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Chapter 7 (mirco 24)

Chapter 7

TermDefinition
Binary fission Primary method of bacterial cell replication
Preparation Synthesis and increase of cellular components before division
Chromosome replication Duplication of chromosome starting at origin of replication
Chromosome enlargement=Synthesis of new structures to enlarge the cell Synthesis of new structures to enlarge the cell
Chromosome division Separation of chromosomes into forming daughter cells
Septation Constriction of cell center to promote cytokinesis
Completion of cell compartments Synthesis of division septum to separate daughter cells
Generation Time Period for one cell to become two cells through binary fission
Escherichia coli Bacterial species with a generation time of 20 minutes
Staphylococcus aureus Bacterial species with a generation time of 30 minutes
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Bacterial species with a generation time of 18 hours
Treponema pallidum= Bacterial species with a generation time of 33 hours
Mycobacterium leprae Bacterial species with a generation time of 14 days
Exponential value Number of cells increasing exponentially (2n) with n as the number of generations
Bacterial Growth Curve Graph representing microbial growth in a closed system
Lag phase Period of no increase in living bacterial cells, adjustment to new environment
Exponential phase Maximum rate of cell division with adequate nutrients
Stationary phase Plateau in living cell numbers due to decreased growth and increased death
Death phase Exponential decrease in living cell numbers due to overcrowding and lack of nutrients
Turbidometry Indirect count of bacterial cells using spectrophotometer
Direct microscopic cell count Counting cells in a specific volume using a Petroff-Hausser chamber
(Viable) Plate Count Count of colonies or CFU/ml on a petri plate using a pour or spread method
Most Probable Number Statistical procedure for estimating viable microorganisms in a sample
-troph Suffix meaning 'food' or 'nourishment'
-phile Suffix meaning 'to love'
Hete- Prefix meaning 'other'
Auto- Prefix meaning 'self'
Photo- Prefix meaning 'light'
Chemo- Prefix meaning 'chemical'
Psychro- Prefix meaning 'cold'
Thermo- Prefix meaning 'heat'
Aero- Prefix meaning 'air (O2)'
Oxygen Requirements Factors determining microbial survival in relation to oxygen
pH Requirements Range of pH for microbial growth and tolerance
Temperature Requirements Range of temperatures for microbial growth and metabolism
Osmotic Pressure Effect of environmental solute concentration on microbial survival
Nutrition Acquisition and use of nutrients for cellular activities
Microbial Associations Symbiotic and nonsymbiotic relationships between microbes
Biofilms Microbial communities with complex interactions and implications
Created by: jenniejenjen
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