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Drug cards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the indications for adenosine? | 1st line medication for stable narrow complex SVT, regular and monomorphic wide complex tachycardia thought to be of reentry of SVT. |
| What is the adult dose for adenosine? | 1st: 6mg RIVP followed by rapid fluid flush 2nd: 12mg RIVP followed by rapid fluid flush |
| What is the pedi dose for adenosine? | 1st: 0.1mg/kg RIVP followed by rapid fluid flush 2nd: 0.2mg/kg RIVP followed by rapid fluid flush |
| What is the other name for adenosine? | Adenocard |
| What are the contraindications for adenosine? | A fib, a flutter, TdP, poisoned induced tachycardia, 2/3 degree AVB |
| What are the indications for Albuterol? | Bronchospasm, allergies/anaphylaxis, hyperkalemia |
| What is the adult dose of Albuterol? | 2.5mg/3ml via SVN. Repeat every 15-20 mins as needed. |
| What is the pedi dose for albuterol? | 1.25-2.5mg/1.5-3mL via SVN. Repeat every 15-20 mins as needed. |
| Contraindications for albuterol | Hypersensitivity |
| What is the MOA for amioderone? | Slows potassium efflux which delays repolarization |
| Indications for amioderone | Vfib, pVtach, vtach with a pulse, wide complex tachycardia not responding to other treatments. |
| Adult dose for amioderone (pVtach, vfib, cardiac arrest unresponsive to cpr, shock or epi) | 1st: 300 mg IVP/IOP 2nd: 150mg IV/IO push |
| Adult dose of amioderone ( life threatening arrhythmia) | 1st: rapid infusion of 150mg over 10 mins (15mg/min) 2nd: may repeat same dose every 10 mins as needed. |
| Slow infusion rate for amioderone | 360mg IV over 6 hours |
| Maintenance infusion of amioderone | 540 mg over 18 hours |
| What are the indications for aspirin? | New onset chest pain from suspected cardiac origin |
| What are the contraindications of aspirin | Allergy, bronchospasm, angioedema |
| What is the MOA for aspirin | Prevents platelet aggregation |
| What is the adult dose of ASA? | 81-324mg PO (chewable) |
| What is the pedi dose for ASA | Contraindicated!! |
| What are the indications of atropine? | 1st line medication for symptomatic bradycardia, organophosphate poisoning |
| Adverse effects of atropine | Blurred vision, dry mouth, dilated pupils, confusion. |
| What is atropine’s drug class? | Parasympatholytic |
| Adult dose of atropine (bradycardia) | 1mg IVP every 3-5 mins as needed. Max 3mg |
| Adult dose for atropine (organophosphate poisoning) | 2-4mg IVP |
| Pedi dose of atropine (organophosphate poisoning) | 0.02-0.05mg/kg IVP/IO |
| What is calcium chloride’s drug class? | Element, mineral, electrolyte |
| Indications for calcium chloride | Hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, treatment of adverse effects caused by calcium channel blocker overdose, hypotension secondary to the administration of diltiazem. |
| Adult dose of calcium chloride | 0.5-1gram slow IV over 3-5 mins |
| Pedi dose of calcium chloride | 20mg/kg slow IV/IOP |
| Calcium chloride dose (for treatment of hypotension following administration of Diltiazem) | 500mg |
| What is the MOA for Captopril | Prevents production of angiotensin 2 by inhibiting ACE |
| Indications of Captopril | Severe CHF with hypotension in conjunction with nitrates and CPAP |
| Contraindications of Captopril | Pregnancy, angioedema, allergic to ace inhibitors |
| Dose for captopril | 25mg PO |
| Pharmacodynamics of Dexamethasone | Synthetic glucocorticoids, anti inflammatory, suppress immune response |
| Indications of dexamethasone | Bronchial asthma, COPD, anaphylaxis |
| Adult dose of dexamethasone | 10mg IV/IO/PO |
| Pedi dose for dexamethasone | 0.5mg/kg max 10mg IV/IO/PO |
| Indications for dextrose | Correction of hypoglycemia |
| Contraindication of dextrose | Known hyperglycemia |
| Dextrose adverse effects | Tissue necrosis, may worsen pre existing hyperglycemia |
