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Biology Ch 9
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cell Cycle (9.1) | Cells reproduce by a cycle of growing and dividing. 9.1 |
| Interphase (9.1) | The stage during which the cell grows, carries out cellular functions, and replicates, or make copies of its DNA in preparation for the next stage of the cycle. 9.1 |
| Mitosis (9.1) | The stage of the cell cycle during which the cell's nucleus and nuclear material divide. 9.1 |
| Cytokinesis (9.1 &9.2) | The method by which a cell's cytoplasm divides, creating two identical daughter cells. 9.1 |
| G1 (9.1) | The substage in which the cell grows and performs normal functions. 9.1 |
| G2 (9.1) | The substage in which the cell prepares for nuclear division and a protein that makes microtubles for cell division is synthesized. organelles double 9.1 |
| S (9.1) | The substage of interphase in which the cell copies its DNA in preparation for cell division. 9.1 |
| Chromosomes (9.1) | Structures that contain the genetic material that is passed from generation to generation of cells. 9.1 |
| Chromatin (9.1) | The relaxed form of DNA in the cell's nucleus. 9.1 |
| Prophase (9.2) | The first stage of mitosis, where the cell spends most of its time, in which the cell's chromatin tightens or condenses into chromosomes.9.2 |
| Sister Chromatids (9.2) | Structures that contain identical copies of DNA. 9.2 |
| Centromere (9.2) | Structures at the center of the chromosomes where the sister chromatids are attached. 9.2 |
| Spindle apparatus (9.2) | The whole structure, including the spindle fibers, centrioles, and aster fibers. 9.2 |
| Metaphase (9.2) | The second stage of mitosis where the sister chromatids are pulled by motor proteins along the spindle apparatus toward the center of the cell and line up in the middle, or equator, of the cell. 9.2 |
| Anaphase (9.2) | The third state of mitosis where the chromatids are pulled apart. 9.2 |
| Telophase (9.2) | The last stage of mitosis during which the chromosomes arive at the poles of the cell and begin to relax, or decondense. (9.2) |
| Cyclins (9.3) | One of the specific proteins that regulate the cell cycle. 9.3 |
| Cyclin-dependent kinases (9.3) | Enzyme to which cyclin binds during interphase and mitosis, triggering and controlling activities during the cell cycle. 9.3 |
| Cancer (9.3) | The uncontrolled growth and division of cells. 9.3 |
| Carcinogens (9.3) | Substances and agents that are known to cause cancer. 9.3 |
| Apoptosis (9.3) | Programmed cell death. 9.3 |
| Stem cells (9.3) | Unspecialized cells that can develop into specialized cells. 9.3 |
| Cell Plate (9.2) | In plant cells, the vesicles which move along microtubules to the midpoint between the two daughter nuclei fuse to form a ___. |
Created by:
smeisman
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