
| pH of urine | 4.5 - 7.5 |
| Specific gravity of urine | 1.010 - 1.030 |
| ABG pH | 7.35 - 7.45 |
| pCO2 | 35 - 45 |
| HCO3 | 22-26 |
| pO2 | 80-100 |
| O2 saturation | 95-100% |
| Why would you have prolonged bleeding time? | Thrombocytopenia, von Willebrand's |
| What would cause a deficit of hemoglobin? | Sickle cell anemia, chronic renal failure, pregnancy |
| What would cause an increase in hemoglobin? | COPD, high altitudes, polycythemia |
| What would cause a decrease in platelets? | Acute leukemia, DIC, thrombocytopenic purpura |
| What would cause an increse in platelets? | Acute infections, chronic pancreatitis, cirrhosis, polycythemia |
| What would cause a decrease in sodium? | diabetic ketoacidosis, addison's, diuretics, excessive diaphoresis, water intoxication |
| What would cause an increase in sodium? | dehydration, renal insufficiency, corticosteroid tx, aldosteronism |
| What would cause a decrease in potassium? | Cushing's syndrome, diarrhea, diuretic, GI fistula, starvation, vomiting |
| What would cause an increase in potassium? | Addison's dse, diabetic ketoacidosis, renal insufficiency |
| What would cause a decrease in calcium? | acute pancreatitis, hypoparathyroidism, liver disease, renal failure, vitamin D deficiency |
| What would cause an increase in calcium? | acute osteoporosis, hyperparathyroidism, vit D intoxication, multiple myeloma |
| What would cause a decrease in chloride? | Addison's dse, diarrhea, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis, vomiting |
| What would cause an increase in chloride? | metabolic acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, corticosteroid tx, uremia |
| What would cause an increase in creatinine? | severe renal disease |
| What would cause a decrease in BUN? | malnutrition, severe liver damage |
| What would cause an increase in BUN? | fever, stress, renal disease, UTI |
| Cholesterol level | 140-200 |
| LDL level | <130 |
| HDL level | >45 |
| Serum Osmolality | 285-295 |
| Magnesium | 1.5 - 2.5 mEq/L ( toxic level: 4.8 - 9.6 mEq/L) |
| Phosphorus | 2.5-4.5 mEq/L |
| Albumin | 3.8-5.0 g/dL |
| Ammonia | 11-35 umol/L |
| Therapeutic Digoxin level | 0.8-2.0 ng/mL |
| Therapeutic Lithium level | 0.8-1.2 mEq/L |
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1057850081
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