| Adult dose for dextrose | 25grams IV/IO |
| Pedi dose for dextrose (birth -2mo) | 5-10ml/kg d10 |
| Pedi dose for dextrose (2mo-2years) | 2-4ml/kg d25 |
| Pedi dose for dextrose (2years+) | 1-2mg/kg d50 |
| Diazepam pharmacodynamics | Binds with GABA receptors causing influx of chloride |
| Indications of diazepam | Sustained seizures, anxiety, sedation |
| Adult dose of diazepam | 2.5-10mg in 2.5mg increments slow IV/IO/IM |
| Pedi dose of diazepam | 0.1mg/kg in 2.5mg increments slow IV/IO/IM. Max 5mg |
| Pharmacodynamics of benadryl | H1 and h2 histamine blocker |
| Benadryl indications | Allergic reaction, anaphylaxis, extrapyramidal reactions, sedation |
| Adult dose for Benadryl | 25-50mg |
| Pedi dose for benadryl | 1-2mg/kg slow IV/IO/IM. Max 50mg |
| The other name for Benadryl | Diphenhydramine |
| Indications of diltiazem | First line medication for A fib & A flutter with RVR (above 150). Second line medication for SVT that is refractory to adenosine. |
| Contraindications for diltiazem | Hypotension, CHF, cardiogenic shock, wide complex tachycardia, WPW, hypersensitivity |
| Adult dose of diltiazem | 1st: 0.25mg/kg max 20mg 2nd: 0.35mg/kg max 25mg |
| Indications for dobutamine | Cardiac pump problems with hypotension (CHF) |
| Dobutamine contraindications | Hypovolemia until fluid replacement has been administered. Do not mix with sodium bicarb |
| Adult and pedi dose of dobutamine | 2-20 mcg/kg/min |
| Dopamine MOA | Alpha and beta Adrenergic agonist. + chronotropic, +inotropic, +dromotropic |
| Indications for dopamine | CHF, hypotension with signs of shock, 2nd line medication for symptomatic bradycardia (after atropine for adults) |
| Dopamine contraindications | Hypovolemic pts until fluid volume replacement has occurred. Do not mix with sodium bicarb. Known Hx of pheochromocytoma. |
| Adult and pedi dose of dopamine | 2-20 mcg/kg/min. Titrate to pt response. Do not open wide open!! |
| what is the drug class for Enalapril | ACE Inhibitor |
| Enalapril MOA | prevents the production of angiotensin 2 |
| indications for Enalapril | severe CHF with HTN in conjunction with nitrates and CPAP |
| contraindications for Enalapril | pregnancy, angioedema, allergic to ACE inhibitors |
| adult dose for Enalapril | initial 2.5mg PO. titrate to 20mg PO |
| indications for Epi 1:1,000 | severe bronchospasm, allergies/anaphylaxis |
| adult and pedi dose for Epi 1:1,000 | 0.01mg/kg IM. max 0.3-0.5mg |
| indications for Epi 1:10,000 | cardiac arrest, symptomatic bradycardia (pedi), normovolemic hypotension, severe anaphylaxis impending cardiac arrest |
| adult dose for Epi 1:10,000 (cardiac arrest) | 1mg IVP/IOP every 3-5 mins |
| adult dose for Epi 1:10,000 (bradycardia) | 2-10mcg/min IV/IO infusion |
| adult dose for Epi 1:10,000 (normovolemic hypotension and severe anaphylaxis) | 0.1-0.5mcg/kg/min *mix 1mg into a 1 liter bag of fluid* |
| pedi dose for Epi 1:10,000 (bradycardia/cardiac arrest) | 0.01mg/kg or 1mL/kg |
| pedi dose for Epi 1:10,000 (hypo perfusion/severe anaphylaxis) | 0.1-1mcg/kg/min infusion *mix 1mg into a 1 liter bag of fluid* |
| indications for Etomidate | sedation/SFI/RSI |
| adverse effects for Etomidate | laryngospasm, resp. depression, suppress cortisol, head injured pts |
| adult dose for Etomidate | 0.2-0.4mg/kg (limit one dose) |
| pedi dose for Etomidate | 0.2-0.4mg/kg (limit one dose) max 20mg |
| indications for Fentanyl | mod-severe pain |
| contraindications for Fentanyl | hypersensitivity and uncorrected hypotension (<90) |
| adult and pedi dose for Fentanyl | 1mcg/kg max 100mcg IV/IO/IM/IN. *Max 1mL per nostril* repeat as needed every 5-10 mins. |
| pharmacodynamics of Flumazenil | Benzodiazepine antagonist. |
| indications for Flumazenil | benzodiazepine overdose |
| adult dose for flumazenil | 0.2mg IV/IO every 15 seconds up to 3mg total dose |
| pedi dose for flumazenil | 0.01mg/kg every 15 seconds up to 0.05mg/kg total dose |
| Furosemide blocks the absorption of sodium, chloride, and water from the kidney tubules causing increased urine output. | Loop diuretic |
| indication for Furosemide | acute pulmonary edema in pts with >90 to 100 mmHg and hypertensive emergencies. |
| contraindications for Furosemide | hypovolemia, hypotension, hypokalemia or other suspected electrolyte abnormalities |
| adult dose for furosemide | 0.5-1mg/kg over 1-2 mins. |
| adult dose for furosemide (new onset pulmonary edema with suspected hypovolemia) | 0.5mg/kg slow IV |
| indications for Glucagon | hypoglycemia where IV/IO placement is not obtainable. bradycardia a beta blocker or calcium channel blocker overdose. |
| contraindications for Glucagon | hypersensitivity and bradycardia from other etiology |
| adult dose for Glucagon (hypoglycemia) | 1mg IM/IN |
| adult dose for Glucagon (suspected beta blocker OD) | 3-10mg IV slow over 3-5 mins followed by infusion of 3-5mg/hr |
| pedi dose for Glucagon (hypoglycemia) | <20kg: 0.5mg IM/IN. >20kg 1mg IM/IN |
| pedi dose for Glucagon (suspected beta blocker OD) | 0.05-0.15mg/kg IV/IO. followed by 0.05-0.1mg/kg/hr IV/IO infusion |
| pharmacodynamics for Haloperidol | blocks dopamine receptors associated with mood and behavior |
| indications for Haloperidol | psychosis. chemical restraint for violent, agitated, and aggressive behavior who presents as a danger to self and others. |
| contraindications for Haloperidol | Parkinson's disease, acute CNS injury, hypersensitivity |
| adult dose for Haloperidol | <69y/o: 5mg IM max 20mg/day. >69y/o: 2.5mg IM max 10mg/day |
| pedi dose for Haloperidol | <6y/o: contraindicated. 6-12y/o: 0.05mg/kg IM max 2.5mg 13-18y/o: 2.5-5mg IM |
| pharmacodynamics for Hydroxocobalamin | binds with cyanide to form non toxic cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) preventing its toxic effects. |
| indication for Hydroxocobalamin | suspected cyanide poisoning |
| contraindication for Hydroxocobalamin | hypersensitivity |
| adult dose for Hydroxocobalamin | 5 grams IV/IO over 15 mins *may repeat a 2nd dose (5 gram) for a max cumulative dose of 10 grams* |
| pedi dose for Hydroxocobalamin | 70mg/kg IV/IO max 5 grams |
| pharmacodynamics of Ipratropium | anticholinergic selectively blocks muscuranic receptors |
| other name for Ipratropium | Atrovent |
| indications for Ipratropium | bronchospasm associated with obstructive lung diseases (COPD, asthma) |
| adverse effects for Atrovent | blurred vision, dry mouth, dilated pupils, cough, confusion |
| adult dose for Atrovent | 500mcg/2.5mL |
| pedi dose for atrovent | 250-500mcg/1.25-2.5mL |
| pharmacodynamics for Ketamine | dissociative anesthetic |
| indications for Ketamine | Sedation/SFI/RSI, analgesia |
| contraindications for Ketamine | hypersensitivity and HTN |
| Adult dose and pedi dose for Ketamine (pain management) | 0.2mg/kg IV/IO max 20 mg 0.5mg/kg IM/IN (if IV/IO is unavailable) |
| Adult dose and pedi dose for Ketamine (sedation) | 1-2mg/kg |
| What is Labetalol? | a beta blocker |
| indications for Labetalol | 2nd line medication for SVT after adenosine Afib, A flutter with RVR reduce myocardial ischemia in AMI pts with elevated HR antihypertensive |
| contraindications for Labetalol | STEMI pts with: signs of heart failure, low cardiac output, high risk of cardiogenic shock. hypotension bradycardia |
| adult dose for Labetalol | 10mg IV/IOP over 1-2 mins *may repeat every 10 mins to max 150mg* |
| indications for Levalbuterol | bronchospasm, allergies/anaphylaxis, hyperkalemia |
| adult dose for Levalbuterol | 0.63mg/3mL |
| indications for Lidocaine | alternative to Amioderone in cardiac arrest from VF/pVT stable monomorphic VT with a preserved LVF |
| contraindications for Lidocaine | patients who have already received IV calcium channel blocker |
| adult dose for Lidocaine (cardiac arrest from VF/pVT) | 1-1.5mg/kg IV/IO |
| adult dose for Lidocaine (perfusing arrhythmia ) | 1-1.5mg/kg IV/IO |
| maintenance infusion for Lidocaine (adult) | 1-4mg/min |
| pedi dose for Lidocaine (cardiac arrest VF/pVT) | 1mg/kg IV/IO |
| maintenance dose for Lidocaine (pedi) | 20-50mcg/kg/min |
| pharmacodynamics of Lorazepam | benzodiazepine |
| indication of Lorazepam | sustained seizures, sedation, anxiety, chemical restraint |
| adult dose for Lorazepam | 4mg IV/IO administered at a rate of 2mg/min. max 8mg |
| pedi dose for Lorazepam | 0.05-0.1mg/kg IV/IO over 2-5 mins. max 4mg |
| pharmacodynamics for Mag sulfate | Bronchodilator |
| indications for Mag sulfate | bronchial asthma, TdP, Eclampsia |
| contraindications for Mag Sulfate | high degree heart block, shock, dialysis, hypocalcemia, Vfib/pVtach |
| Mag sulfate adult dose (bronchodilation) | 1-2 grams over 10 mins IV/IO |
| Mag sulfate adult dose ( TdP with a pulse) | 1-2 grams over 5-60 mins (infusion) Maintenance: 0.5-1 gram/hr |
| Mag sulfate adult dose (TdP cardiac arrest) | 1-2 grams IV/IO |
| Mag sulfate adult dose (eclampsia) | 4 grams over 4 mins IV/IO maintenance: 1-2 grams/hr |
| Mag sulfate pedi dose (bronchodilation) | 25-50mg /kg. max 2 grams over 15-30 mins |
| Mag sulfate pedi dose (TdP w/ pulse) | 25-50mg/kg over 10-20 mins IV/IO |
| Mag sulfate pedi dose (TdP cardiac arrest) | 25-50mg/kg IV/IO bolus max 2 grams |
| indications for Methylene Blue | methemoglobinemia (methb), nitrate OD/poisoning |
| contraindications for Methylene Blue | hypersensitivity |
| adult and pedi dose of Methylene Blue | 1mg/kg IV/IO over 5-30 mins |
| midazolam pharmacodynamics | benzodiazepine |
| indications for midazolam | active seizures, RSI, chemical restraint, Anxiety, sedation |
| midazolam brand name | Versed |
| adult dose of midazolam (active seizures) | 0.1mg/kg in 2 mg increments. max 5mg 5mg IM/IN |
| adult dose for midazolam (RSI) | 0.1-0.3mg/kg max 10 mg |
| Midazolam pedi dose (active seizure) | 0.1mg/kg in 2mg increments IV/IO max 5mg |
| Midazolam pedi dose (RSI) | 0.1-0.3mg/kg max 10mg |
| Indications for morphine | Mod-severe pain |
| Contraindications for morphine | Hypersensitivity, uncorrected hypotension (<90) |
| Morphine adult dose | 2-10mg or 0.1mg/kg Max 20mg IV IO IM SQ PO |
| Morphine pedi dose | 0.1mg/kg IV IO slow or IM up to 10mg |
| Narcan indications | Suspected opiate OD w/ respiratory depression |
| Adverse effects of Narcan | Opiate withdrawal, N/V/D, fever, chills |
| Adult dose for Narcan | 0.4-0.2mg IV/IO/IM/IN |
| Pedi dose for Narcan | 0.1mg/kg up to 2mg IV/IO/IM/IN |
| Nitroglycerin MOA | Potent vasodilator that opens coronary vessels to improve blood flow to the myocardium. Decreases the overall workload of the heart and after load |
| Nitroglycerin indications | Symptoms suggestive of myocardial ischemia, CHF |
| Nitroglycerin contraindications | Hypotension, severe bradycardia, tachycardia, use of sexual enhancements in the last 48 hours, increased ICP. |
| Nitroglycerin adult dose | 0.4mg SL (pill or spray) repeat 3x every 5 mins for a max of 1.2mg |
| Special considerations for nitro | Tablets lose effectiveness after exposure to air or sunlight. Do not shake aerosol spray because it affects the metered dose. |
| Norepinephrine indications | Normovolemic hypotension, septic shock, cardiogenic shock |
| Norepinephrine contraindications | Hypovolemia until volume replacement has occurred. |
| Norepinephrine adult dose | 0.1-0.5mcg/kg/min IV/IO infusion |
| Norepinephrine pedi dose | 0.1-2mcg/kg/min IV/IO infusion |
| Indications for Ondansetron (zofran) | Prevention and control of nausea and/or vomiting |
| Adult dose for Ondansetron (zofran) | 4-8 mg IV slow, IM, PO |
| Ondansetron pedi dose | 0.1mg/kg IV slow, IM, PO Max 8mg |
| Procainamide MOA | Blocks sodium channels in cardiac cells which causes depolarization to slow and a decrease in automaticity |
| Procainamide indications | VT with a pulse, pre excitation rhythms (WPW) |
| Procainamide contraindications | Should not be givin with calcium channel blockers |
| Procainamide adult dose (recurrent VF/VT) | 20mg/min. Max 17mg/kg |
| Procainamide adult dose (urgent situations) | Up to 50mg/min. May be administered to a total dose of 17mg/kg. |
| Procainamide adult dose ( maintenance infusion) | 1-4mg/min |
| Procainamide pedi dose (SVT, A flutter, VT w/ pulse) | 15 mg/kg IV/IO over 30-60 mins |
| Indications for racemic epi | Croup |
| Adult and pedi dose for Racemic Epi | 0.25-0.75mL of a 2.25% solution diluted in 3mL of NS |
| Rocuronium indication | RSI |
| Rocuronium adult dose | 0.6-1.2mg/kg |
| Pedi dose of Rocuronium | 0.6-1.2mg/kg |
| Pharmacodynamics of Solu-medrol | Synthetic glucocorticoid, anti-inflammatory |
| Solu-medrol indications | Bronchial asthma, COPD, anaphylaxis |
| Solu-medrol adult dose | 125-250mg IV/IO |
| Solu-medrol pedi dose | 2mg/kg IV/IO Max 60mg |
| Indication for succinylcholine | RSI |
| Succinylcholine contraindications | Hyperkalemia (burns, crush injury), increased ICP, severe trauma, neuromuscular disease |
| Succinylcholine adult dose | 1-1.5mg/kg IV/IO |
| Succinylcholine pedi dose | 1-1.5mg/kg |
| Terbutaline indications | bronchial asthma, reversible airway obstruction associated with bronchitis or emphysema, preterm labor |
| Terbutaline contraindications | hypersensitivity and patients under 12 years old |
| adult dose for Terbutaline | 0.25mg IM |
| indications for Thiamine | coma of unknown origin, Wernicke's encephalopathy, delirium tremens |
| contraindications for Thiamine | hypersensitivity |
| adult dose for Thiamine | 100mg IV/IO/IM |
| pharmacodynamics of Vecuronium | non depolarizing neuromuscular blocker. binds to AcH receptors at the neuromuscular junction |
| Vecuronium indications | RSI |
| Vecuronium contraindications | hypersensitivity |
| adult dose for Vecuronium | 0.1-0.2mg/kg IV/IO |
| pedi dose for Vecuronium | 0.1-0.3mg/kg IV/IO |
| Verapamil indication | 2nd line medication for Afib and A flutter with RVR. may be used as an alternative medication (after adenosine) for narrow QRS complex tachycardia with a preserved LV function |
| Verapamil contraindications | hypotension, CHF/ cardiogenic shock, wide complex tachycardia, WPW, hypersensitivity |
| Verapamil adult dose | 1st: 2.5-5mg IV/IO bolus over 2-3 mins 2nd: 5-10 mg over 2-3 mins |
| Etomidate indications | sedation/SFI/RSI |
| Etomidate contraindications | hypersensitivity |
| Etomidate adult and pedi dose | 0.2-0.4mg/kg (limit to 1 dose) *pedi max dose: 20mg* |
| pharmacodynamics for Ibuprofen | anti inflammatory and antipyretic through inhibition of prostaglandins |
| ibuprofen indications | mild-mod pain, fever, inflammation |
| ibuprofen contraindications | bronchospasm, angioedema, hypersensitivity |
| ibuprofen adult dose | 200-800mg PO every 6-8 hours *daily max 3200mg* |
| ibuprofen pedi dose | 5-10mg/kg PO every 6-8 hours *daily max: 30mg/kg* |
| Toradol pharmacodynamics | anti inflammatory and antipyretic through inflammation of prostaglandins |
| indications for Toradol | mild-mod pain, fever, inflammation, renal calculi** |
| contraindications for Toradol | hypersensitivity, bronchospasm, angioedema |
| adult dose for Toradol | 15-30mg IV 60mg IM |
| pedi dose for Toradol | not recommended |
| Toradol AKA | Ketorolac |
| Tranexamic Acid indications | significant hemorrhage (external or internal) after external hemorrhage has been controlled. |
| Tranexamic Acid (TXA) contraindications | SP 3 hours past injury, hypersensitivity, suspected thromboembolism. |
| TXA adult dose | 1 gram over 10 mins. mix in 50 mL bag of NS followed by 1 gram over 8 hours (500mL bag) |
| TXA pedi dose | not recommended |
Created by:
Ashleydw1
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